Last month, I joined Facebook to work on Instagram DMs and as a way to pay it forward, I

上個月，我加入了Facebook，從事Instagram DM的工作，作為一種支付方式，我

Rather than tackle that question one-on-one, I decided to break down the strategy I took to preparing for my interviews.

我不是一一解決這個問題，而是決定打破為面試做準備的策略。

And given how industry-standard Facebook’s interview process is, I used the same strategy for numerous other companies and you certainly can as well.

考慮到Facebook面試過程的行業標準，我對許多其他公司使用了相同的策略，您當然也可以。

Facebook’s product design interview is largely made up of 4 parts:

Facebook的產品設計面試主要由四個部分組成：

• Portfolio Review

  投資組合審查

• App Critique

  應用批判

• Whiteboard Exercise

  白板練習

• Background Interview

  背景采訪

These interviews will be spread throughout the overall process, with some repeated twice with different interviewers.

這些采訪將分散在整個過程中，其中一些采訪將與不同的采訪者重復兩次。

投資組合審查 (Portfolio Review)

Also known as the “Past Work” interview within Facebook, you will be asked to go over 2–3 projects in detail.

在Facebook中也稱為“過去工作”采訪，您將被要求詳細研究2-3個項目。

準備幻燈片 (Prepare a slide deck)

The most obvious but needs to be said: do not simply walk through your online portfolio as it is not an effective medium for verbal storytelling.

最明顯但需要說的是： 不要簡單地瀏覽您的在線作品集，因為它不是口頭敘事的有效媒介。

In fact, your online portfolio and slide deck service very different needs and therefore should have very different structures. So dedicate the time to translate your work into a proper presentation.

實際上，您的在線產品組合和滑蓋服務的需求截然不同，因此其結構也應截然不同。 因此，請花時間將您的作品翻譯成適當的演示文稿。

完善您的敘述 (Perfect your narrative)

Your interviewers are not obligated to stay interested for the entire 30–45 minutes of your presentation. Maintain their attention by creating an engaging narrative.

您的面試官沒有義務對您演示文稿的整個30-45分鐘保持興趣。 通過創建引人入勝的故事來保持他們的注意力。

• Put your final designs first. Pull your audience in with an attractive final product and make them eager to trace the steps back with you.

  將最終設計放在第一位。 用吸引人的最終產品吸引觀眾，使他們渴望與您一起追溯歷史。

• Put your final metrics first. If your project met its success metrics, couple it with the final product slide mentioned above. Even if it didn’t ship, the fact that you’re presenting this work should mean there was a meaningful outcome, such as improvements in usability metrics.

  將最終指標放在第一位。 如果您的項目達到了成功指標，則將其與上述最終產品幻燈片一起使用。 即使沒有交付，您正在介紹這項工作的事實也應該意味著會有有意義的結果，例如可用性指標的改進。

• Be selective about showing process. Not every detail is worth mentioning, particularly those that demonstrate the minimum requirement of a designer’s job (ie brainstorming sessions, stakeholder management, early sketches). Instead, fixate on the turning points and key decisions made.

  對顯示過程有選擇性。 并非每個細節都值得一提，特別是那些說明設計師工作最低要求的細節(例如，集思廣益會議，利益相關者管理，早期草圖)。 相反，要注意轉折點和做出的關鍵決定。

編寫腳本 (Write a script)

Minimize friction for yourself by finding the right words to describe complex and ambiguous concepts beforehand.

通過事先找到合適的詞來描述復雜而模棱兩可的概念，可以最大程度地減少自己的摩擦。

Compose the exact words within the presenter notes for every single slide and check the following:

為每張幻燈片撰寫演講者備注中的確切字詞，然后檢查以下內容：

• Use colloquial words. You don’t talk like an SAT essay in real life so leave out your “aforementioned”s and “indubitably”s.

  用口語的話。 您在現實生活中不會像SAT論文那樣說話，因此請忽略您的“上述”和“不可置疑”的內容。

• Highlight the point of each slide. Make sure you’re originating from a single focus and constructing details around that focus. You may find that you need to break up some slides because you have too many points of focus or that you need to delete a slide because it has none.

