Docker 容器的使用

1.容器的基本信息

[root@host1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED        STATUS                    PORTS     NAMES
9ac8245b5b08   img-layers-test   "python /app/app.py"   45 hours ago   Exited (0) 45 hours ago             crazy_kowalevski
49e91767b48d   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            2 days ago     Exited (0) 2 days ago               frosty_lichterman
38b001022f7a   hello-world       "/hello"               2 days ago     Exited (0) 2 days ago               intelligent_brahmagupta

2.創建并同時啟用容器

? ? ? ? 1.啟動容器執行命令后自動終止容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker run ubuntu /bin/echo這是一個自動終止的容器

? ? ? ? 2.啟動容器并允許用戶與容器進行交互

[root@host1 ~]# docker run -it ubuntu /bin/bash
root@7ab5ac9bc007:/# ls
bin   dev  home  lib64  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
boot  etc  lib   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@7ab5ac9bc007:/# exit
exit

? ? ? ? 3.啟動容器并讓其以守護進程的形式在后臺進行

????????

? ? ? ? 啟動一個 Web 服務器的容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 --name testweb httpd
Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
ce1261c6d567: Pull complete 
aeb6d226161f: Pull complete 
4f4fb700ef54: Pull complete 
56926e6ce68f: Pull complete 
4938babf7b43: Pull complete 
307fcc49c641: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:027c678f36d3cd3dd2b44ad1e963e81be66f9eba065381c1126d3019fffeb01a
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
65a371a8cacbd13cb81b7adcf599f913491667de97c4eb27903bcf5cd8ad9e9a

????????65a371a8cacbd13cb81b7adcf599f913491667de97c4eb27903bcf5cd8ad9e9a 是返回唯一容器標識

? ? ? ? 通過?docker ps 查看正在進行的容器的信息

[root@host1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                 NAMES
65a371a8cacb   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, [::]:80->80/tcp   testweb

? ? ? ? 通過 docker logs 命令來獲取容器的日志信息

[root@host1 ~]# docker logs testweb
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Wed Sep 10 03:36:14.497106 2025] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 1] AH00489: Apache/2.4.65 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Wed Sep 10 03:36:14.497185 2025] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 1] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'

3.掌握容器的其他常用操作

? ? ? ? 1.創建容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker create -i -t busybox
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
80bfbb8a41a2: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:ab33eacc8251e3807b85bb6dba570e4698c3998eca6f0fc2ccb60575a563ea74
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
c8efe28b118e9e11920b797ae085d7e31babed65c7116a54ee77722bdef5e4db   #返回容器 ID

? ? ? ? 2.啟動容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker start c8efe2    #c8efe2 為容器 ID 前六位
c8efe2

? ? ? ? 3.停止容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker stop c8efe2
c8efe2

? ? ? ? 4.重命名容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker run -d httpd
d3ff35d7b487c64e38395000bc18be0e89d62238c1f04140b4ffebd77209a2af
[root@host1 ~]# docker rename d3ff35 myweb
[root@host1 ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
d3ff35d7b487   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   55 seconds ago   Up 54 seconds   80/tcp    myweb

? ? ? ? 5.顯示容器列表

? ? ? ? 列出所有容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS                                 NAMES
d3ff35d7b487   httpd             "httpd-foreground"     2 minutes ago    Up 2 minutes                 80/tcp                                myweb
c8efe28b118e   busybox           "sh"                   8 minutes ago    Exited (137) 4 minutes ago                                         stoic_raman
65a371a8cacb   httpd             "httpd-foreground"     17 minutes ago   Up 17 minutes                0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, [::]:80->80/tcp   testweb
7ab5ac9bc007   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            25 minutes ago   Exited (0) 25 minutes ago                                          inspiring_joliot
b97f426e8369   ubuntu            "/bin/echo"            25 minutes ago   Exited (0) 25 minutes ago                                          friendly_chaplygin
9ac8245b5b08   img-layers-test   "python /app/app.py"   45 hours ago     Exited (0) 45 hours ago                                            crazy_kowalevski
49e91767b48d   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                                              frosty_lichterman
38b001022f7a   hello-world       "/hello"               2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                                              intelligent_brahmagupta

