功能介紹：

該腳本用于定期（結合crontab一起使用）將本地目錄通過rsync+ssh傳輸到遠程服務器，每次執行都生成一個帶有以時間命名的目錄，并且當前最新版本的數據鏈接到一個名字叫current的符號鏈接上，便于查找和恢復。在數據傳輸完成前，會傳輸到臨時目錄下，這個臨時目錄被命名為“時間-incomplete”。超過10天的備份將被刪除，超過10天的日志文件也將被刪除。

運行原理：

腳本運行的核心就在于ssh的互信和rsync命令。利用rsync能實現壓縮傳輸，節省傳輸時間。

感謝：

感謝gregrs-uk提供的初始腳本。

腳本內容：

#!/usr/bin/env?bash
#?Function?description:
#?Backup?filesystem?using?rsync#?Usage:
#?bash?backup.sh#?Birth?Time:
#?2016-07-15?16:13:43.895515929?+0800#?Author:
#?Open?Source?Software?written?by?'Guodong?Ding?<dgdenterprise@gmail.com>'
#?Blog:?http://dgd2010.blog.51cto.com/
#?Github:?https://github.com/DingGuodong#?Others:
#?crontabs?--?configuration?and?scripts?for?running?periodical?jobs
#?SHELL=/bin/bash
#?PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
#?MAILTO=root
#?HOME=/
#?For?details?see?man?4?crontabs
#?Example?of?job?definition:
#?.----------------?minute?(0?-?59)
#?|??.-------------?hour?(0?-?23)
#?|??|??.----------?day?of?month?(1?-?31)
#?|??|??|??.-------?month?(1?-?12)?OR?jan,feb,mar,apr?...
#?|??|??|??|??.----?day?of?week?(0?-?6)?(Sunday=0?or?7)?OR?sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
#?|??|??|??|??|
#?*??*??*??*??*?user-name?command?to?be?executed
#?m?h??dom?mon?dow???command
#?execute?on?11:59?per?sunday
#?59?11?*?*?*/0?bash?/path/to/backup.sh?>/tmp/log_backup_fs_crontab_$(date?+"\%Y\%m\%d\%H\%M\%S").log
#?or
#?execute?on?23:59?per?day
#?59?23?*?*?*?bash?/path/to/backup.sh?>/tmp/log_backup_fs_crontab_$(date?+"\%Y\%m\%d\%H\%M\%S").logUSER="`id?-un`"
LOGNAME="$USER"
if?[?$UID?-ne?0?];?thenecho?"WARNING:?Running?as?a?non-root?user,?\"$LOGNAME\".?Functionality?may?be?unavailable.?Only?root?can?use?some?commands?or?options"
fiold_PATH=$PATH
declare?-x?PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"#?Snapshot?backup?script
#?Refer:?https://github.com/gregrs-uk/snapshot-backup/#?directories?to?backup,?separated?by?spaces
datadir_to_backup="/data/docker"
#?backup?location?on?remote?server
#?This?path?should?not?contain?spaces,?even?if?they?are?escaped
remote_destination="/data/backup/filesystem/10.6.28.135"
#?ssh?login?to?remote?server
backup_server="root@10.6.28.28"
#?set?ssh?options?for?backup?server
ssh_option="-i?/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key?-p?22?-oStrictHostKeyChecking=no"
#?log?dir?on?local?machine
#log_directory="/tmp/backup-filesystem-10.6.28.135"
log_directory="/tmp/"
#?exclude?file?on?local?machine
exclude=""#?------?END?OF?CONFIGURATION?VARIABLES?------#?the?following?two?variables?should?not?need?modification
datetime=`date?+%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
date=`date?+%Y%m%d`#?set?log_directory?for?local?backup?logs
test?-d?${log_directory}?||?mkdir?-p?${log_directory}#?check?directories?exist?and?are?accessible
ssh?${ssh_option}?${backup_server}?"test?-e?$remote_destination?||?mkdir?-p?$remote_destination"#?make?directory?for?this?snapshot
ssh?${ssh_option}?${backup_server}?"mkdir?$remote_destination/$datetime-incomplete"?||?{?echo?"Could?not?create?snapshot?directory";?exit?1;?}#?Refer:
#rsync?-u?-r?-v?-e?ssh?--progress?--delete?--chmod=D775?/path/to/documents/*?your_server_name@your_domain:~/public_html/documents/?--exclude=.htaccess?--exclude=.htaccess~
#rsync?-azurR?-e?"ssh?-i?/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key?-p?22?-oStrictHostKeyChecking=no"?--log-file=/tmp/rsync.log?--delete?--delete-excluded?testdir?10.6.28.28:/data/backup/filesystem/10.6.28.135#?do?the?rsync
#?-a,?--archive???????????????archive?mode;?equals?-rlptgoD?(no?-H,-A,-X)
#?-r,?--recursive?????????????recurse?into?directories
#?-R,?--relative??????????????use?relative?path?names
#?-u,?--update????????????????skip?files?that?are?newer?on?the?receiver
#?-z,?--compress??????????????compress?file?data?during?the?transfer
rsync?-azurR?\-e?"ssh?$ssh_option"?\--log-file=${log_directory}/backup_filesystem_rsync_${datetime}.log?\--delete?--delete-excluded?\${datadir_to_backup}?\${backup_server}:${remote_destination}/${datetime}-incomplete/#?change?name?of?directory?once?rsync?is?complete
ssh?${ssh_option}?${backup_server}?"mv?$remote_destination/$datetime-incomplete?$remote_destination/$datetime"?||?{?echo?"Could?not?rename?directory?after?rsync";?exit?1;?}#?link?current?to?this?backup
ssh?${ssh_option}?${backup_server}?"test?!?-d?$remote_destination/current?||?rm?-f?$remote_destination/current"?||?{?echo?"Could?not?remove?current?backup?link";?exit?1;?}
ssh?${ssh_option}?${backup_server}?"ln?-s?$remote_destination/$datetime?$remote_destination/current"?||?{?echo?"Could?not?create?current?backup?link";?exit?1;?}#?remove?backups?older?than?10?days
ssh?${ssh_option}?${backup_server}?"find?$remote_destination/*?-maxdepth?0?-type?d?-mtime?+10?-exec?rm?-rf?{}?\;"?||?{?echo?"Could?not?remove?old?backups";?exit?1;?}#?remove?local?log?files?older?than?10?days
find?${log_directory}/*?-maxdepth?0?-type?f?-name?*.log?-mtime?+10?-exec?rm?-rf?'{}'?\;?||?{?echo?"Could?not?remove?old?log?files";?exit?1;?}declare?-x?PATH=${old_PATH}

tag:Linux備份,遠程備份,rsync備份

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