一、項目背景

論壇系統致力于打造一個多元交流社區，吸引各領域專業人士、愛好者及普通用戶匯聚一堂。用戶可在開放的環境中充分交流。伴隨互聯網用戶群體持續壯大，尤其是年輕一代網民對在線交流和知識獲取的需求不斷攀升，論壇作為經典且有效的互動平臺，蘊藏著巨大發展潛力。通過論壇系統建設，期望滿足不同用戶的多樣化需求，提升信息交流效率與質量，為用戶創造更多價值，助力互聯網內容生態的健康、持續發展。

二、論壇系統測試用例思維導圖

對于論壇系統簡單可以分為六類方面進行測試：界面測試、安全測試、易用性測試、兼容性測試、功能測試。

三、論壇系統測試

3.1界面測試

• 用戶登陸框雖然沒有在屏幕正中央，好在用白色和背景板顏色區分更加顯眼，并標有黑體“用戶登陸”。
• 用戶名及密碼輸入框大小合適，讓用戶容易輸入。
• 登陸按鈕用藍色框格包圍使得用戶能加輕松登陸。
• “點擊注冊”字樣用藍色標識，時用戶容易找到。
• 密碼框內“小眼睛”有顯示密碼功能。

3.2登陸測試

• 用戶名及密碼為空時輸入框下顯示紅色“用戶名不能為空”或“密碼不能為空”字樣。
  （用戶名：zhangsan 密碼：12345 為例）
  
• 輸入正確用戶名及錯誤密碼，提示用戶名或密碼錯誤.
  
• 輸入錯誤用戶名及正確密碼.
  
• 輸入正確用戶名及正確密碼
  進入論壇主頁
  

3.3主頁測試

• 1.點擊發帖子

• 2.選擇板塊

• 3.輸入標題及內容

• 4.點擊發布

• 5.發布成功！！！

• 6.點擊輸入框輸入論壇測試

測試發現點擊搜索框內的放大鏡無法搜索。

• 7.點擊帖子標題

顯示進入帖子

• 8.點擊發私信

• 9.發布成功

測試顯示沒有查找私信功能

• 10.點擊回復

回復成功！！！

3.4個人中心測試

1. 點擊主頁頭像

2. 進入個人中心

3. 點擊修改昵稱/郵箱地址/電話號碼

測試結果發現無法修改

4. 點擊修改密碼

5. 修改成功

四、自動化測試腳本

4.1配置驅動

Selenium是一個用于Web應用程序測試的工具。Selenium測試直接運行在瀏覽器中，就像真正的用戶在操作一樣。支持的瀏覽器包括IE（7, 8, 9, 10, 11），Mozilla Firefox，Safari，Google Chrome，Opera，Edge等。
WebDriverManager 是一個開源的 Java 庫，用于自動管理 Selenium WebDriver 所需的驅動程序（如 ChromeDriver、GeckoDriver、EdgeDriver 等）。它可以自動下載、設置和維護這些驅動程序，從而簡化了 Selenium 測試的配置過程

在pycharm軟件的設置中觀察是否安裝這兩個軟件包，如果沒有可能無法正常驅動打開本地瀏覽器

4.2創建瀏覽器類

• 每個功能都需要pycharm驅動瀏覽，若每個功能都有一份瀏覽器驅動，功能過多可能導致軟件崩潰，將驅動器類放入一個common文件，功能測試則放入test文件，image用于保存截屏圖片

。

• 驅動器類
  Lunta實例化出Driver類，每次測試功能時調用類對象driver，防止每個功能模塊都創建一個新的驅動器。

import datetime
import os
import sys
import timefrom selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManagerclass Driver:driver=""def __init__(self):#打開edge驅動管理EdsIns=EdgeChromiumDriverManager().install()options=webdriver.EdgeOptions()#創建edge瀏覽器對象self.driver=webdriver.Edge(service=Service(EdsIns),options=options)# 截屏功能def getScreenShot(self):dirname = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')if not os.path.exists("../images/" + dirname):os.mkdir("../images/" + dirname)filename = sys._getframe().f_back.f_code.co_name + "-" + datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S') + ".png"self.driver.save_screenshot(f'../images/{dirname}/' + filename)
Lunta=Driver()

