計算機網絡中的傳輸協議是

傳輸方式 (Transmission Modes)

The mechanism of transferring data or information between two linked devices connected over a network is referred to as Transmission Modes.

在通過網絡連接的兩個鏈接的設備之間傳輸數據或信息的機制稱為傳輸模式 。

• The transmission mode is also called as the communication mode.

  傳輸模式也稱為通信模式。

• It tells the direction of signal flow between the two linked devices.

  它告訴兩個鏈接的設備之間信號流的方向。

• Buses and networks are designed to allow communication to occur between individual devices that are linked over a network.

  總線和網絡旨在允許通過網絡鏈接的各個設備之間進行通信。

交易方式分類 (Categories of Transaction Modes)

There are three categories of transmission mode:

傳輸模式分為三類：

1. Simplex Mode

   單工模式

2. Half-Duplex Mode

   半雙工模式

3. Full-Duplex Mode

   全雙工模式

1)單工模式 (1) Simplex Mode)

• In this type of transmission mode, communication is unidirectional that is data can be sent only in one direction. This means you cannot send a message back to the sender just like a one-way street.

  在這種類型的傳輸模式中，通信是單向的，即數據只能在一個方向上發送。 這意味著您不能像單向街一樣將消息發送回發件人。

• From the two devices, only one can send or transmit on a link and the other can only receive the data.

  從這兩個設備中，只有一個可以在鏈接上發送或發送，而另一個只能接收數據。

Simplex Mode of Transmission

單工傳輸方式

Example:

例：

• A simplex duplex transmission can be seen between a computer and a keyboard. A television broadcast, television and remote are also examples of simplex duplex transmission.

  可以在計算機和鍵盤之間看到單工雙工傳輸。 電視廣播，電視和遙控器也是單工雙工傳輸的示例。

• Another example of simplex transmission includes a loudspeaker system. An announcer sends his/her voice into a microphone and voice is sent through an amplifier and then to all the speakers.

  單工傳輸的另一個示例包括揚聲器系統。 播音員將他/她的聲音發送到麥克風，然后通過放大器將聲音發送到所有揚聲器。

Advantage of Simplex mode

單工模式的優勢

In this mode, the station can utilize the entire capacity of the communication channel, so there can be transmitted more data at a time.

在這種模式下，站點可以利用通信信道的全部容量，因此可以一次傳輸更多的數據。

Disadvantage of Simplex mode

單工模式的缺點

Mainly communications require the two-way exchange of data but it is unidirectional, so it has no inter-communication between devices.

通信主要是需要雙向數據交換，但它是單向的，因此設備之間沒有相互通信。

2)半雙工模式 (2) Half-Duplex Mode)

• In a Half-duplex mode, each station can transmit and receive the data as well.

  在半雙工模式下，每個站也可以發送和接收數據。

• The flow of messages can be in both directions, but not simultaneously.

  消息流可以雙向，但不能同時。

• The entire capacity (bandwidth) of the communication channel is utilized in one direction at a time.

  一次在一個方向上利用通信信道的全部容量(帶寬)。

• In half-duplex mode, the sender sends data and wait for its acknowledgment and if there is any error so that receiver can demand it to retransmit that data. By this error detection is possible.

  在半雙工模式下，發送方發送數據并等待其確認，如果有任何錯誤，則接收方可以要求其重新傳輸該數據。 通過這種錯誤檢測是可能的。

An example of half-duplex mode is Walkie-talkie. In Walkie-talkie, from one side a speaker speaks, and from the other side, someone listens. After a pause, the other speaks and first-person listens.

半雙工模式的一個示例是對講機 。 在對講機中，說話者從一側講，而另一側則有人聽。 暫停后，對方講話，第一人稱聆聽。

Half- Duplex Mode of Transmission

半雙工傳輸模式

Example:

例：

This is like a one land road with two-directional traffic. While cars are traveling in one direction, cars going to another way must wait.

這就像一條雙向交通的單陸路。 當汽車沿一個方向行駛時，向另一種方向行駛的汽車必須等待。

Advantage of Half-duplex mode

半雙工模式的優勢

In half-duplex mode, the entire capacity of a channel is taken over by whichever of the two devices is transmitting at the same time.

在半雙工模式下，通道的全部容量由兩個設備中同時傳輸的一個接管。

Disadvantage of Half-Duplex mode

半雙工模式的缺點

It causes the delay in sending the data at the correct time as when one device is sending the data, then another has to wait to send data.

當一臺設備發送數據時，它會導致在正確的時間發送數據的延遲，然后另一臺設備必須等待發送數據。

3)全雙工模式 (3) Full Duplex Mode)

• In Full duplex mode, the communication is bi-directional, i.e., the data flow in both the directions at the same time.

  在全雙工模式下，通信是雙向的，即，數據同時在兩個方向上流動。

• From both the ends receipt and transmission of data is possible at the same time.

  從兩端可以同時接收和傳輸數據。

• Full-duplex mode has two physically separate transmission paths, one is for traffic moving in one direction, and another path is for traffic moving in the opposite direction.

  全雙工模式具有兩條物理上分離的傳輸路徑，一條用于在一個方向上移動的流量，另一條用于在相反方向上移動的流量。

• It is one of the fastest mode of communication between devices.

  它是設備之間最快的通信模式之一。

Full- Duplex Mode of Transmission

全雙工傳輸方式

Example:

例：

On a telephone line, two people are communicating with each other both can talk and listen to each other at the same time, this is the full-duplex transmission.

在電話線上，兩個人正在互相通信，可以同時通話和收聽，這是全雙工傳輸。

Another example includes a two way street with traffic flowing in both the directions simultaneously.

另一個示例包括雙向道路，交通沿兩個方向同時流動。

Advantage of Full-duplex mode

全雙工模式的優勢

Both the stations can send and receive the data at the same time, so the capacity of link can be shared.

兩個站點可以同時發送和接收數據，因此可以共享鏈接的容量。

Disadvantage of Full-duplex mode

全雙工模式的缺點

The bandwidth of the communication channel is divided into two parts if there is no dedicated path exists between the devices.

如果設備之間不存在專用路徑，則通信通道的帶寬分為兩部分。

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/computer-networks/transmission-modes.aspx

計算機網絡中的傳輸協議是