查詢參數
常用:
q
?- 查詢字符串,必須的。fl
?- 指定返回那些字段內容,用逗號或空格分隔多個。start
?- 返回第一條記錄在完整找到結果中的偏移位置,0開始,一般分頁用。rows
?- 指定返回結果最多有多少條記錄,配合start來實現分頁。sort
?- 排序,格式:sort=<field name>+<desc|asc>[,<field name>+<desc|asc>]
。示例:(inStock desc, price asc)表示先 "inStock" 降序, 再 "price" 升序,默認是相關性降序。wt
?- (writer type)指定輸出格式,可以有 xml, json, php, phps。fq
?- (filter query)過慮查詢,作用:在q查詢符合結果中同時是fq查詢符合的,例如:q=mm&fq=date_time:[20081001 TO 20091031]
,找關鍵字mm,并且date_time是20081001到20091031之間的- 注意:solr查詢時間為UTC 格式(2013-04-25T22:22:12.000Z)
- 如:
timestamp:[*?TO?NOW]
createdate:[1976-03-06T23:59:59.999Z?TO?*]
createdate:[1995-12-31T23:59:59.999Z?TO?2007-03-06T00:00:00Z]
pubdate:[NOW-1YEAR/DAY?TO?NOW/DAY+1DAY]
createdate:[1976-03-06T23:59:59.999Z?TO?1976-03-06T23:59:59.999Z+1YEAR]
createdate:[1976-03-06T23:59:59.999Z/YEAR?TO?1976-03-06T23:59:59.999Z]
不常用:
defType
:q.op
?- 覆蓋schema.xml的defaultOperator(有空格時用"AND"還是用"OR"操作邏輯),一般默認指定df
?- 默認的查詢字段,一般默認指定qt
?- (query type)指定那個類型來處理查詢請求,一般不用指定,默認是standard。
其它:
indent
?- 返回的結果是否縮進,默認關閉,用?indent=true|on
?開啟,一般調試json,php,phps,ruby輸出才有必要用這個參數。version
- 查詢語法的版本,建議不使用它,由服務器指定默認值。
檢索運算符
:
?指定字段查指定值,如返回所有值:?
?表示單個任意字符的通配*
?表示多個任意字符的通配(不能在檢索的項開始使用*或者?符號)~
?表示模糊檢索,如檢索拼寫類似于"roam"的項這樣寫:roam~將找到形如foam和roams的單詞;roam~0.8,檢索返回相似度在0.8以上的記錄。 鄰近檢索,如檢索相隔10個單詞的"apache"和"jakarta","jakarta apache"~10^
?控制相關度檢索,如檢索jakarta apache,同時希望去讓"jakarta"的相關度更加好,那么在其后加上""符號和增量值,即jakarta4?apache- 布爾操作符
AND、||
- 布爾操作符
OR、&&
- 布爾操作符
NOT、!、-
(排除操作符不能單獨與項使用構成查詢) +
?存在操作符,要求符號"+"后的項必須在文檔相應的域中存在()
?用于構成子查詢[]
?包含范圍檢索,如檢索某時間段記錄,包含頭尾,date:[200707 TO 200710]{}
不包含范圍檢索,如檢索某時間段記錄,不包含頭尾,date:{200707 TO 200710}"
?轉義操作符,特殊字符包括+ - && || ! ( ) { } [ ] ^ " ~ * ? : "
示例
- 1. 查詢所有
http://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*
- 2. 限定返回字段
http://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*&fl=productId
表示:查詢所有記錄,只返回productId字段
- 3. 分頁
http://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*&fl=productId&rows=6&start=0
表示:查詢前六條記錄,只返回productId字段
- 4. 增加限定條件
http://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*&fl=productId&rows=6&start=0&fq=category:2002&fq=namespace:d&fl=productId+category&fq=en_US_city_i:1101
表示:查詢category=2002、en_US_city_i=110
以及namespace=d的前六條記錄,只返回productId和category字段
- 5. 添加排序
http://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*&fl=productId&rows=6&start=0&fq=category:2002&fq=namespace:d&sort=category_2002_sort_i+asc
表示:查詢category=2002以及namespace=d并按category_2002_sort_i
升序排序的前六條記錄,只返回productId字段
- 6. facet查詢
現實分組統計結果
http://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*&fl=productId&fq=category:2002&facet=true&facet.field=en_US_county_i&facet.field=en_US_hotelType_s&facet.field=price_p&facet.field=heatRange_ihttp://localhost:8080/solr/primary/select?q=*:*&fl=productId&fq=category:2002&facet=true&facet.field=en_US_county_i&facet.field=en_US_hotelType_s&facet.field=price_p&facet.field=heatRange_i&facet.query=price_p:[300.00000+TO+*]
facet ??
基本參數:
具體實例和用法參考:
參考:facet用法
group ?
查詢的url:
http://localhost:8080/solr/my_solr/select?q=province:湖&wt=xml&indent=true&rows=100&group=true&group.field=province&group.field=province&group.limit=20&group.ngroups=true
group=true:設置開啟分組查詢
group.field=province:設置分組字段
group.limit=20:設置分組后展示分組下數據量
group.ngroups=true:設置為true表示會返回分組的分組
下面是查詢結果:
- <response>??
- <lst?name="responseHeader">??
- <int?name="status">0</int>??
- <int?name="QTime">81</int>??
- <lst?name="params">??
- <str?name="q">province:湖</str>??
- <str?name="indent">true</str>??
- <str?name="group.limit">20</str>??
- <str?name="rows">100</str>??
- <str?name="group.ngroups">true</str>??
