linux開源文檔管理系統

根帳號 (Root Account)

The "root" account is the most unrestrictive account on a Linux Operating system. This account enables you to complete all features of System admin, including accounts, changing client passwords, looking at log documents, installing programs, and so on.

“ root”帳戶是Linux操作系統上最不受限制的帳戶。 該帳戶使您能夠完成系統管理員的所有功能，包括帳戶，更改客戶端密碼，查看日志文檔，安裝程序等。

When utilizing this account, it is necessary to be as safe as possible. The "root" account has no security limitations forced upon it. This implies it is anything but difficult to perform administrative obligations without a problem. However, the system expects you to realize what you are doing, and will do precisely what you demand - no inquiries posed. Along these lines it is simple, with a mistyped command, to clear out important system records.

使用此帳戶時，必須盡可能安全。 “根”帳戶沒有強加的安全限制。 這意味著毫無困難地執行行政義務幾乎沒有任何困難。 但是，系統希望您意識到自己正在做的事情，并且會精確地完成您的要求-不會提出任何詢問。 按照這些思路，使用錯誤的命令很容易清除重要的系統記錄。

At the point when you are marked in as or going in as "root", the shell prompt showcases '#' as the last character. This is to fill in as a notice to you of the total intensity of this account.

在您標記為“ root”或進入“ root”時 ，shell提示符將顯示“＃”作為最后一個字符。 這是為了通知您此帳戶的總強度。

創建新的用戶帳戶 (Creating New User Accounts)

There are two ways to make a new user account. The first is to make the account itself, the second is to give a false name to their email address (At most of the organizations the convention followed is [email?protected]).

有兩種創建新用戶帳戶的方法。 第一種是自己創建帳戶，第二種是給他們的電子郵件地址使用假名(在大多數組織中，遵循的慣例是[電子郵件保護] )。

To make the account, choose the username you will appoint to the user. The username is all things considered 8 characters in length, and any place
conceivable you ought to pick their last name, or last name and first alphabet if a user account same exists.?

要創建帳戶，請選擇您要指定給用戶的用戶名。 用戶名是所有被認為長度為8個字符的東西，并且在任何地方
可以想象，您應該選擇其姓氏，或者如果存在相同的用戶帳戶，則選擇姓氏和名字字母。

You will at that point be incited to enter other data: complete name of user, user group (The default value), a user id #(assigned by the system on its own), home registry (assigned by the system on its own), a user shell, some password values, lastly the ideal password ( being it an ideal one following 6-12 characters in length with a lowercase, an uppercase, special character, and a number).

此時，您將被激發輸入其他數據：用戶的全名，用戶組(默認值)，用戶ID ＃(由系統自行分配)，主注冊表(由系統自行分配) ，一個用戶外殼程序，一些密碼值，最后是理想的密碼(這是一種理想的密碼，長度為6-12個字符，帶有小寫，大寫，特殊字符和一個數字)。

修改用戶密碼 (Changing User Passwords)

To change a password on the demand of a user, first log into the "root" account. At that point type, ''passwd user'' (where user is the username of the user you wish to change the password for). The system will provoke you to enter a password. Passwords don't resound to the screen when you enter them.

要根據用戶要求更改密碼，請首先登錄“ root”帳戶。 此時輸入“ passwd user” (其中user是您要更改其密碼的用戶的用戶名)。 系統會提示您輸入密碼。 輸入密碼時，密碼不會在屏幕上響起。

You can likewise change your very own password, by composing ''passwd'' (without indicating a username). You will be provoked to enter your old password for check, and afterward the password you wish to keep.

您也可以通過編寫“ passwd” (不表示用戶名)來更改自己的密碼。 系統將提示您輸入舊密碼進行檢查，然后再輸入您希望保留的密碼。

禁用用戶帳號 (Disabling User Accounts)

To disable a user account, alter, as root, the ''/etc./shadow'' record, and change the password (always stored in the encrypted form) with a ''*'' mark. All Unix passwords, paying little respect to length (up to a limit of 8 characters), are put away in the password record as encrypted strings of 13 characters. In this manner, by changing the password with a ''*'' character, it is nearly impossible for the user to log in.

要禁用用戶帳戶，請以根用戶身份更改“ /etc./shadow ”記錄，并使用“ * ”標記更改密碼(始終以加密形式存儲)。 所有Unix密碼(幾乎不考慮長度)(最多8個字符)都作為13個字符的加密字符串存儲在密碼記錄中。 以這種方式，通過使用“ * ”字符更改密碼，用戶幾乎無法登錄。

Note: This technique will expect you to assign another password to the user in the event that you enable the account in future, since the encrypted password field has been changed. One answer for this which is to just prefix the ''*'' character before the encrypted password to disable the account, and basically removing the "*" to enable it again.

注意：由于加密的密碼字段已更改，因此在以后啟用帳戶的情況下，此技術將希望您為用戶分配另一個密碼。 一種解決方法是，在加密密碼之前加上“ * ”字符以禁用該帳戶，并基本上刪除“ * ”以再次啟用它。

刪除用戶帳號 (Removing User Accounts)

If you are using a Red-Hat Linux Distribution the easiest way to remove or delete an unwanted user account is by using the "userdel" command (wherein the username to be deleted will be followed by the command). But it is recommended that you disable an account before deleting it so that if any need arises in the future from that particular account then it can be called back.

如果您使用的是Red-Hat Linux發行版，則刪除或刪除不需要的用戶帳戶的最簡單方法是使用“ userdel ”命令(其中要刪除的用戶名后面將帶有命令)。 但是建議您在刪除帳戶之前先禁用它，以便將來如果該特定帳戶有任何需要，可以對其進行回調。

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/foss/system-admin-issues-in-linux-free-and-open-source-software.aspx

linux開源文檔管理系統