今天看到"基于apache的tomcat負載均衡和集群配置 "這篇文章成為javaEye熱點。
略看了一下,感覺太復雜,要配置的東西太多,因此在這里寫出一種更簡潔的方法。
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要集群tomcat主要是解決SESSION共享的問題,因此我利用memcached來保存session,多臺TOMCAT服務器即可共享SESSION了。
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你可以自己寫tomcat的擴展來保存SESSION到memcached。
這里推薦使用memcached-session-manager這個開源項目(http://code.google.com/p/memcached-session-manager/ ),下面簡稱msm。
如何安裝nginx、memcached、tomcat這些就不多說了。
先說明一下測試環境:
tomcat1、nginx、memcached安裝在192.168.1.11
tomcat2安裝在192.168.1.101
下面分步實現基于nginx的tomcat負載均衡和集群配置
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一,tomcat集群
??? 1,先下載msm及其依賴包
??? http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/memcached-session-manager-1.3.0.jar
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??? http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/msm-javolution-serializer-jodatime-1.3.0.jar
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http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/msm-javolution-serializer-cglib-1.3.0.jar
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http://spymemcached.googlecode.com/files/memcached-2.4.2.jar
http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
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2,將這5個包放到$TOMCAT_HOME/lib目錄下
3,修改$TOMCAT_HOME/conf/server.xml
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- <Context?docBase="E:/java_codes/TestSession/WebContent"?path=""?reloadable="true"?>??
- <Manager?className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"??
- ????memcachedNodes="n1:localhost:11211"??
- ????requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"??
- ????sessionBackupAsync="false"??
- ????sessionBackupTimeout="100"??
- ????transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"??
- ????copyCollectionsForSerialization="false"??
- ????/>??
- </Context>??
<Context docBase="E:/java_codes/TestSession/WebContent" path="" reloadable="true" > <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="n1:localhost:11211" requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$" sessionBackupAsync="false" sessionBackupTimeout="100" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory" copyCollectionsForSerialization="false" /> </Context>
?這里的memcachedNodes是填寫memcached節點,多個節點時可以以空隔分開,如:
?n1:localhost:11211 n2:localhost:11212
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?E:/java_codes/TestSession/WebContent 替換成你的WEB目錄
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? 修改后重啟兩個TOMCAT即可,這個時候已經解決SESSION的共享問題.
二,配置nginx實現負載均衡
?? 以我的nginx.conf為例
- #user??nobody; ??
- worker_processes??1; ??
- ??
- error_log??logs/error.log; ??
- ??
- events?{ ??
- ????worker_connections??1024; ??
- } ??
- ??
- ??
- http?{ ??
- ????include???????mime.types; ??
- ????default_type??application/octet-stream; ??
- ??
- ????sendfile????????on; ??
- ????keepalive_timeout??65; ??
- ??
- ????#gzip??on; ??
- ????upstream??www.docyeah.com???{ ??
- ??????????????server???192.168.1.11:8080; ??
- ??????????????server???192.168.1.101:8080; ??
- ????} ??
- ????server?{ ??
- ????????listen???????80; ??
- ????????server_name??www.docyeah.com; ??
- ????????charset?utf-8; ??
- ????????location?/?{ ??
- ????????????root???html; ??
- ????????????index??index.html?index.htm; ??
- ????????????proxy_pass????????http://www.docyeah.com; ??
- ????????????proxy_set_header??X-Real-IP??$remote_addr; ??
- ????????????client_max_body_size??100m; ??
- ????????} ??
- ??
- ??
- ????????location?~?^/(WEB-INF)/?{? ??
- ????????deny?all;? ??
- ????????}? ??
- ??
- ????????error_page???500?502?503?504??/50x.html; ??
- ????????location?=?/50x.html?{ ??
- ????????????root???html; ??
- ????????} ??
- ??
- ????} ??
- }??
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; error_log logs/error.log; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; upstream www.docyeah.com { server 192.168.1.11:8080; server 192.168.1.101:8080; } server { listen 80; server_name www.docyeah.com; charset utf-8; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://www.docyeah.com; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; client_max_body_size 100m; } location ~ ^/(WEB-INF)/ { deny all; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }
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將www.docyeah.com替換成你的域名
192.168.1.11和192.168.1.101替換成你服務器的IP
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OK,已經完成。啟動nginx即可。
這是我采用的負載均衡及集群方案,希望大家拍磚.
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ps:javaeye的編輯器有問題,代碼里加顏色后居然變亂了