4.3功能測試

4.3.1登陸測試

1. 函數find_element()分別找出用戶名及密碼輸入框
2. send_keys輸入內容
3. click模擬用戶點擊登陸按鈕
4. find_element找出主頁信息判斷是否登陸成功

import timefrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom common.untils import Luntaclass LunTaLgoin:url=""driver=""def __init__(self):self.url="http://127.0.0.1:9580/sign-in.html"self.driver=Lunta.driverself.driver.get(self.url)#成功登陸def LTLoginTest(self):self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#username").send_keys("zhangsan")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#password").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()time.sleep(2)#查找頭像是否登陸成功self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#index_nav_avatar")#截屏登陸成功頁面Lunta.getScreenShot()# self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#index_nav_avatar").click()# self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#index_user_logout").click()# Lunta.getScreenShot()#登陸失敗def LTFailTest(self):#密碼錯誤self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("12345")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()time.sleep(1)Lunta.getScreenShot()#檢測是否出現密碼錯誤彈窗self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")#清空內容self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()# 用戶名錯誤self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhang")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()time.sleep(1)Lunta.getScreenShot()# 檢測是否出現密碼錯誤彈窗self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")# 清空內容self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()# 用戶名為空self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("12345")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()time.sleep(1)Lunta.getScreenShot()# 檢測是否出現用戶名不能為空提示text=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#signInForm > div.mb-3 > div").textassert text=="用戶名不能為空"# 清空內容self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()# 用戶名為空self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhang")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()time.sleep(1)Lunta.getScreenShot()# 檢測是否出現用戶名不能為空提示text = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#signInForm > div.mb-2 > div > div").textassert text == "密碼不能為空"

4.3.2注冊測試

1. click模擬點擊注冊按鈕
2. find_element找出用戶名，昵稱，密碼及確認密碼輸入框
3. send_keys輸入內容
4. 注冊失敗是否有彈窗提示
5. 注冊成功返回登陸界面是否能登陸

import timefrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom common.untils import Lunta
class LunTareg:driver=""url=""def __init__(self):self.url = "http://127.0.0.1:9580/sign-in.html"self.driver = Lunta.driverself.driver.get(self.url)def LTreg(self):time.sleep(2)self.driver.implicitly_wait(2)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div > div > div > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.text-center.text-muted.mt-3 > a").click()#注冊成功self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#username").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#nickname").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#password").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#passwordRepeat").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#policy").click()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()time.sleep(2)Lunta.getScreenShot()self.driver.back()#登陸self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()time.sleep(2)# 查找頭像是否登陸成功self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#index_nav_avatar")# 截屏登陸成功頁面Lunta.getScreenShot()time.sleep(2)self.driver.back()def LTrefaii(self):time.sleep(2)self.driver.implicitly_wait(2)#點擊注冊self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div > div > div > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.text-center.text-muted.mt-3 > a").click()# 注冊失敗(用戶已存在)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#nickname").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#passwordRepeat").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#policy").click()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()#是否彈窗提示self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")Lunta.getScreenShot()# 注冊失敗(用戶名為空)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()# 是否提示text=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#signUpForm > div > div:nth-child(2) > div").textassert text=="用戶名不能為空"Lunta.getScreenShot()# 注冊失敗(昵稱為空)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#nickname").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()# 是否提示text = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#signUpForm > div > div:nth-child(3) > div").textassert text == "昵稱不能為空"Lunta.getScreenShot()# 注冊失敗(密碼為空)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#nickname").send_keys("zhangs")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()time.sleep(2)# 是否提示text = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#signUpForm > div > div:nth-child(4) > div").textassert text == "密碼不能為空"Lunta.getScreenShot()# 注冊失敗(確認密碼錯誤)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#passwordRepeat").send_keys("12345")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()text=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#signUpForm > div > div:nth-child(5) > div > div").textassert text=="請檢查確認密碼"#未點擊同意self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#policy").click()# 是否彈窗提示self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")Lunta.getScreenShot()self.driver.back()