  突出顯示每張幻燈片的要點。 確保您來自單一焦點，并圍繞該焦點構造細節。 您可能會發現由于焦點過多而需要分解一些幻燈片，或者因為沒有幻燈片而需要刪除它們。

• Practice your script. Record it, time it, listen for ebbs and flows, and hone it. Then rehearse it with friends and ask them direct questions like “Where did I lose you the most?”.

  練習腳本。 記錄下來，計時，聆聽潮起潮落并進行磨練。 然后與朋友一起排練，并問他們直接的問題，例如“我在哪里最失去了您？”。

• Finally, don’t actually read off the script. If you’ve carefully crafted and practiced your script, you don’t need to read off of it during the interview. In fact, you shouldn’t because you ultimately need to be engaged with your audience and be prepared to answer intermittent questions. But you will find that when you arrive at each slide, the words will flow through you easier as you’ve already chosen them ahead of time.

  最后，不要真正閱讀腳本。 如果您精心制作和練習了腳本，則在面試過程中無需閱讀該腳本。 實際上，您不應該這樣做，因為您最終需要與聽眾互動，并準備回答間歇性問題。 但是您會發現，當您到達每張幻燈片時，這些單詞將更容易流過您，因為您已經提前選擇了它們。

應用批判 (App Critique)

Facebook notably requests its candidates to critique a mobile app, although this same exercise at other companies can easily extend to desktop apps, service designs, and more.

Facebook尤其要求其候選人對移動應用程序進行評論，盡管其他公司的相同做法可以輕松地擴展到臺式機應用程序，服務設計等等。

選擇框架 (Choose a framework)

A successful app critique will need to be thorough and touch on nearly every facet of design. You will have a lot to cover and it can be difficult to remember which you’ve hit.

一個成功的應用程序評論將需要透徹并且涉及到設計的幾乎每個方面。 您將需要涉及很多內容，可能很難記住自己被擊中了哪個。

Nail down a framework that you feel comfortable with. You can choose one that you find or build your own, as long as it allows you to:

完善您熟悉的框架。 您可以選擇自己找到的一個或構建自己的，只要它允許您：

• Highlight both good and bad designs. And for the bad portions, always suggest solutions or improvements.

  突出設計的好壞 。 對于不良部分，請始終提出解決方案或改進措施。

• Consider all design perspectives: product strategy, content strategy, visual, interaction, motion, branding.

  考慮所有設計觀點：產品策略，內容策略，視覺，交互，動作，品牌。

• Demonstrate both high- and lower-level thinking. From company objectives to typography choices.

  展示高層次和低層次的思維。 從公司目標到版式選擇。

縮小一些應用程序的練習范圍 (Narrow down a few apps to practice)

You will want to practice and warm up your critical thinking muscles before your interview. But of all the apps that exist, use your time wisely by focusing on those that are most likely to be selected by your interviewer.

在面試之前，您將需要練習并鍛煉您的批判性思維肌肉。 但是在所有現有的應用程序中，請專注于最有可能由面試官選擇的應用程序，以明智地利用您的時間。

• To dogfood or not. Facebook and most larger companies will avoid asking you to critique apps that they made or own. Smaller companies, however, may intentionally choose their own product.

  要不要吃狗糧。 Facebook和大多數大型公司會避免要求您對自己制造或擁有的應用程序進行評論。 但是，較小的公司可能會故意選擇自己的產品。

• Target apps with a broad audience. This app should already be installed on both you and your interviewer’s phones. Apps like Wag and VSCO would be too specific of a niche to be selected.

  定位具有廣泛受眾的應用程序。 您和您的面試官的電話均應已安裝此應用程序。 像Wag和VSCO這樣的應用程序對于特定的利基市場來說太具體了，無法選擇。

• Avoid apps with paywalls. In the same vein as above, both you and your interviewer will need access to the interface. If a significant part of the app requires a transaction to be unlocked, like Hulu, it probably won’t be picked.

