The last twelve months have brought us a presidential impeachment trial, the coronavirus pandemic, sweeping racial justice protests triggered by the death of George Floyd, and a critical presidential election. News coverage of these events shapes popular reaction and popular reaction shapes policy. But until recently, people haven’t had the data to talk about news coverage.

在過去的十二個月中，我們進行了總統彈trial審判，冠狀病毒大流行，喬治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)逝世引發的全面種族主義抗議，以及關鍵的總統選舉。 這些事件的新聞報道影響著民眾的React，而民眾的React也影響著政策。 但是直到最近，人們還沒有關于新聞報道的數據。

How much coverage does Trump receive compared to Biden? How did this change when coronavirus and the George Floyd protests came into the picture? Now, just weeks before a historic election, what is front and center in the news?

與拜登市相比，特朗普可以獲得多少承保？ 當冠狀病毒和喬治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)抗議活動出現時，這種情況如何變化？ 現在，就在歷史性大選前幾周，新聞的前沿和中心是什么？

Previously, acquiring data about cable news content meant meticulously and manually coding hours of news coverage by hand. The Stanford Cable TV News Analyzer provides easy access to this information by giving you the ability to not just search transcripts, but also compute the screen time of public figures in nearly 24–7 broadcasts from CNN, Fox News, and MSNBC.

以前，獲取有關有線新聞內容的數據意味著手工精心地手工編碼新聞報道的小時數。 斯坦福有線電視新聞分析器使您不僅可以搜索成績單，還可以計算來自CNN，Fox News和MSNBC的近24-7廣播中公眾人物的放映時間，從而可以輕松訪問此信息。

Let’s take a closer look at what cable news has talked about in 2020.

讓我們仔細看看2020年有線新聞談論了什么。

我們在彈trial審判之前，期間和之后談論了特朗普……直到冠狀病毒出現 (We talked about Trump before, during, and after the impeachment trial… until the coronavirus came along)

In early 2020, mentions of “Trump” (red line in the graph above) were high before, during, and after President Trump’s senate impeachment trial (Jan 16 to Feb 5). However, the emergence of coronavirus (green) coincided with a significant drop in mentions of “Trump”. Trump mentions have still not returned to their February levels.

在2020年初，特朗普總統參議院彈each案審判(1月16日至2月5日)之前，期間和之后，都提到“特朗普”(上圖中的紅線)。 但是，冠狀病毒(綠色)的出現與“特朗普”的提及大幅下降同時發生。 特朗普的提及仍未回到2月份的水平。

2020年的最大高峰與拜登有關 (The biggest spikes of 2020 are related to Biden)

Joe Biden’s dominance of the Super Tuesday races in early March, and his nomination of Kamala Harris as VP running mate in mid August, led to spikes in mentions of “Biden” (blue) that exceeded the daily keyword counts of other major events. (These spikes occurred on all three channels.) Also evident is the near disappearance of “Biden” mentions in late March as the coronavirus took hold around the country.

喬·拜登(Joe Biden)在3月初的“超級星期二”比賽中獨占min頭，并在8月中旬提名卡馬拉·哈里斯(Kamala Harris)擔任跑步副隊長，導致提到“拜登”(藍色)的人數激增，超過了其他重大賽事的每日關鍵詞數量。 (這些尖峰出現在所有三個通道上 。)3月底，隨著冠狀病毒在全國各地蔓延，“拜登”提到的內容幾乎消失了。

種族不公正現象在6月初成為新聞焦點，然后逐漸消失 (Racial injustice dominated the news in early June, then faded)

Mentions of words related to racial injustice and the George Floyd protests in late May/early June (yellow) reached a peak in early June that was higher than that of coronavirus at any point in 2020. Words related to this topic still get mentioned at a much higher rate than prior to the protests, but have been slowly declining since.

與種族不公有關的言論以及5月下旬/ 6月上旬(黃色)的喬治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)抗議活動在6月初達到頂峰，在2020年的任何時候都高于冠狀病毒。比抗議前的比率高得多，但此后一直在緩慢下降。

誰在談論誰在屏幕上 (Who is talked about vs. who is on screen)

The graph above showed how often “Trump” and “Biden” were mentioned in cable news transcripts — the amount of time their face appears on screen paints a different picture. While mentions of “Trump” were low during the initial wave of coronavirus coverage in March and April, Trump’s face was on screen more than at any time in his presidency during this period due to the White House’s daily coronavirus briefings.