4.3.3主頁測試

1.click點擊發帖子內容
2.send_keys輸入標題
3.send_keys輸入內容（編輯框外置無法完成交互）
4.Action鏈模擬點擊（click無法點擊）

import timefrom selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom common.untils import Luntaclass LunTahome():driver=""url=""def __init__(self):# 登陸狀態urlself.driver=Lunta.driverself.url="http://127.0.0.1:9580/index.html"self.driver.get(self.url)def LTPuTest(self):self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)#點擊發布帖子self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#bit-forum-content > div.page-header.d-print-none > div > div > div.col-auto.ms-auto.d-print-none > div > a.btn.btn-primary.d-none.d-sm-inline-block.article_post").click()#選擇板塊self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#article_post_borad").click()#編輯框外置無法完成交互# 輸入標題,若能交互則完成以下命令# self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#article_post_title").send_keys("如何年薪百萬")#self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"article_post_submit").click()# # Action鏈模擬點擊# element = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="article_post_submit"]')# ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(element).click().perform()# # 提示帖子內容不能為空# self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")# Lunta.getScreenShot()#輸入標題self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#article_post_title").send_keys("如何年薪百萬")#Action鏈模擬點擊element=self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="article_post_submit"]')ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(element).click().perform()#提示帖子內容不能為空self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")Lunta.getScreenShot()# 不輸入標題self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#article_post_title").clear()# Action鏈模擬點擊element = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="article_post_submit"]')ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(element).click().perform()# 提示輸入標題不能為空self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")Lunta.getScreenShot()self.driver.back()

4.3.4帖子編輯

• click點擊發帖子>私信>send_keys輸入內容>click點擊回復>find_element搜索"回復成功彈窗">click點擊回復>send_keys輸入內容>click點擊回復>find_element搜索“回復成功彈窗”>click點擊點贊

import timefrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom common.untils import Luntaclass LunTaser:driver=""url=""def __init__(self):self.url="http://127.0.0.1:9580/index.html"self.driver=Lunta.driverself.driver.get(self.url)#搜索def LTaser(self):self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.page > header.navbar.navbar-expand-md.navbar-light.d-print-none > div > div > div.nav-item.d-none.d-md-flex.me-3 > div > form > div > input").send_keys("1234")#點擊搜索self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.page > header.navbar.navbar-expand-md.navbar-light.d-print-none > div > div > div.nav-item.d-none.d-md-flex.me-3 > div > form > div > input").click()#搜索第一篇文章time.sleep(3)text=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#artical-items-body > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.col > div.text-truncate > a > strong").textLunta.getScreenShot()#斷言是否搜索成功#assert text=="1234"#私信def LTiss(self):self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)Lunta.getScreenShot()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#artical-items-body > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.col > div.text-truncate > a > strong").click()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#btn_details_send_message").click()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#index_message_receive_content").send_keys("上轉轉回收了吧")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#btn_index_send_message").click()Lunta.getScreenShot()#是否發布成功彈窗self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")Lunta.getScreenShot()#回復def LTreply(self):self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)time.sleep(5)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#artical-items-body > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.col > div.text-truncate > a > strong").click()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#article_details_reply > div.CodeMirror.cm-s-default.CodeMirror-wrap.CodeMirror-empty > div.CodeMirror-scroll").send_keys("哇哈哈")self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#details_btn_article_reply > span").click()#內容為空無法發送Lunta.getScreenShot()#提示請輸入內容self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div")#點贊def LTlike(self):self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#artical-items-body > div:nth-child(1) > div > div.col > div.text-truncate > a > strong").click()self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#details_btn_like_count").click()#提示點贊成功self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.jq-toast-wrap.bottom-right > div > h2")time.sleep(1)Lunta.getScreenShot()

4.3.5運行主代碼

from test import LunTaLgoin
from test import LunTahome
from test import LunTareg
from test import LunTaserif __name__ == '__main__':# 注冊失敗LunTareg.LunTareg().LTrefaii()# 注冊成功LunTareg.LunTareg().LTreg()#登陸失敗LunTaLgoin.LunTaLgoin().LTFailTest()#登陸成功LunTaLgoin.LunTaLgoin().LTLoginTest()#主頁測試LunTahome.LunTahome().LTPuTest()# 帖子測試LunTaser.LunTaser().LTaser()LunTaser.LunTaser().LTiss()LunTaser.LunTaser().LTreply()LunTaser.LunTaser().LTlike()

五、BUG分析

1. 搜索框輸入內容無法點擊搜索

2. 主頁板塊內容顯示不完全

3. 昵稱、郵箱地址、電話號碼、個人簡介無法修改

六、測試總結

本次論壇系統測試旨在全面驗證系統功能的完整性、穩定性及用戶體驗，確保系統能夠滿足用戶在信息交流、內容發布等方面的需求。測試范圍涵蓋了前臺用戶操作功能以及后臺管理功能，采用了多種測試方法，包括功能測試、性能測試、兼容性測試等。