在QEMU硬件模擬器中運行開源鴻蒙OpenHarmony4.1的操作系統，無需實體開發板

作者	將狼才鯨
日期	2024-03-01

---

• 先下載源碼和編譯程序：

  • 查看 開源鴻蒙OpenHarmony4.1源碼下載、編譯，生成OHOS_Image可執行文件的最簡易流程

• 我準備在QEMU模擬器中運行ARM Cortex-M4的輕型開源鴻蒙系統

  • 官方支持的開發板和模擬器種類-編譯形態整體說明
  • 已支持的示例工程，Qemu模擬器: arm_mps2_an386、esp32、riscv32_virt、SmartL_E802
  • Qemu Arm Cortex-m4 mps2-an386 教程

• 在電腦上安裝QEMU模擬器軟件，可以在Windows下安裝，也可以在Linux發行版下安裝

  • Qemu安裝-QEMU Quick Emulator QEMU在Ubuntu下的安裝流程；是下載源碼后再編譯，編譯速度很慢，可以make只編譯ARM部分的，這樣編譯速度會快很多
    • …/configure --target-list=arm-softmmu,arm-linux-user
    • make -j4
    • sudo make install
  • 在Windows下的安裝流程更簡單
  • Windows的所有安裝包 安裝6.2.0及以上的版本都可以
  • 官網下載很慢，可以用國內網站下載 https://www.mydown.com/soft/172/726002172.shtml
  • Windows下安裝后手動配置好QEMU的環境變量，或者進入到D:\Program Files\qemu的目錄下打開CMD命令行界面

• Ubuntu回到OpenHarmony源碼根目錄下，使用命令行用QEMU模擬器運行開源鴻蒙系統

  • ./qemu-run --help
  • ./qemu-run -e out/arm_mps2_an386/qemu_mini_system_demo/OHOS_Image
  • qemu-run是個腳本，可以用文本文件打開，它里面也是調用的qemu-system-arm，并且傳入了需要的參數

• 這是開源鴻蒙在QEMU硬件模擬器中運行的結果，在網口時程序跑飛了，可能源碼中對QEMU Cortex-M4的適配有點問題，你也可以再嘗試一下別的QEMU開發板，步驟和上述流程一樣的：

jim@ubuntu:~/openHarmony$ ./qemu-run -e out/arm_mps2_an386/qemu_mini_system_demo/OHOS_Image
board: arm_mps2_an386Enter to start qemu[y/n]:entering kernel init...
LfsLowLevelInit: DiskPartition succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: PartitionFormat succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mount fs on '/littlefs' succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mkdir '/littlefs' succeed
tcpip_init start
*************Exception Information**************
Type      = 11
ThrdPid   = 25
Phase     = exc in task
FaultAddr = 0xabababab
Current task info:
Task name = (null)
Task ID   = 25
Task SP   = (nil)
Task ST   = 0x0
Task SS   = 0x0
Exception reg dump:
PC        = 0x2100e62a
LR        = 0x2101b045
SP        = 0x210b18e0
R0        = 0x210a725c
R1        = 0x200
R2        = 0x210a725c
R3        = 0x2108a9b3
R4        = 0x0
R5        = 0x0
R6        = 0x0
R7        = 0x210b18e8
R8        = 0x0
R9        = 0x0
R10       = 0x0
R11       = 0x0
R12       = 0xc8000000
PriMask   = 0x0
xPSR      = 0x610f0000
----- backtrace start -----
backtrace 0 -- lr = 0x21015178
backtrace 1 -- lr = 0x2101b044
backtrace 2 -- lr = 0x210235da
backtrace 3 -- lr = 0x210235e2
backtrace 4 -- lr = 0x2102379a
----- backtrace end -----
qemu: fatal: Lockup: can't escalate 3 to HardFault (current priority -1)R00=210b2ad0 R01=2109fa3f R02=210a18f8 R03=6c0da998
R04=00000000 R05=00000060 R06=00000018 R07=210b1708
R08=00000019 R09=000003e8 R10=218ba1e8 R11=00000000
R12=00000000 R13=210b1708 R14=210011db R15=21000fcc
XPSR=21030006 --C- T handler
s00=00000000 s01=00000000 d00=0000000000000000
s02=00000000 s03=00000000 d01=0000000000000000
s04=00000000 s05=00000000 d02=0000000000000000
s06=00000000 s07=00000000 d03=0000000000000000
s08=00000000 s09=00000000 d04=0000000000000000
s10=00000000 s11=00000000 d05=0000000000000000
s12=00000000 s13=00000000 d06=0000000000000000
s14=00000000 s15=00000000 d07=0000000000000000
s16=00000000 s17=00000000 d08=0000000000000000
s18=00000000 s19=00000000 d09=0000000000000000
s20=00000000 s21=00000000 d10=0000000000000000
s22=00000000 s23=00000000 d11=0000000000000000
s24=00000000 s25=00000000 d12=0000000000000000
s26=00000000 s27=00000000 d13=0000000000000000
s28=00000000 s29=00000000 d14=0000000000000000
s30=00000000 s31=00000000 d15=0000000000000000
FPSCR: 00000000
/home/jim/openHarmony/vendor/ohemu/qemu_mini_system_demo/qemu_run.sh: line 95: 50440 Aborted                 (core dumped) qemu-system-arm -M mps2-an386 -m 16M -kernel $elf_file $qemu_option -append "root=dev/vda or console=ttyS0" -nographic
jim@ubuntu:~/openHarmony$ 

