如何提高gps精度

Tracking your runs, bike rides, and other workouts is fun because you can see how much you’re improving (or, in my case, dismally failing to improve). For it to be effective, though, you have to get the most accurate GPS results possible. A 4 or 5 percent error can be the difference between an average run and a personal best.

跟蹤跑步，騎車和其他鍛煉的過程很有趣，因為您可以看到自己在改進多少(或者就我而言，根本無法改進)。 但是，要使其有效，您必須獲得最準確的GPS結果。 4％或5％的錯誤可能是平均成績與個人最佳成績之間的差異。

GPS如何運作 (How GPS Works)

The Global Position System (GPS) is a seriously complex setup. There are 24 satellites (plus a few spares, at any given time) orbiting about 12,550 miles above the earth every 11 hours and 58 minutes in one of six different orbital planes. That’s four satellites per orbit.

全球定位系統(GPS)是一個非常復雜的設置。 在六個不同的軌道飛機之一中，每11小時58分鐘有24顆衛星(在任何給定時間加上一些備用衛星)繞地球升空約12,550英里。 每個軌道有四顆衛星。

They’re spread out so that there’s always a minimum of four satellites overhead, everywhere on Earth. More often, there are six or eight overhead. GPS satellites constantly transmit their exact time, orbital position, and the status of the rest of the constellation, which is the information that makes GPS work.

它們分散開來，因此地球上到處總是至少有四顆衛星在頭頂上。 通常，有六到八個開銷。 GPS衛星不斷發送其準確的時間，軌道位置以及其余星座的狀態，這就是使GPS工作的信息。

The ground control network is manned by the U.S. Air Force, which coordinates everything and makes sure the GPS network remains accurate.

地面控制網絡由美國空軍負責，可以協調所有工作并確保GPS網絡保持準確。

Then, of course, there’s your receiving device. It collects signals from all the satellites to which it can connect and uses the info they broadcast to calculate your position as accurately as possible. If all’s going well, the results will be accurate to within about 30 feet.

然后，當然有您的接收設備。 它會收集所有可以連接的衛星的信號，并使用它們廣播的信息來盡可能準確地計算您的位置。 如果一切順利，結果將精確到30英尺以內。

Not all GPS receivers are created equal, however. The satellite signals aren’t particularly strong and can be blocked by hills, tall buildings, or even tree canopies and cloud cover. More powerful receivers, though, can pick up fainter signals and possibly even connect with more satellites.

但是，并非所有GPS接收器都是一樣的。 衛星信號不是特別強，可能會被丘陵，高大的建筑物甚至樹冠和云層遮擋。 但是，功能更強大的接收器可以接收微弱的信號，甚至可能與更多的衛星連接。

It’s kind of crazy this is the system I use to track my easy Saturday morning 10k around my local park.

這是我用來跟蹤周六上午10k的簡易系統的系統，這有點瘋狂。

讓您的GPS鎖定 (Let Your GPS Lock On)

GPS is designed for accuracy, not speed. It can take a receiver a few minutes to lock onto the four (or more) satellites necessary for it to calculate an accurate position. This is why apps like Google Maps cheat a bit.

GPS是為準確性而不是速度而設計的。 接收機可能需要花費幾分鐘才能鎖定四顆(或更多顆)衛星，才能計算出準確的位置。 這就是為什么像Google Maps這樣的應用程序有點作弊的原因。

While most smartphones have a real GPS receiver, a lot of their positioning is done by Assisted GPS (at least until they get a GPS lock). It triangulates your position from that of nearby cell towers, rather than just the overhead satellites, which?is a lot faster.

雖然大多數智能手機都具有真正的GPS接收器，但它們的許多定位都是通過輔助GPS完成的(至少直到獲得GPS鎖定為止)。 它可以將您的位置與附近的手機信號塔的位置進行三角測量，而不僅僅是高架衛星，這要快得多。

This is why, when you open Google Maps, you don’t have to wait a few minutes to find out where you are. Of course, it’s a lot less accurate—especially if you want a precise GPS track.

