英語表達年代和世紀
- 1. Century (世紀)
- 1.1. Start and end of centuries
- 2. Decade (年代)
- 2.1. Usage
- 3. 英語表達年代和世紀
- 4. Homework
- References
XXX0 年代指 XXX0 年 - XXX9 年的連續 10 年,例如 1760 年代指 1760 年至 1769 年這連續 10 年。
XX 世紀 X0 年代指 XX 世紀 X0 - X9 的連續 10 年,例如 18 世紀 60 年代,等同于 1760 年代,即 1760 年至 1769 年這連續 10 年。
1. Century (世紀)
A century is a period of 100 years or 10 decades. The word century comes from the Latin centum, meaning one hundred. Century is sometimes abbreviated as c.
一個世紀代表一百年,通常是指連續的一百年。
century /'sent??r?/ n. 世紀,百年;(板球) 一百分
1.1. Start and end of centuries
Although a century can mean any arbitrary period of 100 years, there are two viewpoints on the nature of standard centuries. One is based on strict construction, while the other is based on popular perception.
perception /p??sep?n/ n. 感知 (能力);覺察 (力),認識,觀念,看法
Strict vs Popular usage:
According to the strict construction, the 1st century AD, which began with AD 1, ended with AD 100, and the 2nd century with AD 200; in this model, the n n n-th century starts with a year that follows a year with a multiple of 100 (except the first century as it began after the year 1 BC) and ends with the next coming year with a multiple of 100 (100n), i.e. the 20th century comprises the years 1901 to 2000, and the 21st century comprises the years 2001 to 2100 in strict usage.
In common perception and practice, centuries are structured by grouping years based on sharing the ‘hundreds’ digit(s). In this model, the n n n-th century starts with the year that ends in “00” and ends with the year ending in “99”; for example, in popular culture, the years 1900 to 1999 constitute the 20th century, and the years 2000 to 2099 constitute the 21st century. (This is similar to the grouping of “0-to-9 decades” which share the ‘tens’ digit.)
2. Decade (年代)
decade /?deke?d/ n. 十年,十年期;十
A decade is a period of 10 years. Decades may describe any 10-year period, such as those of a person’s life, or refer to specific groupings of calendar years.
年代,也稱為十年紀,1 個年代一般為連續的 10 年。
如果某一年能被 10 整除,那么當年及此后 9 年共 10 年稱為 1 個年代,即 XXX0 年到 XXX9 年為一個年代。
2.1. Usage
Usage methods compared:
- 0-to-9 decade
The most widely used method for denominating decades is to group years based on their shared tens digit, from a year ending in a 0 to a year ending in a 9 - for example, the period from 1960 to 1969 is the 1960s, and the period from 1970 to 1979 is the 1970s.
最廣泛使用的年代命名方法是根據年份的共同十位數字分組,從以 0 結尾的年份到以 9 結尾的年分為一組。例如,從 1960 年到 1969 年的時期是 1960 年代,而時期從 1970 年到 1979 年是 1970 年代。
- 1-to-0 decade
A rarer approach groups years from the beginning of the AD calendar era to produce successive decades from a year ending in a 1 to a year ending in a 0, with the years 1-10 described as “the 1st decade”, years 11-20 “the 2nd decade”, and so on.
一種更罕見的方法是將公元歷紀元開始的年份分組,以產生從以 1 結尾的年份到以 0 結尾的年份的連續年代,其中 1-10 年被描述為“第一個年代”,11-20 年為“第二個年代”,以此類推,保證了每個年代均為 10 年。
3. 英語表達年代和世紀
https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/chinese/features/q-and-a/ep-210120
BBC Learning English was founded decades ago in the 1940s. We’ve been teaching English to people around the world for more than half a century.
BBC 英語教學成立于 20 世紀 40 年代。半個多世紀以來,我們一直為世界各地的人教英語。
- 特定的年代 (decade)
the + 某年代初始年 + s:某年代
如果想用英語表示一個具體的年代,需要在該年代的初始年后加上小寫字母 s,前面加定冠詞 the。例如 “1970 年代”寫作 the 1970s,讀作 the nineteen-seventies,表示 20 世紀 70 年代。
the 1980s (the nineteen-eighties)
20 世紀 80 年代,1980 年到 1989 年的這十年的時間。
the 1800s (the eighteen hundreds)
19 世紀,1800 年至 1899 年的這一百年的時間。
19 世紀頭十年,1800 年到 1809 年的這十年的時間。
the 1960s (the nineteen-sixties)
20 世紀 60 年代,1960 年到 1969 年的這十年的時間。
a decade 十年
A decade later, the company has gone from strength to strength.
十年后,該公司已經逐漸壯大。
in a decade's time 在十年的時間里
in the next decade 未來十年
decade-long 十年之久的
My uncle was born in the 1960s (the nineteen-sixties).
我叔叔出生于 20 世紀 60 年代。
It’s said that the poet wrote this poem in the 1820s, but the exact year is unknown.