• 在Windows的QEMU下可以用這個命令
  • qemu-system-arm -M mps2-an386 -cpu cortex-m4 -kernel OHOS_Image -serial stdio -nodefaults -nographic
  • 另外一個可供你參考的命令 qemu-system-arm -machine versatileab -cpu cortex-a9 -nographic -monitor null -semihosting -append ‘some program arguments’ -kernel program.axf

D:\Program Files\qemu>qemu-system-arm -M mps2-an386 -cpu cortex-m4 -kernel OHOS_Image -serial stdio -nodefaults -nographic
qemu-system-arm: warning: nic lan9118.0 has no peer
entering kernel init...
LfsLowLevelInit: DiskPartition succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: PartitionFormat succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mount fs on '/littlefs' succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mkdir '/littlefs' succeed
tcpip_init start
*************Exception Information**************
Type      = 11
ThrdPid   = 25
Phase     = exc in task
FaultAddr = 0xabababab
Current task info:
Task name = (null)
Task ID   = 25
Task SP   = (nil)
Task ST   = 0x0
Task SS   = 0x0
Exception reg dump:
PC        = 0x2100e62a
LR        = 0x2101b045
SP        = 0x210b18e0
R0        = 0x210a725c
R1        = 0x200
R2        = 0x210a725c
R3        = 0x2108a9b3
R4        = 0x0
R5        = 0x0
R6        = 0x0
R7        = 0x210b18e8
R8        = 0x0
R9        = 0x0
R10       = 0x0
R11       = 0x0
R12       = 0xc8000000
PriMask   = 0x0
xPSR      = 0x610f0000
----- backtrace start -----
backtrace 0 -- lr = 0x21015178
backtrace 1 -- lr = 0x2101b044
backtrace 2 -- lr = 0x210235da
backtrace 3 -- lr = 0x210235e2
backtrace 4 -- lr = 0x2102379a
----- backtrace end -----
qemu: fatal: Lockup: can't escalate 3 to HardFault (current priority -1)R00=210b2ad0 R01=2109fa3f R02=210a18f8 R03=6c0da998
R04=00000000 R05=00000060 R06=00000018 R07=210b1708
R08=00000019 R09=000003e8 R10=218ba1e8 R11=00000000
R12=00000000 R13=210b1708 R14=210011db R15=21000fcc
XPSR=21030006 --C- T handler
s00=00000000 s01=00000000 d00=0000000000000000
s02=00000000 s03=00000000 d01=0000000000000000
s04=00000000 s05=00000000 d02=0000000000000000
s06=00000000 s07=00000000 d03=0000000000000000
s08=00000000 s09=00000000 d04=0000000000000000
s10=00000000 s11=00000000 d05=0000000000000000
s12=00000000 s13=00000000 d06=0000000000000000
s14=00000000 s15=00000000 d07=0000000000000000
s16=00000000 s17=00000000 d08=0000000000000000
s18=00000000 s19=00000000 d09=0000000000000000
s20=00000000 s21=00000000 d10=0000000000000000
s22=00000000 s23=00000000 d11=0000000000000000
s24=00000000 s25=00000000 d12=0000000000000000
s26=00000000 s27=00000000 d13=0000000000000000
s28=00000000 s29=00000000 d14=0000000000000000
s30=00000000 s31=00000000 d15=0000000000000000
FPSCR: 00000000D:\Program Files\qemu>