web操作系統開發的

If you're new to web development and are in the market for a new laptop, you might be wondering which operating system is best.

如果您是Web開發的新手，并且正在購買新的筆記本電腦，您可能想知道哪種操作系統是最好的。

Spoiler: there is no straightforward answer. One person's preference might not be the best fit for you.

劇透：沒有簡單的答案。 一個人的喜好可能不是最適合您的。

Unlike some iOS or some types of application development, the tools for web development are all operating system agnostic. You can write HTML, CSS, and JavaScript on Windows, Mac, Linux, and even ChromeOS if you're willing to get a bit creative.

與某些iOS或某些類型的應用程序開發不同，Web開發工具與操作系統無關。 如果您愿意有所創新，可以在Windows，Mac，Linux甚至ChromeOS上編寫HTML，CSS和JavaScript。

So while you won't find a definitive answer in this article, here are a few pros and cons for each of the three major operating systems, Windows, Mac, and Linux.

因此，盡管您在本文中找不到確切的答案，但以下是針對三種主要操作系統(Windows，Mac和Linux)的優缺點。

視窗 (Windows)

Windows is easily the most popular OS in terms of market share, with an estimated 87.89% of PCs running some form of the operating system. Windows devices also tend to be cheaper and more configurable than Apple devices.

就市場份額而言，Windows無疑是最受歡迎的操作系統， 估計有87.89％的PC運行某種形式的操作系統。 Windows設備也往往比Apple設備便宜和可配置。

Some people have trouble with doing more advanced development with Windows, like getting Docker containers to run, trouble with Node and npm, and so on. One reason for this is that the default command line utility for Windows is PowerShell, which is quite different than Bash found on most servers that run Linux.

有些人在使用Windows進行更高級的開發時遇到了麻煩，例如使Docker容器運行，Node和npm出現問題等。 原因之一是Windows的默認命令行實用程序是PowerShell，它與大多數運行Linux的服務器上的Bash完全不同。

But for basic web development, all you really need is an editor like VSCode, which is another Microsoft product.

但是對于基本的Web開發，您真正需要的只是一個編輯器，例如VSCode，這是另一個Microsoft產品。

Recently Microsoft has been embracing open source technologies, and allow you to install things like a Bash terminal with Windows Subsystem for Linux. These advances should further close the gap between the Windows and Unix based OSs like MacOS and Linux.

最近，Microsoft一直在接受開源技術，并允許您使用Windows Subsystem for Linux安裝Bash終端之類的東西。 這些進步將進一步縮小Windows和MacOS和Linux等基于Unix的操作系統之間的差距。

蘋果系統 (MacOS)

Computers running MacOS make up about 9.68% of the total market share, which has been growing slowly over the past decade.

運行MacOS的計算機約占總市場份額的9.68％ ，在過去十年中增長緩慢。

While Apple computers tend to be more expensive than those running Windows, many swear by their build quality and the flexibility of the BSD Unix based MacOS. For web developers, especially those that work with the backend, MacOS is close enough to Linux that many servers run on, making development easier to jump into.

盡管蘋果計算機的價格往往比運行Windows的計算機貴，但許多計算機還是以其制造質量和基于BSD Unix的MacOS的靈活性發誓。 對于Web開發人員，尤其是與后端一起工作的Web開發人員，MacOS與運行許多服務器的Linux足夠接近，從而使開發人員更容易進入。

One of the understated advantages that MacOS PCs have is that, with Windows running in a VM, they can run all major browsers for testing. If one of your goals as a web developer is to shoot for complete compatibility, the ability to test your projects in Chrome, Firefox Safari, Opera, Internet Explorer, and Edge is a big plus.

MacOS PC的低調優勢之一是，由于Windows在VM中運行，因此它們可以運行所有主要的瀏覽器進行測試。 如果您作為網絡??開發人員的目標之一是為獲得完全的兼容性而射擊，那么能夠在Chrome，Firefox Safari，Opera，Internet Explorer和Edge中測試您的項目將是一大優勢。

的Linux (Linux)

Linux is everywhere. It's what runs the web, with Unix and Unix-like OSs running on about 67% of all web servers as of 2016. Android, the most popular mobile OS in the world, is built on top of Linux.

Linux無處不在。 它是運行網絡的工具，截至2016年，Unix和類似Unix的操作系統在所有Web服務器上運行約67％ 。Android是世界上最流行的移動操作系統，基于Linux。

But desktop Linux only runs on about 1.72% of all desktop PCs, and has been slowly slipping over the years.

但是臺式機Linux僅可在所有臺式機上運行約1.72％ ，并且多年來一直在緩慢下滑。

That said, Linux is very popular among developers, who praise the OS for being free (both as in freedom and as in beer) and the ability to quickly install everything you need for your dev environment.

就是說，Linux在開發人員中非常流行，他們稱贊OS是免費的(既自由又啤酒)，并且能夠快速安裝開發環境所需的一切。

However, not all devices run well with Linux. The Linux kernel, distributions – unique operating systems that run the Linux kernel like Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Red Hat, and so on – and application developers are largely open source projects. This means they're largely supported by volunteers who work on these projects during their spare time.

但是，并非所有設備都能在Linux上正常運行。 Linux內核，發行版(運行Linux內核(如Ubuntu，Linux Mint，Red Hat等)的獨特操作系統)和應用程序開發人員基本上都是開源項目。 這意味著他們在很大程度上得到了在業余時間從事這些項目的志愿者的支持。

While many devices running Linux are considered secure because so many people review code and submit patches to fix new vulnerabilities, some hardware will not work out of the box. Make sure you do your research beforehand to see if the computer or components you buy are properly supported, or buy a device with a lot of support like a Lenovo Thinkpad or Dell XPS.

盡管許多運行Linux的設備被認為是安全的，因為有很多人查看代碼并提交補丁以修復新漏洞，但某些硬件將無法立即使用。 確保事先進行研究，以了解購買的計算機或組件是否受到正確支持，或者購買的設備如Lenovo Thinkpad或Dell XPS。

翻譯自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/which-operating-system-would-be-better-for-web-development/

web操作系統開發的