如何開始android開發

Android開發簡介 (An intro to Android Development)

Android apps can be a great, fun way to get into the world of programming. Officially programmers can use Java, Kotlin, or C++ to develop for Android. Though there may be API restrictions, using certain tools developers can use a large number of languages, including JavaScript, C, or assembly. The possibilities are endless.

Android應用程序可能是進入編程世界的一種非常有趣的好方法。正式而言，程序員可以使用Java，Kotlin或C ++進行Android開發。盡管可能會有API限制，但是使用某些工具，開發人員可以使用多種語言，包括JavaScript，C或匯編語言。可能性是無止境。

From simple games and utility apps to full-blown music players, there are many opportunities to create something meaningful with Android. The Android developer community is widespread, and the documentation and resources online are easy to find, so that you can tackle any issue you’re facing.

從簡單的游戲，實用程序應用程序到功能完善的音樂播放器，都有許多機會可以使用Android創建有意義的內容。 Android開發人員社區非常廣泛，在線文檔和資源也很容易找到，因此您可以解決所遇到的任何問題。

There is definitely a learning curve to get used to the Android framework. But once you understand the core components that make up the app, the rest will come naturally.

一定要適應Android框架，這是一條學習曲線。但是，一旦您了解了構成應用程序的核心組件，其余的一切就自然而然地出現了。

The learning curve involved in Android has a relatively smaller slope compared to learning other technologies such as NodeJS. It is also relatively easier to understand and make contributions towards AOSP hosted by Google. The project can be found here.

與學習其他技術(例如NodeJS)相比，Android中涉及的學習曲線的斜率相對較小。相對容易理解，并為Google托管的AOSP做出貢獻。該項目可以在這里找到。

入門 (Getting started)

Check out the guides in this folder to learn about the 4 core components that make up an Android app and how you can get started with a sample app. Then delve into the more advanced topics such as fragments and the Gradle build system. Finally, check out the material design specifications guide as well to learn how to make your apps beautiful and user friendly.

查看此文件夾中的指南，以了解組成一個Android應用程序的4個核心組件，以及如何開始使用示例應用程序。然后深入研究更高級的主題，例如片段和Gradle構建系統。最后，還請查看材料設計規范指南，以了解如何使您的應用程序美觀和用戶友好。

Android Studio的設置和入門 (Setting Up and Getting Started with Android Studio)

Go to this link and install the latest JDK. Now download the Android Studio and SDK tools bundle from here. Install the Android Studio and SDK following the set up. Keep note of the SDK location. If you face any errors go to settings later to resolve them.

轉到此鏈接并安裝最新的JDK。現在從此處下載Android Studio和SDK工具包。按照設置安裝Android Studio和SDK。記下SDK的位置。如果遇到任何錯誤，請稍后再進行設置以解決它們。

Lastly, learn to integrate 3rd party libraries and Firebase services to add functionality to your app. It would be helpful if you go through the official documentation for each component.

最后，學習集成第三方庫和Firebase服務以向您的應用程序添加功能。如果您仔細閱讀每個組件的官方文檔，將會很有幫助。

官方文件 (Official Documentation)

Google Developers Guide for Android

適用于Android的Google開發者指南

Java與Kotlin：要學習哪種語言？ (Java vs. Kotlin: which language to learn?)

Ever since Google announced Kotlin as the official language for Android development at Google IO in 2017, programmers who want to become Android developers have a dilemma. The big question in front of them is whether they should learn Kotlin or Java.

自從Google在2017年宣布Kotlin作為Google IO的Android開發官方語言以來，想要成為Android開發人員的程序員就陷入了困境。他們面前最大的問題是他們應該學習Kotlin還是Java。

Android開發的初學者應從Java開始 (Beginners in Android Development Should Start With Java)

The first and foremost thing is that Android development is not everything. As a programmer, you may be starting your career with Android development. But if you start with a well-established language like Java, you become a part of the bigger Java community and market, which directly means more job opportunities.

首先也是最重要的是，Android開發還不是全部。作為程序員，您可能會開始使用Android開發。但是，如果您從像Java這樣的成熟語言開始，您將成為更大的Java社區和市場的一部分，這直接意味著更多的工作機會。

The second and more important thing is that there is a huge community of Java programmers, which means you can find answers when you are stuck. This is very important because, as a beginner, you will face a lot of technical problems and you might not know where to head when you are stuck.

第二個也是更重要的一點是，有一個龐大的Java程序員社區，這意味著當您遇到困難時可以找到答案。這是非常重要的，因為作為一個初學者，您將面臨很多技術問題，并且在卡住時可能不知道要去哪里。

When you search Google with a Java problem, you are bound to get answers. But the same cannot be said for Kotlin, which is still a new programming language.

當您使用Java問題搜索Google時，一定會找到答案。但是對于Kotlin來說卻不能說相同，它仍然是一種新的編程語言。

Java程序員應該學習Kotlin (Java Programmers Should Learn Kotlin)

Now, coming back to the second set of programmers who want to learn Android development: our fellow Java developers. For them, I think it's best to learn Kotlin because it really improves productivity.

現在，回到第二組想要學習Android開發的程序員：我們的Java開發人員。對于他們來說，我認為最好學習Kotlin，因為它確實可以提高生產力。

A class which takes 50 lines of code in Java can really be written in just one line in Kotlin. It can help you avoid all boiler-plate code - for example, you don’t need to specify getters and setters, equals(), hashCode() or toString() methods. Kotlin can generate all that by itself.

實際上，使用Java用50行代碼編寫的類實際上可以用Kotlin用一行編寫。它可以幫助您避免所有樣板代碼-例如，您不需要指定getter和setter，equals()，hashCode()或toString()方法。 Kotlin可以自己生成所有內容。

If you don’t know, Kotlin was development by JetBrains, the company behind one of the most popular Java IDEs, IntelliJ IDEA. They were a Java shop developing IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA, PyCharm, and ReSharper, all in Java. And then they built Kotlin to improve their productivity. But at the same time, they couldn't rewrite all their code in Kotlin, so that’s why they made Kotlin fully interoperable with Java.

如果您不知道，Kotlin是由JetBrains開發的，JetBrains是最流行的Java IDE之一IntelliJ IDEA背后的公司。他們是一家Java商店，使用Java來開發諸如IntelliJ IDEA，PyCharm和ReSharper之類的IDE。然后他們建立了Kotlin以提高生產力。但是同時，他們無法用Kotlin重寫所有代碼，因此這就是為什么他們使Kotlin與Java完全互操作。

Because Kotlin generates Java bytecode, you can use your favorite Java frameworks and libraries in Kotlin and your Java friends can also use any Kotlin framework you develop.

由于Kotlin生成Java字節碼，因此您可以在Kotlin中使用自己喜歡的Java框架和庫，并且Java朋友也可以使用您開發的任何Kotlin框架。

Java資源： (Java resources:)

Java programming basics
Java編程基礎
The best Java examples
最好的Java示例
The best Java 8 tutorials
最好的Java 8教程
Java for absolute beginners - full video course
適用于絕對初學者的Java-完整視頻課程

Kotlin資源： (Kotlin resources:)

Still using Java for Android app development? Try Kotlin instead.
還在使用Java進行Android應用開發嗎？嘗試使用Kotlin。
Develop native Android apps with Kotlin - full video course
使用Kotlin開發原生Android應用-完整的視頻課程
Useful standard library functions in Kotlin
Kotlin中有用的標準庫功能
Functional programming in Kotlin
Kotlin中的函數式編程