spring集成多個rabbitMQ

轉自：https://blog.csdn.net/zz775854904/article/details/81092892

MQ全稱為Message Queue,?消息隊列（MQ）是一種應用程序對應用程序的通信方法。應用程序通過讀寫出入隊列的消息（針對應用程序的數據）來通信，而無需專用連接來鏈接它們。消息傳遞指的是程序之間通過在消息中發送數據進行通信，而不是通過直接調用彼此來通信，直接調用通常是用于諸如遠程過程調用的技術。排隊指的是應用程序通過隊列來通信。隊列的使用除去了接收和發送應用程序同時執行的要求..

開始正題!

在開發之前需要下載rabbitmq, 而在rabbitmq安裝之前,童鞋們需要安裝erlang, 因為rabbitmq是用erlang寫的.

安裝完畢之后,我們建立一個maven項目.然后我們開始配置項目.

<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

由于是spring整合,我們需要加入spring的依賴.

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

依賴加好了之后, 我們需要定義消息生產者和消息發送者.

由于exchange有幾種,這里我只測試了兩種, 通過分別定義兩個exchange去綁定direct和topic..

首先, 定義消息生產者, 通過配置將template鏈接connect-factory并注入到代碼中使用.

package com.chris.producer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
@Service
public class MessageProducer {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageProducer.class);
@Resource(name="amqpTemplate")
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
@Resource(name="amqpTemplate2")
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate2;
public void sendMessage(Object message) throws IOException {
logger.info("to send message:{}", message);
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("queueTestKey", message);
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("queueTestChris", message);
amqpTemplate2.convertAndSend("wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd", message);
}
}

然后我們定義消息消費者, 這里,我定義了三個消費者, 通過監聽消息隊列, 分別接受各自所匹配的消息.

第一個消費者, 接受direct的消息, 他的exchange為exchangeTest, ?rout-key為queueTestKey

package com.chris.consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class MessageConsumer implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageConsumer.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
logger.info("consumer receive message------->:{}", message);
}
}

第二個消費者, 接受direct的消息(為了測試一個exchange可以發送多個消息), 他的exchange為exchangeTest, ?rout-key為queueTestChris.

package com.chris.consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class ChrisConsumer implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ChrisConsumer.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
logger.info("chris receive message------->:{}", message);
}
}

第三個消費者, 接受topic的消息他的exchange為exchangeTest2, ?pattern為wuxing.*.. 網上說.*可以匹配一個, .#可以匹配一個或多個..但是筆者好像兩個都試了..都可以匹配一個或多個..不知道什么鬼...

package com.chris.consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class WuxingConsumer implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WuxingConsumer.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
logger.info("wuxing receive message------->:{}", message);
}
}

然后就是關鍵的地方了..rabbit整合spring的配置文件.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.2.xsd">
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
username="guest" password="guest" host="localhost" port="5672" />
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
exchange="exchangeTest"/>
<rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
<rabbit:queue name="queueTest" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" declared-by="connectAdmin"/>
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="exchangeTest" durable="true" auto-delete="false" declared-by="connectAdmin">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="queueTest" key="queueTestKey"></rabbit:binding>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>
<bean id="messageReceiver" class="com.chris.consumer.MessageConsumer"></bean>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
<rabbit:listener queues="queueTest" ref="messageReceiver"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
<rabbit:queue name="queueChris" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" declared-by="connectAdmin"/>
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="exchangeTest" durable="true" auto-delete="false" declared-by="connectAdmin">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="queueChris" key="queueTestChris"></rabbit:binding>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>
<bean id="receiverChris" class="com.chris.consumer.ChrisConsumer"></bean>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
<rabbit:listener queues="queueChris" ref="receiverChris"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory2"
username="guest" password="guest" host="localhost" port="5672"/>
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate2" connection-factory="connectionFactory2"
exchange="exchangeTest2"/>
<rabbit:admin id="connectAdmin2" connection-factory="connectionFactory2"/>
<rabbit:queue name="queueWuxing" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" declared-by="connectAdmin2"/>
<rabbit:topic-exchange name="exchangeTest2" durable="true" auto-delete="false" declared-by="connectAdmin2">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="queueWuxing" pattern="wuxing.*"></rabbit:binding>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
<bean id="recieverWuxing" class="com.chris.consumer.WuxingConsumer"></bean>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory2" >
<rabbit:listener queues="queueWuxing" ref="recieverWuxing"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

這里,有個問題筆者研究了好久...就是如何定義兩個exchange, 一開始一直不成功..直到找到了一篇國外的文章才解決...

