解決opencv在arm64上提示找不到libjasper-dev的問題。

本文首發于?慕雪的寒舍

問題說明

最近我在嘗試編譯opencv，安裝依賴項libjasper1和libjasper-dev的時候就遇到了這個問題。在amd64平臺上，我們可以通過下面的命令安裝（ubuntu18.04）

apt-get install -y software-properties-common 
add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
apt-get -y update 
apt-get install -y libjasper1 libjasper-dev

但是在arm64的機器上，這個新添加的源會提示404。注意404不是網絡問題，而是指定的文件不存在。根據這里顯示的url，其實就是因為binary-arm64這個路徑不存在。

Err:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main arm64 Packages404  Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.83 80]
Fetched 106 kB in 2s (44.6 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/main/binary-arm64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.83 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

解決方案

根據這篇博客，arm架構的ubuntu18.04需要使用下面的方式安裝這兩個庫。

將下面的清華源寫入/etc/apt/sources.list文件的末尾（注意，如果你執行過上文的命令錯誤添加了會404的源，需要將那個源注釋掉）

deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe

修改文件之后，執行如下命令就可以安裝了。

apt-get -y update 
apt-get install -y libjasper1 libjasper-dev

安裝成功的輸出如下

root@ubuntu-linux-22-04-02-desktop:/# apt-get install -y libjasper1 libjasper-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree   
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:libjasper-runtime
The following NEW packages will be installed:libjasper-dev libjasper1
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 613 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1327 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports xenial-security/main arm64 libjasper1 arm64 1.900.1-debian1-2.4ubuntu1.3 [111 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports xenial-security/main arm64 libjasper-dev arm64 1.900.1-debian1-2.4ubuntu1.3 [502 kB]
Fetched 613 kB in 1s (758 kB/s)    
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 76, <> line 2.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
Selecting previously unselected package libjasper1:arm64.
(Reading database ... 67223 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libjasper1_1.900.1-debian1-2.4ubuntu1.3_arm64.deb ...

搞定！