實現實時對海康威視攝像頭進行取流的大致思路：攝像頭做端口映射（安裝攝像頭的師傅一般都會），做了映射之后就可以通過IP+端口的形式在瀏覽器中進行攝像頭的實時瀏覽，這種是海康威視自己就帶有的方式，不能嵌入到自研的系統，視頻流畫面實現嵌入自研系統，需要在滿足以上的前提下，使用webrtc-streamer進行推流，然后在vue2中進行接流，渲染到頁面中

一、環境準備

需要具備的前提條件，設備可在網頁端進行瀏覽，且做以下設置

至此攝像頭設置已完成，接下來需要獲取攝像頭設備所在IP的rtsp鏈接，海康攝像頭的rtsp鏈接獲取見官方說明：海康威視攝像頭取流說明
可以使用VLC取流軟件進行驗證rtsp鏈接是否是通的VLC官方下載地址




至此準備工作就完成了，接下來就是敲代碼進行集成階段了

二、代碼集成

1.1 準備webrtcstreamer.js，粘貼即用，不用做任何修改

var WebRtcStreamer = (function() {/** * Interface with WebRTC-streamer API* @constructor* @param {string} videoElement - id of the video element tag* @param {string} srvurl -  url of webrtc-streamer (default is current location)
*/
var WebRtcStreamer = function WebRtcStreamer (videoElement, srvurl) {if (typeof videoElement === "string") {this.videoElement = document.getElementById(videoElement);} else {this.videoElement = videoElement;}this.srvurl           = srvurl || location.protocol+"//"+window.location.hostname+":"+window.location.port;this.pc               = null;    this.mediaConstraints = { offerToReceiveAudio: true, offerToReceiveVideo: true };this.iceServers = null;this.earlyCandidates = [];
}WebRtcStreamer.prototype._handleHttpErrors = function (response) {if (!response.ok) {throw Error(response.statusText);}return response;
}/** * Connect a WebRTC Stream to videoElement * @param {string} videourl - id of WebRTC video stream* @param {string} audiourl - id of WebRTC audio stream* @param {string} options  -  options of WebRTC call* @param {string} stream   -  local stream to send* @param {string} prefmime -  prefered mime
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.connect = function(videourl, audiourl, options, localstream, prefmime) {this.disconnect();// getIceServers is not already receivedif (!this.iceServers) {console.log("Get IceServers");fetch(this.srvurl + "/api/getIceServers").then(this._handleHttpErrors).then( (response) => (response.json()) ).then( (response) =>  this.onReceiveGetIceServers(response, videourl, audiourl, options, localstream, prefmime)).catch( (error) => this.onError("getIceServers " + error ))} else {this.onReceiveGetIceServers(this.iceServers, videourl, audiourl, options, localstream, prefmime);}
}/** * Disconnect a WebRTC Stream and clear videoElement source
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.disconnect = function() {		if (this.videoElement?.srcObject) {this.videoElement.srcObject.getTracks().forEach(track => {track.stop()this.videoElement.srcObject.removeTrack(track);});}if (this.pc) {fetch(this.srvurl + "/api/hangup?peerid=" + this.pc.peerid).then(this._handleHttpErrors).catch( (error) => this.onError("hangup " + error ))try {this.pc.close();}catch (e) {console.log ("Failure close peer connection:" + e);}this.pc = null;}
}    WebRtcStreamer.prototype.filterPreferredCodec = function(sdp, prefmime) {const lines = sdp.split('\n');const [prefkind, prefcodec] = prefmime.toLowerCase().split('/');let currentMediaType = null;let sdpSections = [];let currentSection = [];// Group lines into sectionslines.forEach(line => {if (line.startsWith('m=')) {if (currentSection.length) {sdpSections.push(currentSection);}currentSection = [line];} else {currentSection.push(line);}});sdpSections.push(currentSection);// Process each sectionconst processedSections = sdpSections.map(section => {const firstLine = section[0];if (!firstLine.startsWith('m=' + prefkind)) {return section.join('\n');}// Get payload types for preferred codecconst rtpLines = section.filter(line => line.startsWith('a=rtpmap:'));const preferredPayloads = rtpLines.filter(line => line.toLowerCase().includes(prefcodec)).map(line => line.split(':')[1].split(' ')[0]);if (preferredPayloads.length === 0) {return section.join('\n');}// Modify