MySQL binlog日志記錄了MySQL數據庫從啟用日志以來所有對當前數據庫的變更。binlog日志屬于二進制文件，我們可以從binlog提取出來生成可閱讀的SQL語句來重建當前數據庫以及根據需要實現時點恢復或不完全恢復。本文主要描述了如果提取binlog日志，并給出相關示例。
有關binlog的介紹與描述請參考：MySQL 二進制日志(Binary Log)
1、提取mysqlbinlog的幾種方式
2、演示show binlog events方式
mysql> show variables like 'version';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+------------+
| version | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+
mysql> show binary logs;
+-----------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-----------------+-----------+
| APP01bin.000001 | 120 |
+-----------------+-----------+
a、只查看第一個binlog文件的內容(show binlog events)
mysql> use replication;
Database changed
mysql> select * from tb;
+------+-------+
| id | val |
+------+-------+
| 1 | robin |
+------+-------+
mysql> insert into tb values(2,'jack');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into tb values(3,'fred');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show binary logs;
+-----------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-----------------+-----------+
| APP01bin.000001 | 409 |
| APP01bin.000002 | 363 |
+-----------------+-----------+
mysql> show binlog events;
+-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| APP01bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 11 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.12-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| APP01bin.000001 | 120 | Query | 11 | 213 | BEGIN |
| APP01bin.000001 | 213 | Query | 11 | 332 | use `replication`; insert into tb values(2,'jack') |
| APP01bin.000001 | 332 | Xid | 11 | 363 | COMMIT /* xid=382 */ |
| APP01bin.000001 | 363 | Rotate | 11 | 409 | APP01bin.000002;pos=4 |
+-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-- 在上面的結果中第3行可以看到我們執行的SQL語句，第4行為自動提交
-- Author : Leshami
-- Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami
b、查看指定binlog文件的內容(show binlog events in 'binname.xxxxx')
mysql> show binlog events in 'APP01bin.000002';
+-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| APP01bin.000002 | 4 | Format_desc | 11 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.12-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| APP01bin.000002 | 120 | Query | 11 | 213 | BEGIN |
| APP01bin.000002 | 213 | Query | 11 | 332 | use `replication`; insert into tb values(3,'fred') |
| APP01bin.000002 | 332 | Xid | 11 | 363 | COMMIT /* xid=394 */ |
+-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
c、查看當前正在寫入的binlog文件(show master status\G)
mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: APP01bin.000002
Position: 363
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
d、獲取指定位置binlog的內容(show binlog events from)
mysql> show binlog events from 213;
+-----------------+-----+------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+-----------------+-----+------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| APP01bin.000001 | 213 | Query | 11 | 332 | use `replication`; insert into tb values(2,'jack') |
| APP01bin.000001 | 332 | Xid | 11 | 363 | COMMIT /* xid=382 */ |
| APP01bin.000001 | 363 | Rotate | 11 | 409 | APP01bin.000002;pos=4 |
+-----------------+-----+------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------+
3、演示mysqlbinlog方式提取binlog
a、提取指定的binlog日志
# mysqlbinlog /opt/data/APP01bin.000001
# mysqlbinlog /opt/data/APP01bin.000001|grep insert
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
insert into tb values(2,'jack')
b、提取指定position位置的binlog日志
# mysqlbinlog --start-position="120" --stop-position="332" /opt/data/APP01bin.000001
c、提取指定position位置的binlog日志并輸出到壓縮文件
# mysqlbinlog --start-position="120" --stop-position="332" /opt/data/APP01bin.000001 |gzip >extra_01.sql.gz
d、提取指定position位置的binlog日志導入數據庫
# mysqlbinlog --start-position="120" --stop-position="332" /opt/data/APP01bin.000001 | mysql -uroot -p
e、提取指定開始時間的binlog并輸出到日志文件
# mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2014-12-15 20:15:23" /opt/data/APP01bin.000002 --result-file=extra02.sql
f、提取指定位置的多個binlog日志文件
# mysqlbinlog --start-position="120" --stop-position="332" /opt/data/APP01bin.000001 /opt/data/APP01bin.000002|more
g、提取指定數據庫binlog并轉換字符集到UTF8
# mysqlbinlog --database=test --set-charset=utf8 /opt/data/APP01bin.000001 /opt/data/APP01bin.000002 >test.sql
h、遠程提取日志，指定結束時間
# mysqlbinlog -urobin -p -h192.168.1.116 -P3306 --stop-datetime="2014-12-15 20:30:23" --read-from-remote-server mysql-bin.000033 |more
i、遠程提取使用row格式的binlog日志并輸出到本地文件
# mysqlbinlog -urobin -p -P3606 -h192.168.1.177 --read-from-remote-server -vv inst3606bin.000005 >row.sql
4、獲取mysqlbinlog的幫助信息(僅列出常用選項)
-d, --database=name
-f, --force-read
-h, --host=name
-l, --local-load=name
-p, --password[=name]
-P, --port=#
--protocol=name
-R, --read-from-remote-server|--read-from-remote-master=name
-r, --result-file=name
-s, --short-form
-S, --socket=name
--start-datetime=name
--stop-datetime=name
-j, --start-position=#
--server-id=#
--set-charset=name
-D, --disable-log-bin
-u, --user=name
-v, --verbose
-V, --version
)