這就是為什么當您打開Goog??le Maps時無需等待幾分鐘即可確定自己的位置的原因。 當然，它的準確性要差很多，尤其是當您需要精確的GPS軌跡時。

Before you go on a run or a ride, turn on the device or open the app you use and give it a few minutes to connect to the full GPS constellation. Use this as an opportunity to stretch or warm-up.

在跑步或乘車之前，請打開設備或打開您使用的應用，然后花幾分鐘的時間連接到完整的GPS星座。 以此為契機進行拉伸或熱身。

Some devices, like those made by Garmin, will let you know when they’ve got a good lock. Others, however, like the Apple Watch, will not—you’ll just have to cross your fingers and give them some time.

有些設備(例如Garmin制造的設備)會在鎖好后通知您。 但是，其他產品(如Apple Watch)則不會—您只需要交叉手指并給它們一些時間。

使用專用的GPS設備 (Use a Dedicated GPS Device)

Instead of using your smartphone, here are a few reasons why you might want to get a GPS running watch or cycling computer:

可能不希望使用智能手機，而是出于以下原因，您可能想要購買GPS跑步表或單車心率表：

• Battery life: Receiving GPS signals takes quite a bit of power. If you also want to use your smartphone to listen to music (or have enough charge left to call someone in an emergency), it’s better to have a dedicated GPS device.

  電池壽命：接收GPS信號會消耗大量電量。 如果您還想使用智能手機聽音樂(或者還有足夠的電量可以在緊急情況下打電話給某人)，最好使用專用的GPS設備。

• Convenience: Wrist- or handlebar-mounted GPS units are easier to use than a smartphone that’s stashed away in your bag, pocket, or armband. They also give you live updates about your speed and distance.

  便利性：腕上或車把上安裝的GPS單元比藏在包，口袋或臂章中的智能手機更易于使用。 他們還為您提供有關速度和距離的實時更新。

• Accuracy: Although no device is 100 percent accurate, dedicated GPS devices tend to be more so. They can also use predictive algorithms based on your bike speed, stride length, or cadence if they lose a signal.

  準確性：盡管沒有一種設備能100％地準確，但專用GPS設備往往更準確。 如果他們失去信號，他們還可以根據您的自行車速度，步幅或步調使用預測算法。

• Better GPS chips: Dedicated devices tend to use higher-end GPS receivers that can pick up fainter signals.

  更好的GPS芯片：專用設備傾向于使用可以接收微弱信號的高端GPS接收器。

If you don’t want to use a dedicated GPS device (or just can’t afford one at the moment), try a few different apps and see which one gives you the best results.

如果您不想使用專用的GPS設備(或者目前無法負擔得起)，請嘗試一些不同的應用程序，然后看看哪一個可以為您帶來最佳效果。

I’ve had success with iSmoothRun and Runkeeper. Strava and the Fitbit app both seem to overestimate distance a bit too much.

我在iSmoothRun和Runkeeper上取得了成功。 Strava和Fitbit應用程序似乎都高估了距離。

觀看訓練的地方 (Watch Where You Train)

GPS signals can easily be blocked by overhanging trees or the steep sides of a gorge. Tall buildings can also reflect them and confuse the calculations. Remember, your receiver needs to see a minimum of four satellites to accurately place you. If its view of the sky is blocked, it will likely struggle.

懸垂的樹木或峽谷的陡峭側面很容易阻擋GPS信號。 高層建筑也可以反映它們并使計算混亂。 請記住，您的接收器至少需要看到四顆衛星才能正確放置您。 如果它的天空視野被遮擋，則可能會掙扎。

If you need a GPS track that’s as accurate as possible, say for a virtual marathon, or to set a personal best, then carefully consider your route. Find a nice open-air track or park and run there instead of dodging through alleys or charging down steep hills in the woods.

