概述
Runnable 是接口。
Thread 是類,且實現了Runnable接口。
Thread部分源碼
public class Threadimplements Runnable
{private static class Caches{static final ConcurrentMap subclassAudits = new ConcurrentHashMap();static final ReferenceQueue subclassAuditsQueue = new ReferenceQueue();
在使用Runnable定義的子類中沒有start()方法,只有Thread類中才有。
public interface Runnable
{public abstract void run();
}
Thread類,有一個構造方法:public Thread(Runnable targer)
public Thread(Runnable runnable){daemon = false;stillborn = false;threadLocals = null;inheritableThreadLocals = null;threadStatus = 0;blockerLock = new Object();init(null, runnable, (new StringBuilder()).append("Thread-").append(nextThreadNum()).toString(), 0L);}
此構造方法接受Runnable的子類實例,也就是說可以通過Thread類來啟動Runnable實現的多線程。
使用情況
在程序開發中只要是多線程肯定永遠以實現Runnable接口為主。
實現Runnable接口相比繼承Thread類有如下好處:
1、避免繼承的局限,一個類可以繼承多個接口。
2、適合于資源的共享。
實例
以賣票為例,總共只有10張動車票了,全國3個窗口在賣。
繼承Thread類的方法
package multithreading;public class MyThreadWithExtends extends Thread {private int tickets = 10;@Overridepublic void run() {for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {if(tickets>0){System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--賣出票:" + tickets--);}}}public static void main(String[] args) {MyThreadWithExtends thread1 = new MyThreadWithExtends();MyThreadWithExtends thread2 = new MyThreadWithExtends();MyThreadWithExtends thread3 = new MyThreadWithExtends();thread1.start();thread2.start();thread3.start();//每個線程都獨立,不共享資源,每個線程都賣出了10張票,總共賣出了30張。如果真賣票,就有問題了。}}
運行結果:
Thread-0--賣出票:10
Thread-2--賣出票:10
Thread-1--賣出票:10
Thread-2--賣出票:9
Thread-0--賣出票:9
Thread-2--賣出票:8
Thread-1--賣出票:9
Thread-2--賣出票:7
Thread-0--賣出票:8
Thread-2--賣出票:6
Thread-2--賣出票:5
Thread-2--賣出票:4
Thread-1--賣出票:8
Thread-2--賣出票:3
Thread-0--賣出票:7
Thread-2--賣出票:2
Thread-2--賣出票:1
Thread-1--賣出票:7
Thread-0--賣出票:6
Thread-1--賣出票:6
Thread-0--賣出票:5
Thread-0--賣出票:4
Thread-1--賣出票:5
Thread-0--賣出票:3
Thread-1--賣出票:4
Thread-1--賣出票:3
Thread-1--賣出票:2
Thread-0--賣出票:2
Thread-1--賣出票:1
Thread-0--賣出票:1
每個線程都獨立,不共享資源,每個線程都賣出了10張票,總共賣出了30張。如果真賣票,就有問題了。
實現Runnable接口方式
package multithreading;public class MyThreadWithImplements implements Runnable {private int tickets = 10;@Overridepublic void run() {for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {if(tickets>0){System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--賣出票:" + tickets--);}}}public static void main(String[] args) {MyThreadWithImplements myRunnable = new MyThreadWithImplements();Thread thread1 = new Thread(myRunnable, "窗口一");Thread thread2 = new Thread(myRunnable, "窗口二");Thread thread3 = new Thread(myRunnable, "窗口三");thread1.start();thread2.start();thread3.start();}}
運行結果:
窗口二--賣出票:10
窗口三--賣出票:9
窗口一--賣出票:8
窗口三--賣出票:6
窗口三--賣出票:4
窗口三--賣出票:3
窗口三--賣出票:2
窗口三--賣出票:1
窗口二--賣出票:7
窗口一--賣出票:5
每個線程共享了對象myRunnable的資源,賣出的總票數是對的,但是順序是亂的,怎么辦?
見:同步關鍵詞synchronized