#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>// 函數聲明
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window);
void checkShaderCompileStatus(unsigned int shader, const std::string& type);
void checkProgramLinkStatus(unsigned int program);// 著色器源代碼
const char* vertexShaderSource = R"(
#version 330 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 aColor;
out vec3 ourColor;
void main()
{gl_Position = vec4(aPos, 1.0);ourColor = aColor;gl_PointSize = 20.0f;
}
)";const char* fragmentShaderSource = R"(
#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
in vec3 ourColor;
void main()
{FragColor = vec4(ourColor, 1.0f);
}
)";int main()
{// 初始化 GLFWif (!glfwInit()) {std::cerr << "Failed to initialize GLFW" << std::endl;return -1;}// 配置 GLFWglfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);// 創建窗口GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(800, 600, "LearnOpenGL", nullptr, nullptr);if (!window) {std::cerr << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;glfwTerminate();return -1;}glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);// 初始化 GLADif (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress)) {std::cerr << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;glfwTerminate();return -1;}// 配置全局 OpenGL 狀態glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600);glEnable(GL_PROGRAM_POINT_SIZE);glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f); // 深灰色背景// 定義頂點數據float vertices[] = {// 位置              // 顏色0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,  // 右下 - 紅色-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,  // 左下 - 綠色0.0f,  0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f   // 頂部 - 藍色};// 創建并配置 VAO 和 VBOunsigned int VAO, VBO;glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);glBindVertexArray(VAO);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);// 位置屬性glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);// 顏色屬性glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);// 解綁 VAO (不是必須的，但良好的習慣)glBindVertexArray(0);// 創建并編譯著色器unsigned int vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, nullptr);glCompileShader(vertexShader);checkShaderCompileStatus(vertexShader, "VERTEX");unsigned int fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, nullptr);glCompileShader(fragmentShader);checkShaderCompileStatus(fragmentShader, "FRAGMENT");// 創建著色器程序并鏈接unsigned int shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);checkProgramLinkStatus(shaderProgram);// 刪除著色器對象 (已鏈接到程序中，不再需要)glDeleteShader(vertexShader);glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);// 主渲染循環while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {// 輸入處理processInput(window);// 渲染glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);// 繪制三角形glUseProgram(shaderProgram);glBindVertexArray(VAO);glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);// 交換緩沖區和輪詢事件glfwSwapBuffers(window);glfwPollEvents();}// 清理資源glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);glDeleteProgram(shaderProgram);glfwTerminate();return 0;
}// 回調函數定義
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}void processInput(GLFWwindow* window)
{if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
}// 著色器編譯錯誤檢查
void checkShaderCompileStatus(unsigned int shader, const std::string& type)
{int success;char infoLog[512];glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);std::cerr << "ERROR::SHADER::" << type << "::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;}
}// 程序鏈接錯誤檢查
void checkProgramLinkStatus(unsigned int program)
{int success;char infoLog[512];glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);if (!success) {glGetProgramInfoLog(program, 512, nullptr, infoLog);std::cerr << "ERROR::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;}
}

著色器 - LearnOpenGL CN