- <str?name="wt">xml</str>??
- <arr?name="group.field">??
- <str>province</str>??
- <str>province</str>??
- </arr>??
- <str?name="group">true</str>??
- </lst>??
- </lst>??
- <lst?name="grouped">??
- <lst?name="province">??
- <int?name="matches">13</int>??
- <int?name="ngroups">3</int>??
- <arr?name="groups">??
- <lst>??
- <str?name="groupValue">1</str>??
- <result?name="doclist"?numFound="1"?start="0">??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">10</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖1</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖1</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191400888401920</long>??
- </doc>??
- </result>??
- </lst>??
- <lst>??
- <str?name="groupValue">2</str>??
- <result?name="doclist"?numFound="11"?start="0">??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">11</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191406371405824</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">13</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191409744674816</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">14</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191412264402944</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">15</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191414894231552</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">16</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191417461145600</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">17</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191419842461696</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">18</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191422327586816</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">19</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191424609288192</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">20</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191431052787712</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">23</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191435711610880</long>??
- </doc>??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">30</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖2</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191428366336000</long>??
- </doc>??
- </result>??
- </lst>??
- <lst>??
- <str?name="groupValue">111</str>??
- <result?name="doclist"?numFound="1"?start="0">??
- <doc>??
- <str?name="id">111</str>??
- <str?name="province">湖111</str>??
- <str?name="suggestText">湖111</str>??
- <long?name="_version_">1535191723089592320</long>??
- </doc>??
- </result>??
- </lst>??
- </arr>??
- </lst>??
- <lst?name="province">...</lst>??
- </lst>??
- </response>??
suggest 聯想查詢
配置solrconfig.xml文件。
- <span?style="font-family:Microsoft?YaHei;font-size:12px;"><!--?suggest?配置?start?-->??
- ??<searchComponent?name="suggest"?class="solr.SuggestComponent">??
- ????<lst?name="suggester">??
- ??????<str?name="name">mySuggester</str>??
- ??????<str?name="lookupImpl">FuzzyLookupFactory</str>??????<!--?org.apache.solr.spelling.suggest.fst?-->??
- ??????<str?name="dictionaryImpl">DocumentDictionaryFactory</str>?????<!--?org.apache.solr.spelling.suggest.HighFrequencyDictionaryFactory?-->???
- ??????<!--?索引字段?-->??
- ??????<str?name="field">suggestText</str>??
- ??????<!--?索引的type?-->??
- ??????<str?name="suggestAnalyzerFieldType">suggestField</str>??
- ??????<str?name="buildOnStartup">false</str>??
- ????</lst>??
- ??</searchComponent>??
- ??
- ??<requestHandler?name="/suggest"?class="solr.SearchHandler"?startup="lazy">??
- ????<lst?name="defaults">??
- ??????<str?name="suggest">true</str>??
- ??????<str?name="suggest.count">10</str>??
- ????</lst>??
- ????<arr?name="components">??
- ??????<str>suggest</str>??
- ????</arr>??
- ??</requestHandler>??
- ?<!--?suggest?配置?end?--></span>??
配置field的name和type 需要和solrconfig中對應
- <span?style="font-family:Microsoft?YaHei;font-size:12px;"><field?name="suggestText"?type="suggestField"?indexed="true"?stored="true"/></span>??
- <span?style="font-family:Microsoft?YaHei;font-size:12px;">?<copyField?source="province"?dest="suggestText"/></span>??
- <span?style="font-family:Microsoft?YaHei;font-size:12px;"><fieldType?class="solr.TextField"?name="suggestField"??
- ????????positionIncrementGap="100">??
- ????????<analyzer>??
- ????????<tokenizer?class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>??
- ????????<filter?class="solr.StandardFilterFactory"/>??
- ????????<filter?class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>??
- ????????</analyzer>??
- ????</fieldType></span>??
http://localhost:8080/solr/my_solr/suggest?suggest=true&suggest.build=true&suggest.dictionary=mySuggester&suggest.count=3&wt=xml&suggest.q="湖"
suggest=true: 表示開啟suggest功能
suggest.build=true:
如果設置為true,這個請求會導致重建suggest索引。
這個字段一般用于初始化的操作中,在線上環境,一般不會每個請求都重建索引,如果線上你希望保持字典最新,最好使用buildOnCommit或者buildOnOptimize來操作。如:searchComponent中添加<str name="buildOnCommit">true</str>
suggest.dictionary=mySuggester:其中mySuggester是在searchComponent中配置的<str name="name">mySuggester</str>
suggest.q="湖":表示進行查詢建議的文本
suggest.count=3:表示返回的數據量
一般常用的就是這些屬性,具體詳情可以查看:http://www.cnblogs.com/yjf512/p/5166382.html
上述url最終返回結果如下:
- <response>??
- <lst?name="responseHeader">??
- <int?name="status">0</int>??
- <int?name="QTime">1</int>??
- </lst>??
- <lst?name="suggest">??
- <lst?name="mySuggester">??
- <lst?name=""湖"">??
- <int?name="numFound">3</int>??
- <arr?name="suggestions">??
- <lst>??
- <str?name="term">湖1</str>??
- <long?name="weight">0</long>??
- <str?name="payload"/>??
- </lst>??
- <lst>??
- <str?name="term">湖111</str>??
- <long?name="weight">0</long>??
- <str?name="payload"/>??
- </lst>??
- <lst>??
- <str?name="term">湖2</str>??
- <long?name="weight">0</long>??
- <str?name="payload"/>??
- </lst>??
- </arr>??
- </lst>??
- </lst>??
- </lst>??
- </response>??