m= line to only include preferred payloadsconst mLine = firstLine.split(' ');const newMLine = [...mLine.slice(0,3), ...preferredPayloads].join(' ');// Filter related attributesconst filteredLines = section.filter(line => {if (line === firstLine) return false;if (line.startsWith('a=rtpmap:')) {return preferredPayloads.some(payload => line.startsWith(`a=rtpmap:${payload}`));}if (line.startsWith('a=fmtp:') || line.startsWith('a=rtcp-fb:')) {return preferredPayloads.some(payload => line.startsWith(`a=${line.split(':')[0].split('a=')[1]}:${payload}`));}return true;});return [newMLine, ...filteredLines].join('\n');});return processedSections.join('\n');
}/*
* GetIceServers callback
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.onReceiveGetIceServers = function(iceServers, videourl, audiourl, options, stream, prefmime) {this.iceServers       = iceServers;this.pcConfig         = iceServers || {"iceServers": [] };try {            this.createPeerConnection();let callurl = this.srvurl + "/api/call?peerid=" + this.pc.peerid + "&url=" + encodeURIComponent(videourl);if (audiourl) {callurl += "&audiourl="+encodeURIComponent(audiourl);}if (options) {callurl += "&options="+encodeURIComponent(options);}if (stream) {this.pc.addStream(stream);}// clear early candidatesthis.earlyCandidates.length = 0;	// create Offerthis.pc.createOffer(this.mediaConstraints).then((sessionDescription) => {console.log("Create offer:" + JSON.stringify(sessionDescription));console.log(`video codecs:${Array.from(new Set(RTCRtpReceiver.getCapabilities("video")?.codecs?.map(codec => codec.mimeType)))}`)console.log(`audio codecs:${Array.from(new Set(RTCRtpReceiver.getCapabilities("audio")?.codecs?.map(codec => codec.mimeType)))}`)if (prefmime != undefined) {//set prefered codeclet [prefkind] = prefmime.split('/');if (prefkind != "video" && prefkind != "audio") {prefkind = "video";prefmime = prefkind + "/" + prefmime;}console.log("sdp:" + sessionDescription.sdp);sessionDescription.sdp = this.filterPreferredCodec(sessionDescription.sdp, prefmime);console.log("sdp:" + sessionDescription.sdp);}this.pc.setLocalDescription(sessionDescription).then(() => {fetch(callurl, { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify(sessionDescription) }).then(this._handleHttpErrors).then( (response) => (response.json()) ).catch( (error) => this.onError("call " + error )).then( (response) =>  this.onReceiveCall(response) ).catch( (error) => this.onError("call " + error ))}, (error) => {console.log ("setLocalDescription error:" + JSON.stringify(error)); });}, (error) => { alert("Create offer error:" + JSON.stringify(error));});} catch (e) {this.disconnect();alert("connect error: " + e);}	    
}WebRtcStreamer.prototype.getIceCandidate = function() {fetch(this.srvurl + "/api/getIceCandidate?peerid=" + this.pc.peerid).then(this._handleHttpErrors).then( (response) => (response.json()) ).then( (response) =>  this.onReceiveCandidate(response)).catch( (error) => this.onError("getIceCandidate " + error ))
}/*
* create RTCPeerConnection 
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.createPeerConnection = function() {console.log("createPeerConnection  config: " + JSON.stringify(this.pcConfig));this.pc = new RTCPeerConnection(this.pcConfig);let pc = this.pc;pc.peerid = Math.random();			pc.onicecandidate = (evt) => this.onIceCandidate(evt);pc.onaddstream    = (evt) => this.onAddStream(evt);pc.oniceconnectionstatechange = (evt) => {  console.log("oniceconnectionstatechange  state: " + pc.iceConnectionState);if (this.videoElement) {if (pc.iceConnectionState === "connected") {this.videoElement.style.opacity = "1.0";}			else if (pc.iceConnectionState === "disconnected") {this.videoElement.style.opacity = "0.25";}			else if ( (pc.iceConnectionState === "failed") || (pc.iceConnectionState === "closed") )  {this.videoElement.style.opacity = "0.5";} else if (pc.iceConnectionState === "new") {this.getIceCandidate();}}}pc.ondatachannel = function(evt) {  console.log("remote datachannel created:"+JSON.stringify(evt));evt.channel.onopen = function () {console.log("remote datachannel open");this.send("remote channel openned");}evt.channel.onmessage = function (event) {console.log("remote datachannel recv:"+JSON.stringify(event.data));}}try {let dataChannel = pc.createDataChannel("ClientDataChannel");dataChannel.onopen = function() {console.log("local datachannel open");this.send("local channel openned");}dataChannel.onmessage = function(evt) {console.log("local datachannel recv:"+JSON.stringify(evt.data));}} catch (e) {console.log("Cannor create datachannel error: " + e);}	console.log("Created RTCPeerConnnection with config: " + JSON.stringify(this.pcConfig) );return pc;
}/*
* RTCPeerConnection IceCandidate callback
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.onIceCandidate = function (event) {if (event.candidate) {if (this.pc.currentRemoteDescription)  {this.addIceCandidate(this.pc.peerid, event.candidate);					} else {this.earlyCandidates.push(event.candidate);}} else {console.log("End of candidates.");}
}WebRtcStreamer.prototype.addIceCandidate = function(peerid, candidate) {fetch(this.srvurl + "/api/addIceCandidate?peerid="+peerid, { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify(candidate) }).then(this._handleHttpErrors).then( (response) => (response.json()) ).then( (response) =>  {console.log("addIceCandidate ok:" + response)}).catch( (error) => this.onError("addIceCandidate " + error ))
}/*
* RTCPeerConnection AddTrack callback
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.onAddStream = function(event) {console.log("Remote track added:" +  JSON.stringify(event));this.videoElement.srcObject = event.stream;let promise = this.videoElement.play();if (promise !== undefined) {promise.catch((error) => {console.warn("error:"+error);this.videoElement.setAttribute("controls", true);});}
}/*
* AJAX /call callback
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.onReceiveCall = function(dataJson) {console.log("offer: " + JSON.stringify(dataJson));let descr = new RTCSessionDescription(dataJson);this.pc.setRemoteDescription(descr).then(() =>  { console.log ("setRemoteDescription ok");while (this.earlyCandidates.length) {let candidate = this.earlyCandidates.shift();this.addIceCandidate(this.pc.peerid, candidate);				}this.getIceCandidate()}, (error) => { console.log ("setRemoteDescription error:" + JSON.stringify(error)); });
}	/*
* AJAX /getIceCandidate callback
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.onReceiveCandidate = function(dataJson) {console.log("candidate: " + JSON.stringify(dataJson));if (dataJson) {for (let i=0; i<dataJson.length; i++) {let candidate = new RTCIceCandidate(dataJson[i]);console.log("Adding ICE candidate :" + JSON.stringify(candidate) );this.pc.addIceCandidate(candidate).then( () =>      { console.log ("addIceCandidate OK"); }, (error) => { console.log ("addIceCandidate error:" + JSON.stringify(error)); } );}this.pc.addIceCandidate();}
}/*
* AJAX callback for Error
*/
WebRtcStreamer.prototype.onError = function(status) {console.log("onError:" + status);
}return WebRtcStreamer;
})();if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && typeof window.document !== 'undefined') {window.WebRtcStreamer = WebRtcStreamer;
}
if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && typeof module.exports !== 'undefined') {module.exports = WebRtcStreamer;
}

