1】 下載安裝
?????? httpd-2.2.15-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi ?? 網頁服務器
?????? 32-bit Windows zip??????????????????????????? tomcat
?????? mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.3.so ??????????? Apache/IIS 用來連接后臺Tomcat的模塊,支持集群和負載均衡
?????? JK 分為兩個版本 1,x 和 2.x ,其中 2.x 并不是最新的版本,它是 JK 的另外一個分支,后不知何因沒有繼續開發,因此2.x 版本已經廢棄
?????? 安裝httpd-2.2.15-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi 到指定目錄,我安裝的是C:\Program Files\Apache2.2,以后這個目錄將用Apache_Home代替
?????? 安裝tomcat,我是將兩個tomcat進行集群,所以安裝兩個tomcat,路徑分別為:F:\tomcat\tomcat1,F:\tomcat\tomcat2,以后這兩個目錄將用tomcat1_Home,tomcat2_Home代替
2】 配置Apache_Home\conf\httpd.conf
????? 在httpd.conf文件的最后一行寫入include "C:\Program Files\Apache2.2\conf\mod_jk.conf"
3】 配置mod_jk.conf文件
????? 在Apache_Home\conf下建立mod_jk.conf文件
????? 配置內容:
????? #加載mod_jk Module
???????? LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.3.so
???????? 將下載的 mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.3.so 文件放入到Apache_Home\modules下
????? # 配置 mod_jk
????? #加載集群中的workers
???????? JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
????? #加載workers的請求處理分配文件
???????? JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties
??? ? #指定jk的日志輸出文件
???????? JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
????? #指定日志級別
???????? JkLogLevel warn
???? #指定哪些請求交給tomcat處理,"controller"為在 workers.propertise里指定的負載分配控制器名
???????? JkMount /* controller
4】? 配置workers.propertise文件
?????? 在Apache_Home\conf下建立workers.propertise文件
?????? 配置內容:
?????? #server 列表
???????? worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
????? #========tomcat1========
????? #ajp13 端口號,在tomcat下server.xml配置,默認8009
??????? worker.tomcat1.port=8009
????? #tomcat的主機地址,如不為本機,請填寫ip地址
??????? worker.tomcat1.host=localhost
??????? worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
???? #server的加權比重,值越高,分得的請求越多
??????? worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
???? #========tomcat2========
???? #ajp13 端口號,在tomcat下server.xml配置,默認8009
?????? worker.tomcat2.port=9009
???? #tomcat的主機地址,如不為本機,請填寫ip地址
????? worker.tomcat2.host=localhost
????? worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
??? #server的加權比重,值越高,分得的請求越多
?????? worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
??? #========controller,負載均衡控制器========
??? #server名為controller,用于負載均衡
????? worker.controller.type=lb
?? #重試次數
????? worker.retries=3
?? #指定分擔請求的tomcat
???? worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
?? #粘性Session(默認是打開的) 當該屬性值=True(或1)時,代表Session是粘性的,即同一Session在集群中的同一個節點上處理,Session不跨越節點。在集群環境中,一般將該值設置為False
???? worker.controller.sticky_session=false
? #設置用于負載均衡的server的session可否共享 有不少文章說設置為1是可以的,也有設置為0才可以的
???? worker.controller.sticky_session=1
? #worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1
? #worker.status.type=status
5】 配置uriworkermap.properties文件
????? 在Apache_Home\conf下建立uriworkermap.properties文件
????? 配置內容:
???? #所有請求都由controller這個server處理
???? /*=controller
???? #所有包含jkstatus請求的都由status這個 server處理
???? #/jkstatus=status
???? #這里的"!”是“非”的意思。
???? !/*.gif=controller
???? !/*.jpg=controller
???? !/*.png=controller
???? !/*.css=controller
???? !/*.js=controller
???? !/*.htm=controller
???? !/*.html=controller
6】修改tomcat1_Home\conf\server.xml配置
????? Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8081 默認端口為8080,修改為8081
???? <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
?????????????? connectionTimeout="20000"
?????????????? redirectPort="8443" />
????? JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009 修改端口必須與workers.propertise文件內worker.tomcat1.port=8009一致
???? <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
???? 需要添加的內容:
??? <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"> ? <!--tomcat1將與tomcat2黏貼session 在這里指定黏貼對象-->
????? <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
????????? /docs/cluster-howto.html? (simple how to)
????????? /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
????? <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
???????????????? channelSendOptions="8">
????????? <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
?????????????????? expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
?????????????????? notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
????????? <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
??????????? <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
??????????????????????? address="228.0.0.4"
??????????????????????? port="45564"
??????????????????????? frequency="500"
??????????????????????? dropTime="3000"/>
??????????? <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
????????????????????? address="auto"
????????????????????? port="4000" ?
????????????????????? autoBind="100"
????????????????????? selectorTimeout="5000"
????????????????????? maxThreads="6"/>
??????????? <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
????????????? <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
??????????? </Sender>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
????????? </Channel>
????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
???????????????? filter=""/>
????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
????????? <!-- <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
??????????????????? tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
??????????????????? deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
??????????????????? watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
??????????????????? watchEnabled="false"/> -->
????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
??????? </Cluster>???
????? 上面部分如果需要詳細的說明可以看webapps\docs\cluster-howto.html
7】修改tomcat2_Home\conf\server.xml配置
????? Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8082 默認端口為8080,修改為8082
???? <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
?????????????? connectionTimeout="20000"
?????????????? redirectPort="8443" />
????? JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:9009 修改端口必須與workers.propertise文件內worker.tomcat2.port=9009一致
???? <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
???? 需要添加的內容:
??? <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"> ? <!--tomcat2將與tomcat1黏貼session 在這里指定黏貼對象-->
????? <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
????????? /docs/cluster-howto.html? (simple how to)
????????? /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
????? <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
???????????????? channelSendOptions="8">
????????? <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
?????????????????? expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
?????????????????? notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
????????? <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
??????????? <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
??????????????????????? address="228.0.0.4"
??????????????????????? port="45564"
??????????????????????? frequency="500"
??????????????????????? dropTime="3000"/>
??????????? <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
????????????????????? address="auto"
????????????????????? port="4001" ?
????????????????????? autoBind="100"
????????????????????? selectorTimeout="5000"
????????????????????? maxThreads="6"/>
??????????? <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
????????????? <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
??????????? </Sender>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
????????? </Channel>
????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
???????????????? filter=""/>
????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
????????? <!-- <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
??????????????????? tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
??????????????????? deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
??????????????????? watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
??????????????????? watchEnabled="false"/> -->
????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
??????? </Cluster>???
????? 上面部分如果需要詳細的說明可以看webapps\docs\cluster-howto.html
8】session黏貼(共享)方面,如果session中存放的為javabean,javabean必須實現Serializable接口,如果沒有實現會報錯誤 Exception thrown: class java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
9】補充:
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??????看到jameswxx的回復發現確實有欠妥的地方,現在進行改正
????? 在工程的web.xml文件內加入?<distributable/>??? 標簽
????? 標題名不夠準確,將原名稱“tomcat集群配置流程”更正為“基于apache的tomcat負載均衡和集群配置”
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