上圖顯示了有線電視新聞記錄中“特朗普”和“拜登”被提及的頻率-他們的臉出現在屏幕上的時間描繪了一幅不同的圖畫。 在三月和四月的第一輪冠狀病毒報道期間，對“特朗普”的提及很少，但特朗普當選總統的臉比任何時候都多 在此期間，由于白宮每天都會發布冠狀病毒簡報。

自己嘗試一下 (Try it out yourself)

The Stanford TV News Analyzer provides an easy way to measure the representation of people and events on cable news. The site is updated with the latest broadcasts each day, and now includes near 24–7 broadcasts of CNN, Fox News, and MSNBC beginning on January 1, 2010 (over 270,000 hours of video). We encourage you to use its transcript search and screen time measurement features to ask your own questions, like:

斯坦福電視新聞分析器提供了一種簡便的方法來衡量有線新聞中人物和事件的代表性。 該網站每天都會更新為最新廣播，現在包括從2010年1月1日開始的近24–7次CNN，Fox News和MSNBC廣播(超過270,000個小時的視頻)。 我們鼓勵您使用其筆錄搜索和屏幕時間測量功能來提出自己的問題，例如：

• Does coverage of political candidates lead or lag the polls?

  政治候選人的報道是領先還是落后于民意調查？

• On which channels do controversial phrases like “Chinese coronavirus” first appear? (Tucker Carlson was first on January 23rd, but anchors on all three channels used the term in the same week).

  有爭議的短語(例如“中國冠狀病毒”)首先出現在哪些渠道？ (塔克·卡爾森(Tucker Carlson)最早是在1月23日，但所有三個頻道的主持人在同一周都使用了該術語)。

• What is the breakdown of screen time by gender on the most popular cable news programs?
  在最受歡迎的有線新聞節目中，按性別細分的屏幕時間是多少？

We invite you to our Getting Started page and our explainer article to learn more about how to measure the contents of cable news yourself.

我們邀請您訪問“ 入門”頁面和解釋文章，以了解有關如何自己衡量有線新聞內容的更多信息。

In the coming weeks we will be releasing a series of analyses that use the Stanford Cable TV Analyzer to inspect issues such as gender representation on cable news and coverage of the upcoming 2020 election. For now, you can find more information about our mission and the Stanford Cable TV News Analyzer on our Frequently Asked Questions page, and our technical report.

在未來幾周內，我們將發布一系列使用斯坦福有線電視分析儀的分析報告，以檢查諸如有線電視新聞中的性別代表以及即將到來的2020年大選的報道等問題。 目前，您可以在我們的常見問題頁面和技術報告中找到有關我們的使命和斯坦福有線電視新聞分析器的更多信息。

We understand that the Stanford Cable TV News Analyzer is only as powerful as the questions that people answer with it. So journalists, media critics, and armchair data scientists out there… we want to work with you to get to the bottom of things. We are excited to enable you to approach news analysis and news monitoring in a large-scale and data-driven way.

我們了解到，斯坦福有線電視新聞分析器的功能與人們用它回答的問題一樣強大。 因此，記者，媒體評論家和扶手椅數據科學家在那里……我們希望與您一起深入淺出。 我們很高興能夠使您以大規模和數據驅動的方式進行新聞分析和新聞監視。

我們的隊伍 (Our Team)

Student research assistants, Stanford University: James Hong (student lead), Jacob Ritchie, Jeremy Barenholtz, Will Crichton, Daniel Fu, Ben Hannel, Michaela Murray, Xinwei Yao, Haotian Zhang

斯坦福大學學生研究助理：詹姆斯·洪(學生主任)，雅各布·里奇，杰里米·巴倫霍茲，威爾·克萊頓，丹尼爾·富，本·漢納爾，米歇拉·默里，姚新偉，張皓天

Maneesh Agrawala: Forest Baskett Professor Computer Science and Director of the Brown Institute for Media Innovation at Stanford University

Maneesh Agrawala ：Forest Baskett計算機科學教授，斯坦福大學布朗媒體創新研究所所長

Kayvon Fatahalian: Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Stanford University

Kayvon Fatahalian ：斯坦福大學計算機科學助理教授

Geraldine Moriba: Journalist, documentary filmmaker, broadcast news executive, and former John S. Knight Journalism fellow

杰拉爾丁·莫里巴(Geraldine Moriba)：新聞記者，紀錄片制片人，廣播新聞執行官，前約翰·奈特新聞工作者

Acknowledgments: The Stanford Cable TV News Analyzer is a collaboration between Stanford University’s Computer Science Department, the Brown Institute for Media Innovation, and the Internet Archive.

致謝：斯坦福有線電視新聞分析器是由斯坦福大學計算機科學系， 布朗媒體創新研究所 和 Internet檔案館之間的合作 。