Quartz是一個完全由java編寫的開源作業調度框架,為在Java應用程序中進行作業調度提供了簡單卻強大的機制，它支持定時任務持久化到數據庫，從而避免了重啟服務器時任務丟失，支持分布式多節點，大大的提高了單節點定時任務的容錯性。springboot在2.0版本以前沒有對quartz做自動配置，因此需要我們自己去手動配置，網上找了許多資料，但是大都不能完全滿足自己的需要，因此自己整合了一下方便以后參考（copy），整合代碼基于springboot1.5.9和quartz2.3.0，過程如下：
1、pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>powerx.io</groupId><artifactId>springboot-quartz</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>springboot-quartz</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version><druid.version>1.1.5</druid.version><quartz.version>2.3.0</quartz.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>${druid.version}</version></dependency><!--quartz相關依賴--><dependency><groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId><artifactId>quartz</artifactId><version>${quartz.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId><artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId><version>${quartz.version}</version></dependency><!--定時任務需要依賴context模塊--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>
2、整合配置類
采用jobDetail使用Spring Ioc托管方式來完成整合，我們可以在定時任務實例中使用Spring注入注解完成業務邏輯處理，代碼如下
package com.example.demo.config;import org.quartz.spi.JobFactory; import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowire; import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configuration @EnableScheduling public class QuartzConfiguration {/*** 繼承org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory* 實現任務實例化方式*/public static class AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implementsApplicationContextAware {private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;@Overridepublic void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext context) {beanFactory = context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();}/*** 將job實例交給spring ioc托管* 我們在job實例實現類內可以直接使用spring注入的調用被spring ioc管理的實例** @param bundle* @return* @throws Exception*/@Overrideprotected Object createJobInstance(final TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {final Object job = super.createJobInstance(bundle);/*** 將job實例交付給spring ioc*/beanFactory.autowireBean(job);return job;}}/*** 配置任務工廠實例** @return*/@Beanpublic JobFactory jobFactory() {/*** 采用自定義任務工廠 整合spring實例來完成構建任務*/AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory jobFactory = new AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory();return jobFactory;}/*** 配置任務調度器* 使用項目數據源作為quartz數據源** @param jobFactory 自定義配置任務工廠* @param dataSource 數據源實例* @return* @throws Exception*/@Bean(destroyMethod = "destroy", autowire = Autowire.NO)public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(JobFactory jobFactory, DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();//將spring管理job自定義工廠交由調度器維護 schedulerFactoryBean.setJobFactory(jobFactory);//設置覆蓋已存在的任務schedulerFactoryBean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);//項目啟動完成后，等待2秒后開始執行調度器初始化schedulerFactoryBean.setStartupDelay(2);//設置調度器自動運行schedulerFactoryBean.setAutoStartup(true);//設置數據源，使用與項目統一數據源 schedulerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);//設置上下文spring bean nameschedulerFactoryBean.setApplicationContextSchedulerContextKey("applicationContext");//設置配置文件位置schedulerFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(new ClassPathResource("/quartz.properties"));return schedulerFactoryBean;} }
AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory：可以看到上面配置類中，AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory我們繼承了SpringBeanJobFactory類，并且通過實現ApplicationContextAware接口獲取ApplicationContext設置方法，通過外部實例化時設置ApplicationContext實例對象，在createJobInstance方法內，我們采用AutowireCapableBeanFactory來托管SpringBeanJobFactory類中createJobInstance方法返回的定時任務實例，這樣我們就可以在定時任務類內使用Spring Ioc相關的注解進行注入業務邏輯實例了。
JobFactory：自定義任務工廠
SchedulerFactoryBean：使用項目內部數據源的方式來設置調度器的jobSotre，官方quartz有兩種持久化的配置方案。
第一種：采用quartz.properties配置文件配置獨立的定時任務數據源，可以與使用項目的數據庫完全獨立。
第二種：采用與創建項目統一個數據源，定時任務持久化相關的表與業務邏輯在同一個數據庫內。
可以根據實際的項目需求采取不同的方案，我采用了第二種方案，在上面配置類中可以看到方法schedulerFactoryBean內自動注入了JobFactory實例，也就是我們自定義的AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory任務工廠實例，另外一個參數就是DataSource，在我們引入spring-boot-starter-jdbc依賴后會根據application.yml文件內的數據源相關配置自動實例化DataSource實例，這里直接注入是沒有問題的。我們通過調用SchedulerFactoryBean對象的setConfigLocation方法來設置quartz定時任務框架的基本配置，配置文件所在位置：resources/quartz.properties => classpath:/quartz.properties下。
quartz.properties內容如下：
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = schedulerFactoryBeanorg.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTOorg.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTXorg.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegateorg.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = falseorg.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPoolorg.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
在上面配置中org.quartz.jobStore.class與org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass是定時任務持久化的關鍵配置，配置了數據庫持久化定時任務以及采用MySQL數據庫進行連接，當然你也可以連接別的數據庫org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix屬性配置了定時任務數據表的前綴，在quartz官方提供的創建表SQL腳本默認就是qrtz_，我們需要解壓quartz2.3.0的jar，在quartz-2.2.3/docs/dbTables下找到tables_mysql_innodb.sql，然后在mysql客戶端執行來創建相應的表。
3、動態定時任務demo
QuartzService.java
package com.example.demo.service;import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.CronTrigger; import org.quartz.DateBuilder; import org.quartz.DateBuilder.IntervalUnit; import org.quartz.JobBuilder; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobKey; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder; import org.quartz.TriggerKey; import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service public class QuartzService {@Autowiredprivate Scheduler scheduler;@PostConstructpublic void startScheduler() {try {scheduler.start();} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 增加一個job* * @param jobClass* 任務實現類* @param jobName* 任務名稱* @param jobGroupName* 任務組名* @param jobTime* 時間表達式 (這是每隔多少秒為一次任務)* @param jobTimes* 運行的次數 （<0:表示不限次數）*/public void addJob(Class<? extends QuartzJobBean> jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, int jobTime,int jobTimes) {try {JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)// 任務名稱和組構成任務key .build();// 使用simpleTrigger規則Trigger trigger = null;if (jobTimes < 0) {trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime)).startNow().build();} else {trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime).withRepeatCount(jobTimes)).startNow().build();}scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 增加一個job* * @param jobClass* 任務實現類* @param jobName* 任務名稱* @param jobGroupName* 任務組名* @param jobTime* 時間表達式 （如：0/5 * * * * ? ）*/public void addJob(Class<? extends QuartzJobBean> jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime) {try {// 創建jobDetail實例，綁定Job實現類// 指明job的名稱，所在組的名稱，以及綁定job類JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)// 任務名稱和組構成任務key .build();// 定義調度觸發規則// 使用cornTrigger規則Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)// 觸發器key.startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(1, IntervalUnit.SECOND)).withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).startNow().build();// 把作業和觸發器注冊到任務調度中 scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 修改 一個job的 時間表達式* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName* @param jobTime*/public void updateJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime) {try {TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, jobGroupName);CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).build();// 重啟觸發器 scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 刪除任務一個job* * @param jobName* 任務名稱* @param jobGroupName* 任務組名*/public void deleteJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {scheduler.deleteJob(new JobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 暫停一個job* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName*/public void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 恢復一個job* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName*/public void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 立即執行一個job* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName*/public void runAJobNow(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);scheduler.triggerJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 獲取所有計劃中的任務列表* * @return*/public List<Map<String, Object>> queryAllJob() {List<Map<String, Object>> jobList = null;try {GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.anyJobGroup();Set<JobKey> jobKeys = scheduler.getJobKeys(matcher);jobList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();for (JobKey jobKey : jobKeys) {List<? extends Trigger> triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);for (Trigger trigger : triggers) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());map.put("description", "觸發器:" + trigger.getKey());Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);}jobList.add(map);}}} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return jobList;}/*** 獲取所有正在運行的job* * @return*/public List<Map<String, Object>> queryRunJob() {List<Map<String, Object>> jobList = null;try {List<JobExecutionContext> executingJobs = scheduler.getCurrentlyExecutingJobs();jobList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(executingJobs.size());for (JobExecutionContext executingJob : executingJobs) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();JobDetail jobDetail = executingJob.getJobDetail();JobKey jobKey = jobDetail.getKey();Trigger trigger = executingJob.getTrigger();map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());map.put("description", "觸發器:" + trigger.getKey());Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);}jobList.add(map);}} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return jobList;}}
UserService.java
package com.example.demo.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service public class UserService {public void play() {System.out.println("user id play");}public void study() {System.out.println("user id study");} }
TestJob1.java
package com.example.demo.job;import java.util.Date;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;public class TestJob1 extends QuartzJobBean {@Overrideprotected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {System.out.println(new Date() + " job執行");}}
TestJob2.java
package com.example.demo.job;import java.util.Date;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import com.example.demo.service.UserService; @Component public class TestJob2 extends QuartzJobBean {//注入業務service，完成定時任務邏輯 @Autowiredprivate UserService service;@Overrideprotected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {System.out.println(new Date() + " job2執行");service.play();}}
TestController.java
package com.example.demo.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.example.demo.job.TestJob1; import com.example.demo.job.TestJob2; import com.example.demo.service.QuartzService;@RestController public class TestController {@Autowiredprivate QuartzService quartzService;@RequestMapping("/addjob")public void startJob(String type) {if("TestJob1".equals(type)) {quartzService.addJob(TestJob1.class, "job1", "test", "0/5 * * * * ?");}else {quartzService.addJob(TestJob2.class, "job2", "test", "0/5 * * * * ?");}}@RequestMapping("/updatejob")public void updatejob() {quartzService.updateJob("job1", "test", "0/10 * * * * ?");}@RequestMapping("/deletejob")public void deletejob() {quartzService.deleteJob("job1", "test");}@RequestMapping("/pauseJob")public void pauseJob() {quartzService.pauseJob("job1", "test");}@RequestMapping("/resumeJob")public void resumeJob() {quartzService.resumeJob("job1", "test");}@RequestMapping("/queryAllJob")public Object queryAllJob() {return quartzService.queryAllJob();}@RequestMapping("/queryRunJob")public Object queryRunJob() {return quartzService.queryRunJob();} }
4、application.yml
spring:datasource:type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcedriver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true username: rootpassword: rootjpa:hibernate:ddl-auto: update #ddl-auto:設為update表示每次都不會重新建表show-sql: trueapplication:name: quartz-cluster-node-first server:port: 8081 # 打印日志 logging:level:root: INFOorg.hibernate: INFOorg.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder: TRACEorg.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor: TRACEcom.springms: DEBUG
至此，springboot整合quartz實現動態定時任務和任務持久化完畢，各功能我都測試過，符合預期，具體結果不再貼出，小伙伴們在使用時要注意springboot和quartz的版本問題，很多時候并不是代碼有問題，而是jar不匹配。springboot2.0以后，直接有了spring-boot-starter-quartz包，我們只需要把原來的jar替換掉，無需任何配置就完成了整合。
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