多線程環境下,會出現線程不安全的問題,所以要對某些方法加鎖以保證線程安全
但是如果方法過多,每個方法前后都加這么一句,有點麻煩了,而且代碼可讀性也會差一些。可以使用aop切面編程,對某些加有特定注解(自定義注解)的方法做加鎖操作即可。
自定義注解
@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented public @interface Lock {String description() default ""; }
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定義切面類
public class LockAspect {private static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(false);//互斥鎖 參數默認false,不公平鎖/*** 思考:為什么不用synchronized* service 默認是單例的,并發下lock只有一個實例*///Service層切點 用于記錄錯誤日志@Pointcut("@annotation(com.example.thread.threaddemo.Lock)")public void lockAspect() {}@Around("lockAspect()")public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) {lock.lock();Object obj = null;try {obj = joinPoint.proceed();} catch (Throwable e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {lock.unlock();}return obj;} }下圖中箭頭處改為自己的自定義注解類的全路徑,就是包名加類名
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準備測試,用售票的例子
@Service public class Ticket1 implements Runnable {private int tickets = 100;@Override@Lockpublic void run() {while (tickets > 0) { // synchronized (Ticket.class) {if (tickets > 0) {tickets--;System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在賣票,還剩下" + tickets + "張");} // }try {// 休眠一秒,讓執行的效果更明顯Thread.sleep(100);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}public static void main(String[] args) {Ticket1 ticket = new Ticket1();Thread t1 = new Thread(ticket, "窗口一:");Thread t2 = new Thread(ticket, "窗口二:");Thread t3 = new Thread(ticket, "窗口三:");t1.start();t2.start();t3.start();} }
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把synchronized鎖的代碼注釋掉了,還需要在方法上加上自定義注解 @Lock
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