據說詩人在 19 世紀 20 年代寫了這首詩,但具體年份不詳。
I can’t believe you haven’t heard of her! She was the most popular singer in the 80s.
我不敢相信你沒聽說過她!她是 80 年代最受歡迎的歌手。
- 特定的世紀 (century)
the + 某世紀的序數詞 + century:某世紀
對于特定的某世紀,在表示這個世紀的序數詞后面加上名詞 century,這個序數詞前也要加定冠詞 the。例如 the 21st centurcy 表示 21 世紀。
a century 一個世紀,一百年
The countries have been at peace for more than a century.
這些國家和平共處已有一個多世紀。
five centuries ago 五個世紀前
half a century 半個世紀
Battery charging systems remain basically the same as those in use half a century ago.
電池充電系統和半個世紀前基本上沒什么區別。
at the turn of the century 在世紀交替之際,在世紀之交
Her family came to Los Angeles at the turn of the century.
她的祖先在世紀之交時來到洛杉磯。
the 21st century 21 世紀
The telephone was invented in the 19th century.
電話是 19 世紀發明的。
Buckingham /?b?k???m/
Palace /?p?l?s/
was built at the beginning of the 18th century.
白金漢宮建于 18 世紀初。
the 1800s (the eighteen hundreds) 通常指整個 19 世紀,也可以表示 19 世紀的頭十年。
the 1900s (the nineteen hundreds) 通常指整個 20 世紀,也可以表示 20 世紀的頭十年。
the 2000s (the two thousands) 通常指整個 21 世紀,也可以表示 21 世紀的頭十年。
4. Homework
- 我們公司是主要的電子產品生產商和出口商。
Our company is a major producer and exporter of electronic products.
Our firm is a major /?me?d???/ manufacturer and exporter /?k?sp ?:t?/ of electronic products.
major /?me?d??(r)/
adj. 主要的;主修的;重要的;較多的
n. 成年人;主修科目;陸軍少校
vi. 主修
manufacture /?m?nju?f?kt??(r)/
vt. 制造,捏造
n. 制造,制造品,產品
- 它是護膚品和護發品的主要生產商之一。
It is one of the main producers of skin care and hair care products.
It is one of the leading manufacturers of skin care and hair care products.
hair care /he?(r) ke?(r)/ 護發
skin care /sk?n ke?(r)/ 皮膚護理;皮膚養護
- 我們專門從事化學產品的進出口。
We specialize in the import and export of chemical products.
specialize /?spe??la?z/
vi. 專門從事;詳細說明;特化
vt. 使專門化;使適應特殊情況;詳細說明
chemical /?kem?kl/
n. 化學制品,化學藥品
adj. 化學的
specialize in v. 專攻;專門研究
Many students specialize in engineering.
許多學生專攻工程學。
- 我們公司成立于 20 世紀 90 年代初。
Our company was founded in the early 1990s.
found /fa?nd/
vt. 創立,建立;創辦
v. 找到 (find 的過去分詞)
- 你認為誰是你們最大的競爭對手?
Who do you think is your biggest competitor?
competitor /k?m?pet?t?(r)/ n. 競爭者,對手,敵手
- 貴公司的產品有何特色?
What are the features of your company’s products?
What are the characteristics of your company’s products?
characteristic /?k?r?kt??r?st?k/
n. 特征;特點;品質
adj. 典型的;獨特的;特有的
- 我們提供與其同等質量的產品,但價格更優惠。
We offer the same quality products as them, but at a better price.
the same as 與…一樣;與…一致;與…相似
My new job is much the same as the old one.
我的新工作和舊工作差不多。
I’d like one the same as yours.
我要一個和你一樣的。
- 我們公司去年引進了新技術,并開始生產新產品。我們的技術水平始終與最新的技術保持一致。
Our company introduced new technology last year and started producing new products. Our technological level is always consistent with the latest technology.
Our company introduced new technology last year and started to produce new products. Our technical level is always in line with the latest technology.
technology /tek?n?l?d?i/ n. 技術;科技;工藝;工程技術;工藝學;技術學;技術性機器 (或設備)
consistent /k?n?s?st?nt/
adj. 一貫的,始終如一的,一致的,符合的be consistent with something
與某事物并存,與某事物一致
in line with something
與…相似,與…處于同等水平
We try to keep our prices in line with our competitors.
start /stɑ?t/
vt. 開始;啟動
vi. 出發
n. 開始;起點start + -ing verb
They started building the house in January.
start + to infinitive
I'd just started to write a letter when the phone rang.
- 產品遠銷英國、美國、日本、意大利和東南亞,深受消費者歡迎。
The products are exported to the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, Italy and Southeast Asia, and are very popular among consumers.
be exported to
某物被出口到…
be imported from
某物進口自…
- 讓我們的商品走向世界。
Let our products go to the world.
Let our goods go to the world.
goods /ɡ?dz/
n. 商品,貨物,個人財物
References
[1] Yongqiang Cheng, https://yongqiang.blog.csdn.net/