基于Spring Boot和Rust的實用
以下是基于Spring Boot和Rust的實用示例,涵蓋常見開發場景,分為Spring Boot(Java)和Rust兩部分:
Spring Boot 示例
RESTful API 開發
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class UserController {@GetMapping("/users/{id}")public ResponseEntity<User> getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {User user = userService.findById(id);return ResponseEntity.ok(user);}
}
數據庫集成(JPA)
@Entity
public class Product {@Id @GeneratedValueprivate Long id;private String name;private Double price;
}@Repository
public interface ProductRepository extends JpaRepository<Product, Long> {}
異常處理
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {@ExceptionHandler(ResourceNotFoundException.class)public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleNotFound(ResourceNotFoundException ex) {ErrorResponse response = new ErrorResponse(ex.getMessage());return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND).body(response);}
}
安全配置(Spring Security)
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {@BeanSecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http.authorizeRequests(auth -> auth.anyRequest().authenticated()).httpBasic(Customizer.withDefaults());return http.build();}
}
異步任務
@Service
public class AsyncService {@Asyncpublic CompletableFuture<String> processTask() {// 模擬耗時操作return CompletableFuture.completedFuture("Task completed");}
}
Rust 示例
HTTP服務器(Actix-web)
use actix_web::{get, App, HttpResponse, HttpServer, Responder};#[get("/hello")]
async fn hello() -> impl Responder {HttpResponse::Ok().body("Hello from Rust!")
}#[actix_web::main]
async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {HttpServer::new(|| App::new().service(hello)).bind("127.0.0.1:8080")?.run().await
}
文件讀寫
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::{Read, Write};fn write_file() -> std::io::Result<()> {let mut file = File::create("example.txt")?;file.write_all(b"Hello, Rust!")?;Ok(())
}
并發編程
use std::thread;
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;fn main() {let (sender, receiver) = channel();thread::spawn(move || {sender.send(42).unwrap();});println!("Received: {}", receiver.recv().unwrap());
}
數據庫操作(Diesel)
#[derive(Queryable)]
struct User {id: i32,name: String,
}fn get_users(conn: &PgConnection) -> Vec<User> {users::table.load::<User>(conn).unwrap()
}
命令行工具(Clap)
use clap::Parser;#[derive(Parser)]
struct Cli {#[clap(short, long)]name: String,
}fn main() {let args = Cli::parse();println!("Hello, {}!", args.name);
}
混合技術棧示例
Spring Boot調用Rust FFI
- Rust編譯為動態庫:
#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn add_numbers(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {a + b
}
- Java通過JNI調用:
public class NativeLib {static { System.loadLibrary("rustlib"); }public static native int addNumbers(int a, int b);
}
Rust調用Spring Boot API
use reqwest::blocking::get;fn fetch_data() -> Result<String, reqwest::Error> {let resp = get("http://localhost:8080/api/users")?.text()?;Ok(resp)
}
以上示例覆蓋Web開發、系統編程、數據交互等場景。實際應用中需根據版本調整依賴配置,建議結合官方文檔使用。
基于Spring Boot和JDK實現
以下是基于Spring Boot和JDK實現船舶海運圖實時監控Web應用的技術方案和關鍵實現步驟:
技術棧選擇
- 后端框架: Spring Boot 2.7.x + WebSocket
- 前端庫: OpenLayers/Leaflet(地圖渲染) + SockJS(WebSocket客戶端)
- 數據協議: GeoJSON(船舶位置數據格式)
- 數據庫: PostgreSQL + PostGIS(空間數據存儲)
核心模塊實現
船舶位置模擬數據生成
// 模擬船舶移動服務
@Service
public class VesselSimulator {private final SimpMessagingTemplate messagingTemplate;public void broadcastPositions() {List<Vessel> vessels = generateRandomPositions();messagingTemplate.convertAndSend("/topic/vessels", new GeoJSONFeatureCollection(vessels));}private List<Vessel> generateRandomPositions() {// 生成帶航向、速度的隨機坐標}
}
WebSocket實時推送配置
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {@Overridepublic void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) {config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");}@Overridepublic void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {registry.addEndpoint("/ws").withSockJS();}
}
前端地圖渲染實現
// OpenLayers地圖初始化
const map = new ol.Map({layers: [new ol.layer.Tile({ source: new ol.source.OSM() })],target: 'map'
});// WebSocket連接
const socket = new SockJS('/ws');
const stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
stompClient.connect({}, () => {stompClient.