一、實驗拓撲
二、實驗要求
1、R4為ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4與其他所直連設備間均使用公有IP;
2、R3-R5、R6、R7為MGRE環境,R3為中心站點;
3、整個OSPF環境IP基于172.16.0.0/16劃分;除了R12有兩個環回,其他路由器均有一個環回IP
4、所有設備均可訪問R4的環回;
5、減少LSA的更新量,加快收斂,保障更新安全;
6、全網可達;
三、實驗步驟
1、IP地址劃分
整個OSPF環境基于172.16.0.0/16劃分。從拓撲圖看出本實驗共有六個區域,可依據廣播域數量或區域數來劃分網段。
物理線路:10個廣播域
環回:13個廣播域
方法一:按廣播域劃分——主機位借5位——掩碼21
172.16.0000 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.0.0/21
172.16.0000 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.8.0/21
172.16.0001 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.16.0/21
172.16.0001 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.24.0/21
172.16.0010 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.32.0/21
172.16.0010 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.40.0/21
172.16.0011 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.48.0/21
172.16.0011 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.56.0/21
172.16.0100 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.64.0/21
172.16.0100 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.72.0/21
172.16.0101 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.80.0/21
172.16.0101?1000.0000? 0000——172.16.88.0/21
172.16.0110 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.96.0/21
172.16.0110 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.104.0/21
172.16.0111 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.112.0/21
172.16.0111 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.120.0/21
172.16.1000 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.128.0/21
172.16.1000 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.136.0/21
172.16.1001 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.144.0/21
172.16.1001 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.152.0/21
172.16.1010 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.160.0/21
172.16.1010 1000.0000? 0000——172.16.168.0/21
172.16.1011 0000.0000? 0000——172.16.176.0/21
方法二:按區域劃分——主機位借3位——掩碼19
(1)172.16.0000.0000.0000 0000——172.16.0.0/19——area0
172.16.0000.0000.0000 0000——172.16.0.0/24
172.16.0000.0001.0000 0000——172.16.1.0/24
172.16.0000.0010.0000 0000——172.16.2.0/24
172.16.0000.0011.0000 0000——172.16.3.0/24
172.16.0000.0100.0000 0000——172.16.4.0/24
172.16.0000.0101.0000 0000——172.16.5.0/24
172.16.0000.0110.0000 0000——172.16.6.0/24
(2)172.16.0010.0000.0000 0000——172.16.32.0/19——area1
(3)172.16.0100.0000.0000 0000——172.16.64.0/19——area2
(4)172.16.0110.0000.0000 0000——172.16.96.0/19——area3
方法一:
172.16.0110.0000.0000 0000——172.16.96.0/21
172.16.0110.1000.0000 0000——172.16.104.0/21
172.16.0111.0000.0000 0000——172.16.112.0/21
方法二:
172.16.0110.0000.0000 0000——172.16.96.0/24——P2P
172.16.0110.0001.0000 0000——172.16.97.0/24——MA
172.16.0110.0001.0000 0000——172.16.97.0/30
172.16.0110.0001.0000 0000——172.16.97.4/30
172.16.0110.0010.0000 0000——172.16.98.0/24——L0
(5)172.16.1000.0000.0000 0000——172.16.128.0/19——area4
(6)172.16.1010.0000.0000 0000——172.16.160.0/19——RIP區域
172.16.1010.0000.0000 0000——172.16.160.0/24——L0
172.16.1010.0001.0000 0000——172.16.161.0/24——L1
2、配置設備接口IP地址
R1:
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24
R2:
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24
R3:
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24
R4:
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s3/0/0
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial3/0/0]int s4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R4-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 2
[R4-Serial4/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24
R5:
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 2
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24
R6:
[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 30
[R6]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24
R7:
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24
R8:
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.8 24
R9:
[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24
R10:
[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24
R11:
[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]iq
[R11]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24
R12:
[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24
3、公網通:配置公網靜態路由
R3:
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4
R5:
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
R6:
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
R7:
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4
4、配置OSPF和RIP
R1:
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]a 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.34.1 0.0.0.0
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.25
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255
R5:
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 1
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
R8:
[R8]ospf 1 rou
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]a 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
R9:
[R9]ospf 1 rou
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
[R9-ospf-1]a 2
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
R10:
[R10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-1]a 4
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
R11:
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.66.0 0.0.0.255
R12:
[R12]ospf 12 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-12]a 2
[R12-ospf-12-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0
[R12-ospf-12]q
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]v 2
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]net 172.16.0.0
5、路由引入
R12:單項路由引入
[R12]ospf 12
[R12-ospf-12]import-route rip 1
R9:雙向路由引入
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9-ospf-1]q
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
6、配置MGRE
R3:
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.3
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 1000
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R5:
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.5 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 1000
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R6:
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R6]int t
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 1000
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R7:
[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 1000
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
7、宣告隧道地址
以R3為例,R5、R6、R7同R3
R3:
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255