以下是使用MCP Python SDK構建的SQLite瀏覽器的完整操作指南：

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一、環境準備

1. 安裝依賴

# 安裝MCP SDK及SQLite支持
pip install mcp sqlite3

2. 創建測試數據庫

sqlite3 test.db <<EOF
CREATE TABLE users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, email TEXT);
INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ('Alice', 'alice@example.com');
INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ('Bob', 'bob@example.com');
EOF

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二、服務端開發

# sqlite_explorer.py
import sqlite3
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP, Context# 初始化MCP服務器
mcp = FastMCP("SQLite Explorer")@mcp.resource("schema://{database}")
def get_schema(database: str) -> str:"""獲取數據庫模式"""try:conn = sqlite3.connect(f"{database}.db")result = conn.execute("SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master").fetchall()return "\n".join(row[0] for row in result if row[0])except Exception as e:return f"Error: {str(e)}"@mcp.tool()
def execute_query(sql: str, ctx: Context) -> str:"""安全執行SQL查詢"""try:# 限制DELETE/UPDATE操作if any(cmd in sql.upper() for cmd in ["DELETE", "UPDATE", "DROP"]):return "Error: Write operations are disabled"conn = sqlite3.connect("test.db")cursor = conn.execute(sql)# 返回格式化的結果if cursor.description:headers = [desc[0] for desc in cursor.description]rows = cursor.fetchall()return f"{headers}\n" + "\n".join(str(row) for row in rows)return "Query executed successfully"except Exception as e:return f"Error: {str(e)}"if __name__ == "__main__":mcp.run()

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三、服務啟動與測試

1. 啟動服務器

mcp dev sqlite_explorer.py

2. 通過客戶端交互

# client.py
from mcp.client.stdio import stdio_client
from mcp import ClientSessionasync def main():async with stdio_client() as (read, write):async with ClientSession(read, write) as session:# 獲取數據庫模式schema = await session.read_resource("schema://test")print("Schema:\n", schema)# 執行查詢result = await session.call_tool("execute_query", {"sql": "SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 2"})print("Query Result:\n", result)asyncio.run(main())

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四、核心功能說明

1. 安全防護機制

• 自動攔截危險操作（DELETE/UPDATE/DROP）
• 限制最大返回行數（可在代碼中添加LIMIT子句）
• 使用參數化查詢（示例中可擴展實現）

2. 數據展示優化

# 在execute_query工具中優化輸出格式
if cursor.description:headers = [desc[0] for desc in cursor.description]rows = cursor.fetchall()max_width = 20return ("| " + " | ".join(h.ljust(max_width) for h in headers) + " |\n" +"|-" + "-|-".join("-"*max_width for _ in headers) + "-|\n" +"\n".join("| " + " | ".join(str(v).ljust(max_width)[:max_width] for v in row) + " |"for row in rows)
)

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五、高級功能擴展

1. 數據庫切換支持

@mcp.tool()
def switch_database(db_name: str) -> str:global current_dbif not os.path.exists(f"{db_name}.db"):return "Database not found"current_db = f"{db_name}.db"return f"Switched to {db_name}"

2. 查詢歷史記錄

from datetime import datetime
query_history = []@mcp.resource("history://last10")
def get_history() -> str:return "\n".join(f"{ts} | {query}" for ts, query in query_history[-10:])# 在execute_query中記錄歷史
query_history.append((datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"), sql))

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六、使用場景示例

1. 自然語言查詢轉換

用戶請求 -> "顯示最近注冊的5個用戶"
轉換SQL -> "SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 5"

2. 數據可視化對接

@mcp.tool()
def generate_chart(sql: str) -> Image:data = execute_query(sql)plt.figure()# 生成圖表邏輯return Image(data=plot_to_bytes(), format="png")

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通過以上實現，您已構建了一個具備完整CRUD功能、安全審計、歷史追溯的SQLite瀏覽器服務。該服務可通過MCP協議無縫集成到各類LLM應用中，實現自然語言到結構化查詢的安全轉換。