? ? ? ? 列出已停止的容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker ps --filter status=exited
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
c8efe28b118e   busybox           "sh"                   9 minutes ago    Exited (137) 6 minutes ago             stoic_raman
7ab5ac9bc007   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            26 minutes ago   Exited (0) 26 minutes ago              inspiring_joliot
b97f426e8369   ubuntu            "/bin/echo"            27 minutes ago   Exited (0) 27 minutes ago              friendly_chaplygin
9ac8245b5b08   img-layers-test   "python /app/app.py"   45 hours ago     Exited (0) 45 hours ago                crazy_kowalevski
49e91767b48d   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                  frosty_lichterman
38b001022f7a   hello-world       "/hello"               2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                  intelligent_brahmagupta

? ? ? ? 由 docker ps 命令獲取符合條件的容器（暫停正在運行的所有容器）

[root@host1 ~]# docker pause $(docker ps -f status=running -q)
d3ff35d7b487
65a371a8cacb

? ? ? ? 6.查看容器的詳細信息

? ? ? ? 獲取指定 ID 的容器名稱

[root@host1 ~]# docker inspect --format='{{.Name}}' d3ff35d7b487
/myweb

? ? ? ? 通過 JSON 格式的 State 子節點獲取容器的狀態元數據

[root@host1 ~]# docker inspect --format='{{json .State }}' myweb
{"Status":"paused","Running":true,"Paused":true,"Restarting":false,"OOMKilled":false,"Dead":false,"Pid":263525,"ExitCode":0,"Error":"","StartedAt":"2025-09-10T03:51:28.991192754Z","FinishedAt":"0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}

? ? ? ? 7.進入容器

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? （1）使用 docker attach 命令連接到正在進行的容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker run -d --name topdemo ubuntu /usr/bin/top -b
a3cb60a0093c4ded26fea5004383b4af8505aa524fb2d5da0d5aa8f4e6f9062a
[root@host1 ~]# docker attach topdemotop - 04:09:08 up 48 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.25, 0.66, 0.52
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.4 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5884.7 free,   1071.8 used,    965.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6577.1 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5164   3104 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:09:11 up 48 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.25, 0.66, 0.52
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.7 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5887.3 free,   1069.2 used,    965.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6579.6 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5164   3104 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:09:14 up 48 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.23, 0.65, 0.51
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5888.7 free,   1067.7 used,    965.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6581.1 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5164   3104 R   0.3   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:09:17 up 48 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.21, 0.64, 0.51
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5887.6 free,   1068.9 used,    965.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6579.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5164   3104 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:09:20 up 48 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.21, 0.64, 0.51
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5888.8 free,   1067.6 used,    965.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6581.2 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5164   3104 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:09:23 up 49 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.19, 0.62, 0.51
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.7 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5887.7 free,   1068.8 used,    965.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6580.0 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5164   3104 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 top^C
[root@host1 ~]# docker ps -a | grep topdemo
a3cb60a0093c   ubuntu            "/usr/bin/top -b"      About a minute ago   Exited (0) 28 seconds ag
o                                           topdemo