如果您需要盡可能精確的GPS軌跡(例如進行虛擬馬拉松比賽或設置個人最佳成績)，請仔細考慮您的路線。 找到一條不錯的露天跑道或公園，然后在那兒奔跑，而不是躲在小巷中或在樹林中陡峭的山坡上沖刺。

如果可能，啟用輔助衛星星座 (Enable Secondary Satellite Constellations If Possible)

GPS isn’t the only Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). There’s also GLONASS (Russian), Galileo (European Union), and a few others.

GPS不是唯一的全球導航衛星系統(GNSS)。 還有俄羅斯的GLONASS，歐盟的伽利略(Galileo)和其他一些。

Some devices, like the Apple Watch, can receive signals from those and will automatically connect to the strongest one. Others, like some Garmin watches, require that you manually enable secondary satellite constellations. Your device’s battery life will take a small hit, but it’s probably worth it.

某些設備(例如Apple Watch)可以接收來自這些設備的信號，并會自動連接到最強的設備。 其他產品，例如某些Garmin手表，則要求您手動啟用輔助衛星星座。 設備的電池壽命會受到很大的影響，但這可能是值得的。

每次都使用相同的設置 (Use the Same Setup Each Time)

No GPS setup is perfectly accurate, but most of them are at least consistent in how they track things.

沒有GPS設置能夠完全準確，但是大多數GPS至少在跟蹤方式方面保持一致。

My Apple Watch, for example, always uses the same cadence and stride length info to fill in any gaps in the GPS track. While the overall track might be out by a percentage or two, it’s almost always going to be out in the same way.

例如，我的Apple Watch始終使用相同的節奏和步幅信息來填補GPS軌跡中的任何間隙。 雖然總體進度可能會超出一兩個百分點，但幾乎總是會以相同的方式出現。

If I were to switch to a Garmin watch, it would use a different algorithm to smooth out my route, so it would be difficult to compare to my past results. This is why it’s also a good idea to use the same app to log your workouts. Otherwise, you won’t know if you really ran faster, or if the difference is just due to how the devices or services calculated the distance.

如果我要改用Garmin手表，它將使用不同的算法來簡化路線，因此很難與我以前的結果進行比較。 這就是為什么最好使用相同的應用來記錄您的鍛煉情況。 否則，您將不知道自己是否真正運行得更快，或者差異是否僅是由于設備或服務如何計算距離而引起的。

This doesn’t mean you should never upgrade your device. Rather, just try to keep your setup as similar as possible. Wear your watch on the same wrist and track things in the same app with the same settings. It’ll keep your training history far more accurate.

這并不意味著您永遠不應該升級設備。 相反，只要嘗試使您的設置盡可能相似即可。 將手表戴在同一只手腕上，并以相同的設置在同一應用程序中跟蹤事物。 這樣可以使您的訓練歷史記錄更加準確。

接受那不是完美的 (Accept That It Won’t Be Perfect)

GPS apps are a wonderful tool for tracking your training, but that’s all they are. Don’t put too much stock in their results—especially the live pace updates, which are incredibly error-prone.

GPS應用程序是跟蹤訓練的絕佳工具，僅此而已。 不要在結果中投入太多的精力，尤其是實時節奏更新，這很容易出錯。

If you were 10 seconds slower, maybe you were just slower. But it could also be a tracking error. Focus on enjoying your workouts and treat your training record as a bonus.

如果您慢10秒鐘，也許您只是慢了一點。 但這也可能是跟蹤錯誤。 專注于享受鍛煉并將訓練記錄作為獎勵。

Of course, if you really want to know how fast your 5k time is, head to a track and run 12.5 laps with a simple stopwatch—it’ll tell you exactly what pace you held.

當然，如果您真的想知道5k的速度有多快，請前往跑道并用簡單的秒表跑12.5圈-它會告訴您確切的步伐。

翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/683865/how-to-improve-gps-tracking-accuracy-in-your-workout-apps/

如何提高gps精度