定義兩個exchange的時候, 需要用到declared-by..

而這個必須要引入下面的這個申明, 才有..

http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.2.xsd">

文件中大概的配置解釋一下.

connect-factory進行連接rabbitmq服務.

template用于連接factory并指定exchange, 這上面還能直接指定rout-key.

admin相當于一個管理員的角色..可以將exchange和queue進行管理,?

queue和topic-exchange分別定義隊列和路由器, 這里需要用declared-by指定管理員,從而連接到相應的factory.

listener-container用于消費者的監聽(其實,rabbit配置中是可以指定某個類的某個方法的, 但是筆者失敗了, 還在試驗中...)

這里還有一個問題...需要大家注意..

當一個exchange綁定了一種類型之后, 這個exchange在配置就不能再換成另一種了.會一直報錯,?received 'direct' but current is 'topic' ?類似這種..

筆者這個也是被坑了若干時間去找問題...

然后貼下spring的基本配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<import resource="classpath*:rabbitmq.xml" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.chris.consumer, com.chris.producer" />
<context:annotation-config />
<context:spring-configured />
</beans>

然后是單元測試類, 這里通過輸出100-1慢慢遞減,去觀察控制臺消費者接收消息的情況.

package com.chris;
import com.chris.producer.MessageProducer;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* Created by wuxing on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class MessageTest {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageTest.class);
private ApplicationContext context = null;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
}
@Test
public void should_send_a_amq_message() throws Exception {
MessageProducer messageProducer = (MessageProducer) context.getBean("messageProducer");
int a = 100;
while (a > 0) {
messageProducer.sendMessage("Hello, I am amq sender num :" + a--);
try {
//暫停一下，好讓消息消費者去取消息打印出來
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}

然后控制臺的結果如下(這里只貼出關鍵信息, 其他配置的log的省略了)

2016-09-22 16:15:00,330 [main] INFO [com.chris.producer.MessageProducer] - to send message:Hello, I am amq sender num :100
2016-09-22 16:15:00,348 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory] - Creating cached Rabbit Channel from AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,3)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,348 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Executing callback on RabbitMQ Channel: Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,3)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,349 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Publishing message on exchange [exchangeTest], routingKey = [queueTestKey]
2016-09-22 16:15:00,357 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Executing callback on RabbitMQ Channel: Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,3)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,358 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Publishing message on exchange [exchangeTest], routingKey = [queueTestChris]
2016-09-22 16:15:00,368 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory] - Creating cached Rabbit Channel from AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,2)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,369 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Executing callback on RabbitMQ Channel: Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,2)
2016-09-22 16:15:00,369 [main] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] - Publishing message on exchange [exchangeTest2], routingKey = [wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd]
2016-09-22 16:15:00,370 [pool-1-thread-6] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Storing delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-hyW85GZHk-AHLLFJUmNLDQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,372 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Received message: (Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestKey, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,373 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO [com.chris.consumer.MessageConsumer] - consumer receive message------->:(Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestKey, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,374 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Retrieving delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-hyW85GZHk-AHLLFJUmNLDQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,379 [pool-2-thread-4] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Storing delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-T-c1red0T_HHyCFfpXLYIQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,381 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Received message: (Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest2, receivedRoutingKey=wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,382 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO [com.chris.consumer.WuxingConsumer] - wuxing receive message------->:(Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest2, receivedRoutingKey=wuxing.xxxx.wsdwd, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,383 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Retrieving delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-T-c1red0T_HHyCFfpXLYIQ]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,1), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,396 [pool-1-thread-5] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Storing delivery for Consumer: tags=[[amq.ctag-h5ERpaWrnqmkNhbfM7S8Ww]], channel=Cached Rabbit Channel: AMQChannel(amqp://guest@127.0.0.1:5672/,2), acknowledgeMode=AUTO local queue size=0
2016-09-22 16:15:00,397 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] DEBUG [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.BlockingQueueConsumer] - Received message: (Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestChris, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])
2016-09-22 16:15:00,398 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO [com.chris.consumer.ChrisConsumer] - chris receive message------->:(Body:'Hello, I am amq sender num :100'MessageProperties [headers={}, timestamp=null, messageId=null, userId=null, appId=null, clusterId=null, type=null, correlationId=null, replyTo=null, contentType=text/plain, contentEncoding=UTF-8, contentLength=0, deliveryMode=PERSISTENT, expiration=null, priority=0, redelivered=false, receivedExchange=exchangeTest, receivedRoutingKey=queueTestChris, deliveryTag=1, messageCount=0])