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 在執行??docker attach 命令連接容器時加上 --sig-proxy=false 選項，確保按 Ctrl + C 組合鍵不會停止容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker attach --sig-proxy=false topdemo
You cannot attach to a stopped container, start it first
[root@host1 ~]# docker ps -a | grep topdemo
a3cb60a0093c   ubuntu            "/usr/bin/top -b"      6 minutes ago    Exited (0) 5 minutes ago    topdemo
[root@host1 ~]# docker start topdemo
topdemo
[root@host1 ~]# docker attach --sig-proxy=false topdemotop - 04:16:09 up 55 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.15, 0.31
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.3 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5882.9 free,   1072.7 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6576.1 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.01 toptop - 04:16:12 up 55 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.15, 0.31
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.3 us,  1.4 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5879.4 free,   1076.2 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6572.6 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.01 toptop - 04:16:15 up 55 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.15, 0.31
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5880.6 free,   1075.1 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6573.7 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.01 toptop - 04:16:18 up 55 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.31
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5880.7 free,   1074.9 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6573.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.01 toptop - 04:16:21 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.31
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.3 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.4 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5880.0 free,   1075.6 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6573.2 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.3   0.1   0:00.02 top^Ctop - 04:16:24 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.31
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.3 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5883.4 free,   1072.2 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6576.6 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:27 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5885.1 free,   1070.5 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6578.3 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:30 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5888.7 free,   1066.9 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6581.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:33 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5887.0 free,   1068.6 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6580.2 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:36 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.14, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5885.4 free,   1070.2 used,    966.0 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6578.6 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:39 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.13, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5889.4 free,   1066.1 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6582.7 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:42 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.13, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.6 us,  1.4 sy,  0.0 ni, 97.9 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5888.5 free,   1067.1 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6581.7 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:45 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.13, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5887.6 free,   1067.9 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6580.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 top^Ctop - 04:16:48 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.13, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.4 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5885.8 free,   1069.7 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6579.1 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:51 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.13, 0.30
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5885.4 free,   1070.1 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6578.7 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:16:54 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.13, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 97.9 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5888.1 free,   1067.4 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6581.4 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 top^[top - 04:16:57 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5882.4 free,   1073.1 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6575.7 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:17:00 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5877.8 free,   1077.7 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6571.1 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:17:03 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5880.8 free,   1074.7 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6574.1 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:17:06 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 97.9 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5882.1 free,   1073.4 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6575.4 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:17:09 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5880.4 free,   1075.1 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6573.7 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.02 toptop - 04:17:12 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5883.6 free,   1071.9 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6576.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.3   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:15 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.3 us,  0.7 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5885.7 free,   1069.8 used,    966.1 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6579.0 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:18 up 56 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5887.5 free,   1067.9 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6580.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:21 up 57 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.12, 0.29
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5886.6 free,   1068.9 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6579.9 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:24 up 57 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.11, 0.28
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.4 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5884.3 free,   1071.2 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6577.6 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:27 up 57 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.11, 0.28
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.3 us,  0.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5883.2 free,   1072.2 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6576.6 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:30 up 57 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.11, 0.28
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 97.9 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5880.8 free,   1074.6 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6574.2 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:33 up 57 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.11, 0.28
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.3 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5881.7 free,   1073.8 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6575.0 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 toptop - 04:17:36 up 57 min,  0 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.11, 0.28
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.5 us,  1.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.1 hi,  0.1 si,  0.0 st 
MiB Mem :   7648.8 total,   5874.6 free,   1080.8 used,    966.2 buff/cache     
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   6568.0 avail Mem PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND1 root      20   0    8716   5280   3224 R   0.0   0.1   0:00.03 top^Z
[1]+  已停止               docker attach --sig-proxy=false topdemo

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? （2）使用 docker exec 命令在正在運行的容器上執行命令

[root@host1 ~]# docker start topdemo
topdemo
[root@host1 ~]# docker exec -it topdemo /bin/bash
root@a3cb60a0093c:/# psPID TTY          TIME CMD7 pts/0    00:00:00 bash15 pts/0    00:00:00 ps
root@a3cb60a0093c:/# exit
exit
[root@host1 ~]# docker ps | grep topdemo
a3cb60a0093c   ubuntu    "/usr/bin/top -b"    13 minutes ago   Up 6 minutes                          topdemo

? ? ? ? 8.刪除容器

[root@host1 ~]# docker rm -f topdemo
topdemo
[root@host1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS                                 NAMES
d3ff35d7b487   httpd             "httpd-foreground"     35 minutes ago   Up 35 minutes (Paused)        80/tcp                                myweb
c8efe28b118e   busybox           "sh"                   42 minutes ago   Exited (137) 38 minutes ago                                         stoic_raman
65a371a8cacb   httpd             "httpd-foreground"     51 minutes ago   Up 51 minutes (Paused)        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, [::]:80->80/tcp   testweb
7ab5ac9bc007   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            59 minutes ago   Exited (0) 58 minutes ago                                           inspiring_joliot
b97f426e8369   ubuntu            "/bin/echo"            59 minutes ago   Exited (0) 59 minutes ago                                           friendly_chaplygin
9ac8245b5b08   img-layers-test   "python /app/app.py"   46 hours ago     Exited (0) 46 hours ago                                             crazy_kowalevski
49e91767b48d   ubuntu            "/bin/bash"            2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                                               frosty_lichterman
38b001022f7a   hello-world       "/hello"               2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                                               intelligent_brahmagupta

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