一. 要求

爬取糗事百科段子，假設頁面的URL是 http://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/1

1. 使用requests獲取頁面信息，用XPath / re 做數據提取

2. 獲取每個帖子里的用戶頭像鏈接、用戶姓名、段子內容、點贊次數和評論次數

3. 保存到 json 文件內

二. 參考代碼

#coding=utf-8
import requests
from retrying import retry
from lxml import etreeclass Qiubai_spider():def __init__(self):self.url = "http://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/"self.headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1 Trident/5.0;"}@retry(stop_max_attempt_number=5) #調用retry，當assert出錯時候，重復請求5次def parse_url(self,url):response = requests.get(url,timeout=10,headers=self.headers) #請求urlassert response.status_code==200  #當響應碼不是200時候，做斷言報錯處理print(url)return etree.HTML(response.text) #返回etree之后的htmldef parse_content(self,html):item_temp = html.xpath("//div[@class='article block untagged mb15']")print(len(item_temp))for item in item_temp:#獲取用戶頭像地址avatar = item.xpath("./div[1]/a[1]/img/@src")[0] if len(item.xpath("./div[1]/a[1]/img/@src"))>0 else None#為頭像地址添加前綴if avatar is not None and not avatar.startswith("http:"):avatar = "http:"+avatarprint(avatar)name = item.xpath("./div[1]/a[2]/h2/text()")[0] #獲取用戶名print(name)content = item.xpath("./a[@class='contentHerf']/div/span/text()")[0] #獲取內容print(content)star_number = item.xpath("./div[@class='stats']/span[1]/i/text()")[0] #獲取點贊數print(star_number)comment_number = item.xpath("./div[@class='stats']/span[2]/a/i/text()")[0] #獲取評論數print(comment_number)print("*"*100)def run(self):'''函數的主要邏輯實現'''url = self.url.format(1) #獲取到urlhtml = self.parse_url(url) #請求urlself.parse_content(html) #解析頁面內容并把內容存入內容隊列if __name__ == "__main__":qiubai = Qiubai_spider()qiubai.run()