1. 安裝Mariadb

1. 安裝命令

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

2. 安裝完成MariaDB，首先啟動MariaDB

systemctl start mariadb

3. 設置開機啟動

systemctl enable mariadb

MariaDB的相關簡單配置

1. 此命令進入到配置相關界面

mysql_secure_installation

2. 首先是設置密碼，會提示先輸入密碼

Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次運行直接回車

3. 設置密碼

Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否設置root用戶密碼，輸入y并回車或直接回車
New password: <– 設置root用戶的密碼
Re-enter new password: <– 再輸入一次你設置的密碼

4. 其他配置

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除匿名用戶，回車
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root遠程登錄,回車,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除test數據庫，回車
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加載權限表，回車

mariadb字符集配置(重點)

文件/etc/my.cnf配置

1. 命令

vi /etc/my.cnf

此處直接給出完整的文件，自己對照[mysqld]標簽下的不同

# Example MariaDB config file for very large systems.
#
# This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly
# MariaDB.
#
# MariaDB programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, do:
# 'my_print_defaults --help' and see what is printed under
# Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
# More information at: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password       = your_password
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Here follows entries for some specific programs# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 384M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8# Point the following paths to a dedicated disk
#tmpdir         = /tmp/# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id       = 1# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =   <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =   <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =   <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
#
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 100M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

全部配置完成，重啟mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

如果重啟不成功，在日志文件里查看錯誤信息

cd var/log/mariadb

這個目錄下有mariadb日志文件，騰訊云和本地的文件名稱不一樣，但都在這個目錄下，自己去看

MariaDB查看字符集

show variables like "%character%"

配置好的結果如下

3、添加用戶，設置權限

創建用戶命令

mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password';

直接創建用戶并授權的命令

mysql>grant all on . to username@localhost indentified by 'password';

授予外網登陸權限

mysql>grant all privileges on . to username@'%' identified by 'password';

授予權限并且可以授權

mysql>grant all privileges on . to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;