  避免使用帶有付費墻的應用。 按照與上述相同的方式，您和您的訪問員都需要訪問該界面。 如果應用程序的重要部分要求像Hulu這樣的交易需要解鎖，則可能不會被選中。

• Avoid apps with sensitive data. It’s unlikely anything with your private, sensitive data will be selected, such as Venmo or banking apps.

  避免使用敏感數據的應用。 選擇您的私人敏感數據的可能性不大，例如Venmo或銀行應用程序。

• Choose apps with high complexity. Your critique is expected to last 45 minutes and in order to fill that space, your app should involve complex user flows. The default iOS Note app, for instance, is an unlikely choice.

  選擇具有高度復雜性的應用程序。 預計您的評論將持續45分鐘，為了填補這一空白，您的應用應包含復雜的用戶流。 例如，默認的iOS Note應用程序是不太可能的選擇。

白板練習 (Whiteboard Exercise)

Also known as the “Problem-Solving” interview at Facebook, you will be given an open-ended prompt and deliver a wireframe solution.

在Facebook上也稱為“問題解決”采訪，系統將為您提供開放式提示，并提供線框解決方案。

畫出你的框架 (Draw your framework)

An unexpectedly difficult part of this interview is time management. In the same vein as your app critique, choose a framework beforehand and time-box each major section as these discussions can meander.

這次面試的一個意想不到的困難部分是時間管理。 按照與您的應用程序評論相同的方式，請事先選擇一個框架，并在每個主要部分中按時標出這些討論可能會引起的結果。

Practice spending the first minute dividing up parts of the board. Allocate larger amounts of space for longer sections so that you will implicitly follow your agenda.

練習在第一分鐘里花時間分割董事會的各個部分 。 為較長的部分分配更多的空間，這樣您就可以隱式地遵循自己的議程。

訓練您的協作技能 (Train your collaboration skills)

You are expected to work with your interviewer as a peer and you should leverage them to make decisions collectively and quickly. However, avoid asking lazy questions such as “What do you think we should build?”.

您應該與面試官作為同齡人一起工作，您應該利用他們來集體快速地做出決定。 但是，請避免提出諸如“您認為我們應該構建什么？”之類的懶惰問題。

As you run through exercise problems, hone your collaboration skills. Even if you’re practicing alone, pace yourself and pose mindful questions throughout.

解決運動問題時 ，請磨練您的協作技巧。 即使您是一個人練習，也要調整自己的步調，并在整個過程中提出正念的問題。

• Clarify the prompt: “By urban communities, is it scoped to only those within the US?”

  明確提示： “在城市社區中，它僅適用于美國境內的人群嗎？”

• Validate assumptions: “Can I assume we have enough engineering bandwidth to build any of our ideas?”

  驗證假設： “我可以假設我們有足夠的工程帶寬來構建我們的任何想法嗎？”

• Gauge preference between a few options: “Between these two target audiences, which would you prefer we focus on?”

  可以在幾個選項之間進行選擇： “在這兩個目標受眾之間，您希望我們重點關注哪個？”

• Stay in sync: “Before I move on, is there anything you’re not sure about?”

  保持同步： “在我繼續之前，您不確定什么嗎？”

背景采訪 (Background Interview)

Lastly, we have the ubiquitous behavioral interview, where a design manager will gauge your soft skills.

最后，我們進行了無處不在的行為面試，設計經理將評估您的軟技能。

對共同主題的自我反思 (Self-reflect on common topics)

Although you shouldn’t be preparing cookie-cutter answers, run through some of the most common questions and raise your self-awareness on topics you may not have internalized yet.

盡管您不應該準備切碎的答案，但請回答一些最常見的問題，并提高您對可能尚未內化的主題的自我意識。

• Past work: What could you have done better? Where would you take it next? When was a time your design failed or pivoted?

