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1. 提交任務的兩種方式

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• executor
• submit

2. executor

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executor位于Executor接口中

public interface Executor {void executor(Runnable command);
}

executor提交的是無返回值的任務
下面是一個具體的例子

package LearnThreadPool;  import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  /**  * 使用executor  * * @author cat  * @version 2025/2/25 11:13  * @since JDK17  */  
public class UseExecutor {  public static void m() {  System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());  }  public static void main(String[] args) {  ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();  executorService.execute(UseExecutor::m);  executorService.shutdown();  }  
}
輸出 : 
pool-1-thread-1

3. submit

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submit位于ExecutorService接口中

public interface ExecutorService {<T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task);  <T> Future<T> submit(Runnable task, T result);  Future<?> submit(Runnable task);
}

Future也是一個接口，該接口定義了與任務執行結果相關的功能。

public interface Future<V> {  boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning);  boolean isCancelled();  boolean isDone();  V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException;  V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)  throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException;  
}

5個方法的相關功能

下面是一個使用submit的具體例子

package LearnThreadPool;  import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;  
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
import java.util.concurrent.Future;  /**  * 使用submit  * * @author cat  * @version 2025/2/25 11:27  * @since JDK17  */  
public class UseSubmit {  private static ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();  // 該方法可以實現Runnable接口  public static void m1() {  System.out.println("曲·啟明");  }  public static void test01() {  Future<?> future = executorService.submit(UseSubmit::m1);  try {  Object object = future.get();  System.out.println(object); // null  } catch (InterruptedException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  } catch (ExecutionException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  }  public static void test02() {  Future<String> submit = executorService.submit(UseSubmit::m1, "任務完成");  try {  String string = submit.get();  System.out.println(string);  } catch (InterruptedException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  } catch (ExecutionException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  }  // 該方法可以實現Callable<String>接口  public static String m2() {  return "曲·啟明" + " 露西亞·誓焰";  }  public static void test03() {  Future<String> submit = executorService.submit(UseSubmit::m2);  try {  String string = submit.get();  System.out.println(string);  } catch (InterruptedException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  } catch (ExecutionException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  }  public static void main(String[] args) {  test01();  System.out.println("---------------------------");  test02();  System.out.println("---------------------------");  test03();  executorService.shutdown();  }  
}

4. Executor和Submit的區別

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