Linux：iptables防火墻部署優化之連接轉移（目的地地址轉化）

node1操作

檢測ip情況

#查看網卡的ip信息
[root@node1 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope hostvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:33:49:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffaltname enp3s0altname ens160inet 172.25.254.200/24 brd 172.25.254.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::fa94:b632:5bd6:a146/64 scope link noprefixroutevalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:33:49:4a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffaltname enp19s0altname ens224inet 192.168.0.100/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::518f:2870:1a4c:178f/64 scope link noprefixroutevalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

關閉firewalld防火墻服務，并鎖定該服務

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
Removed "/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service".
Removed "/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service".# 鎖定firewalld服務
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl mask firewalld.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/firewalld.service → /dev/null.

開啟iptables服務

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable --now iptables.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/iptables.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/iptables.service.

清空iptables的默認策略

[root@node1 ~]# iptables -F
[root@node1 ~]# iptables -nL
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destinationChain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destinationChain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

開啟內核路由轉發功能

# 發現內核路由轉發功能未開啟
[root@node1 ~]# sysctl -a | grep ip_forward
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.ip_forward_update_priority = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward_use_pmtu = 0# 修改配置文件，開啟內核路由轉發功能
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@node1 ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1[root@node1 ~]# sysctl -a | grep ip_forward
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward_update_priority = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward_use_pmtu = 0

配置iptables的策略，實現連接轉移（目的地地址轉換）

[root@server100 ~]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-dest 192.168.0.200[root@server100 ~]# iptables -t nat -L
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
DNAT       all  --  anywhere             anywhere             to:192.168.0.200Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destinationChain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destinationChain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

node2測試，是否可以登錄轉移

ssh root@172.25.254.100
Warning: Permanently added '172.25.254.100' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.25.254.100's password:
Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socketRegister this system with Red Hat Insights: insights-client --register
Create an account or view all your systems at https://red.ht/insights-dashboard
Last login: Thu May 16 20:09:18 2024 from 192.168.0.1
[root@node2 ~]#
[root@node2 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope hostvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:8c:36:ce brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffaltname enp3s0altname ens160inet 192.168.0.200/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::261:1a18:738d:cacb/64 scope link noprefixroutevalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

這里原來是登錄到node1主機，但是卻登錄到了node2主機