1.2 封裝視頻組件，在需要視頻的地方引入此封裝的視頻組件即可，也是粘貼即用，注意其中import的webrtcstreamer.js的地址替換為自己的

<template><div class="rtsp_video_container"><div v-if="videoUrls.length === 1" class="rtsp_video single-video"><video :id="'video_0'" controls autoPlay muted width="100%" height="100%" style="object-fit: fill"></video></div><div v-if="videoUrls.length >1" v-for="(videoUrl, index) in videoUrls" :key="index" class="rtsp_video"><video :id="'video_' + index" controls autoPlay muted width="100%" height="100%" style="object-fit: fill"></video></div></div>
</template><script>import WebRtcStreamer from '../untils/webrtcstreamer'; // 注意此處替換為webrtcstreamer.js所在的路徑export default {name: 'RtspVideo',props: {videoUrls: {type: Array,required: true,}},data() {return {cameraIp: 'localhost:8000', // 這里的IP固定為本地，不要修改，是用來與本地的webrtc-streamer插件進行通訊的，見文章1.3webRtcServers: [],  // 存儲 WebRtcStreamer 實例};},mounted() {this.initializeStreams();},watch: {// 監聽 videoUrls 或 cameraIp 的變化，重新初始化流videoUrls: {handler(newUrls, oldUrls) {if (newUrls.length !== oldUrls.length || !this.isSameArray(newUrls, oldUrls)) {this.resetStreams();this.initializeStreams();}},deep: true,},cameraIp(newIp, oldIp) {if (newIp !== oldIp) {this.resetStreams();this.initializeStreams();}}},methods: {// 初始化視頻流連接initializeStreams() {if (this.webRtcServers.length === 0) {this.videoUrls.forEach((videoUrl, index) => {const videoElement = document.getElementById(`video_${index}`);const webRtcServer = new WebRtcStreamer(videoElement, `http://${this.cameraIp}`);this.webRtcServers.push(webRtcServer);webRtcServer.connect(videoUrl, null, 'rtptransport=tcp', null);});}},// 檢查新舊數組是否相同isSameArray(arr1, arr2) {return arr1.length === arr2.length && arr1.every((value, index) => value === arr2[index]);},// 清除 WebRtcStreamer 實例resetStreams() {this.webRtcServers.forEach((webRtcServer) => {if (webRtcServer) {webRtcServer.disconnect(); // 斷開連接}});this.webRtcServers = []; // 清空實例},},beforeDestroy() {this.resetStreams();  // 頁面銷毀時清理 WebRtcStreamer 實例，避免內存泄漏},
};
</script><style lang="less" scoped>
.rtsp_video_container {display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;gap: 10px;justify-content: space-between;
}.rtsp_video {flex: 1 1 48%;height: 225px;max-width: 48%;background: #000;border-radius: 8px;overflow: hidden;
}.single-video {flex: 1 1 100%;height: 100%;max-width: 100%;background: #000;
}video {width: 100%;height: 100%;object-fit: cover;
}
</style>

父組件中進行此視頻組件的引用示例：

<template><div style="margin-top: 10px;width: 100%;height: 100%;"><rtsp-video :videoUrls="selectedUrls" :key="selectedUrls.join(',')"></rtsp-video></div>
</template>import RtspVideo from "../views/video";
components: {RtspVideo
}data(){return{selectedUrls: ['rtsp://user:password@x.x.x.x:xxxx/Streaming/Channels/101','rtsp://user:password@x.x.x.x:xxxx/Streaming/Channels/201'],}      
}

1.3 以上完成之后，需要觀看視頻的本地PC設備啟動webrtc-streamer插件

webrtc-streamer插件下載webrtc-streamer

下載解壓完成之后，其中的exe和js是配套的，插件腳本在webrtc-streamer-v0.8.13-dirty-Windows-AMD64-Release\bin目錄下，對應的webrtcstreamer.js在webrtc-streamer-v0.8.13-dirty-Windows-AMD64-Release\share\webrtc-streamer\html目錄下，只需要webrtc-streamer.exe和webrtcstreamer.js即可，也可以直接用博主在上面提供的，切記一定要配套，不然可能畫面取不出。

實現效果圖見下：

至此海康威視實時視頻預覽功能已完成，寫作不易，如果對您有幫助，懇請保留一個贊。