部分-鄉鎮第一師 (Sections — First Divisions of Townships)

The PLSS Townships are typically divided into 36 Sections (nominally one mile on a side), but in the national standard this feature is called the first division because Townships can be divided into non-section features. Most local governments, and even places where Townships are not sectionalized, the GIS attribute and feature will be called Sections or Section Number.

PLSS鄉鎮通常分為36個部分(每側名義上為一英里)，但是在國家標準中，此功能被稱為“第一個分區”，因為鄉鎮可以分為無節特征。 大多數地方政府，甚至是未劃分城鎮的地方，GIS屬性和功能都將稱為“分區”或“分區號”。

It is important to realize that not all townships are divided into sections and it is important to recognize the variations so you can identify these divisions correctly in land descriptions or in data use.

重要的是要意識到，并非所有城鎮都被劃分為多個部分，認識到變化非常重要，這樣您就可以在土地描述或數據使用中正確識別這些劃分。

First divisions do NOT overlap and all first divisions in a Township should completely cover or completely account for all area in a PLSS Township, except meandered water areas. Typically, sections are numbered in Boustrophedon order from 1 to 36, nominally defining one mile square areas. Boustrophedon meaning the numbers move across the township back and forth from east to west and then west to east much as oxen would plow the ground. However, as with most things cadastral, there are many exceptions, so just be aware that sections are not always numbered starting with 1 in the Northeast corner of the Township, there can be more than 36 sections in a township, section numbers can be duplicated, and sections can be “missing”.

第一個分區不要重疊，并且一個鄉鎮的所有第一個分區都應完全覆蓋或完全覆蓋PLSS鄉鎮的所有區域，除了蜿蜒的水域。 通常，區域按Boustrophedon順序編號，編號范圍為1到36，名義上定義了1平方英里的區域。 Boustrophedon意思是數字從小鎮上來回移動，從東到西，然后從西到東，就像牛耕地一樣。 但是，與大多數地籍一樣，也有很多例外，因此請注意，在鄉鎮的東北角，區并不總是從1開始編號，鄉鎮中可以有36個以上的區，可以重復的區號，部分可能會“丟失”。

Normally the GIS should have a place for the section number, a label field, and if the jurisdiction has non-sectionalized townships than an attribute for the type of first division, either as a code or text, and an indication as to whether the area has been surveyed or protracted is helpful. If the jurisdiction has large non-PLSS rectangular areas such as Land grants or water Bodies, it is helpful to included the survey status (surveyed or protracted or extended) so that if the rectangular PLSS areas are extended across the large land area, it can be symbolized or labeled as an index or extended grid and not part of the legal PLSS.

通常，GIS應該在分區號，標簽字段中放置一個地方，如果轄區中有未分區的鄉鎮，則應在第一分區類型的屬性上以代碼或文字形式顯示，并指??明該區域是否被調查或長期待測是有幫助的。 如果轄區具有較大的非PLSS矩形區域，例如土地贈款或水體，則包括調查狀態(調查，長期或擴展)是有幫助的，這樣，如果矩形PLSS區域擴展到整個陸地區域，則可以被符號化或標記為索引或擴展網格，而不是合法PLSS的一部分。

Some of the more frequently occurring First Division types that are not sections are shown Lots, Protracted (or Protraction) Blocks, and Quarter Townships. Examples of each are shown.

一些不是分區的更頻繁發生的“第一師”類型顯示為“地塊”，“按比例分攤”或“按比例分攤”。 顯示了每個示例。

Protraction Blocks or protracted Blocks are areas defined by the Bureau of Land management as a plan of survey. When a federal survey is executed in these areas the rectangular PLSS will follow the plan in the protraction diagram as closely as possible.

劃塊或劃塊是土地管理局定義為調查計劃的區域。 當在這些區域執行聯邦調查時，矩形PLSS將盡可能遵循比例圖中的計劃。

These townships were not sectionalized when the PLSS was first run. At a later date, the lands in these townships, which were originally Indian Reservation areas, were subdivided. The divisions were identified as lots not sections and they are not 1 mile by 1 mile.

最初運行PLSS時，未對這些鄉進行分區。 后來，這些鄉鎮的土地原先是印第安人保留區被細分了。 劃分被確定為地段而不是路段，并且它們不是1英里乘1英里。

It is not hard to find places in the PLSS with duplicated section numbers or irregularly defined section numbers. The main point is that the PLSS Township First Division, may or may not be a section and the dimensions will vary significantly from one mile by one mile. This further emphasizes the legal land description function of the PLSS. While it may look like a nice regular grid from an airplane, on the ground there a lot of exceptions. If you have an application that needs a regular guided cell, it is better to lay down a mathematical grid, than to rely on the PLSS divisions to be regularly spaced.

在PLSS中找到重復的節號或定義不正確的節號并不難。 要點是，PLSS鄉鎮第一分區可能是一個區間，也可能不是一個區間，其尺寸從一英里到一英里會有很大不同。 這進一步強調了PLSS的合法土地描述功能。 盡管它看起來像是一架飛機的規則網格，但在地面上卻有很多例外。 如果您的應用程序需要常規的引導單元，則最好放下數學網格，而不是依賴于PLSS劃分規則的間隔。