  過去的工作：您能做得更好嗎？ 接下來你要去哪里？ 您的設計什么時候失敗或受到關注的？

• Collaboration skills: How do you handle conflict? How did you pull in user researchers or content strategists? How did you ensure your work was properly implemented by engineers?

  協作技巧：您如何處理沖突？ 您是如何吸引用戶研究人員或內容策略師的？ 您如何確保工程師正確執行您的工作？

• Process: How do you know when a design is good enough? How do you prioritize between big bets and incremental adjustments? How would you approach a very tight deadline?

  流程：您如何知道設計何時足夠好？ 您如何在大筆賭注和增量調整之間確定優先級？ 您將如何處理非常緊迫的期限？

• Career values: What are your short- and long-term goals? What are your areas for improvement? What type of manager do you thrive under? Why are you leaving your current company?

  職業價值觀：您的短期和長期目標是什么？ 您有哪些需要改進的地方？ 您在哪種類型的管理人員中壯成長？ 你為什么要離開現在的公司？

準備自己的問題 (Prepare your own questions)

As the most conversational part of the overall interview process, this is a great chance to pose your own questions to a manager. List some things you would genuinely like to learn about so that you can make the most of this time.

作為整個面試過程中最常進行對話的部分，這是向經理提出您自己的問題的絕好機會。 列出一些您真正想學習的東西，以便您可以充分利用這次機會。

• Role expectations: How will you measure success for this role? Will this position be expected to lead user research or code? What are the first projects this role will take on?

  角色期望：您將如何衡量該角色的成功？ 該職位是否有望領導用戶研究或編寫代碼？ 這個角色將要從事的第一個項目是什么？

• Growth: What do the IC and management tracks look like? How and when are performance reviews done? How open is the company to internal transfers?

  成長： IC和管理層的情況如何？ 如何以及何時進行績效評估？ 公司對內部轉移有多開放？

• Leadership: How would you describe your management style? How do projects and objectives form at the company? How does design have a seat at the table?

  領導：您如何形容您的管理風格？ 公司的項目和目標如何形成？ 設計如何在桌子上坐下？

• Culture fit: How is the work-life balance? How do work culture and processes differ between different teams and offices?

  文化適應：工作與生活的平衡如何？ 不同團隊和辦公室之間的工作文化和流程有何不同？

最終建議 (Final advice)

Set yourself up for success and do whatever it takes to feel confident about your interviews.

為成功做好準備，并盡一切努力使自己對面試充滿信心。

• Work with your recruiter. Feel free to ask for more information on your upcoming interview and set realistic dates to accommodate the time you need to practice.

  與您的招聘人員合作。 隨時要求您提供有關您即將面試的更多信息，并設定實際日期以適應您需要練習的時間。

• Interview the company. Although you’re being interviewed, there also has to be a fit for you. As you progress through, assess and be transparent about whether the company aligns with your career trajectory.

  面試公司。 盡管您正在接受采訪，但也必須適合您。 隨著您的前進，評估并透明地了解公司是否符合您的職業發展軌跡。

• Chat with insiders. Leverage your professional network and reach out to anyone who has or is currently working there. Ask the questions you might not ask your interviewer and get the full picture.

  與內部人員聊天。 利用您的專業網絡并與擁有或目前在此工作的任何人聯系。 提出一些您可能不會問面試官的問題，并獲得全面了解。

Regardless of the company you’re interviewing with, the effort that you’ll put into preparing and practicing will be valuable across the board. Your work will be transferrable and you will only become more comfortable with an initially uncomfortable situation.

無論您要面試的公司是哪家，您在準備和實踐方面付出的努力都是有價值的。 您的工作將是可轉移的，并且您只會在最初不舒服的情況下變得更加舒適。

Best of luck on your upcoming journey. You’re going to do great.

祝您下次旅途順利。 你會做的很棒。

Disclaimer: It goes without saying that I don’t represent Facebook or their recruitment process. Everything I say is a compilation of my own experiences and opinions.

免責聲明：不用說我不代表Facebook或他們的招聘過程。 我所說的都是我自己的經驗和觀點的總結。