hackintosh黑蘋果

by Simon Waters

西蒙·沃特斯(Simon Waters)

如何構建用于編碼的Hackintosh (How to build a Hackintosh for coding)

Let’s talk about Hackintosh-ing — the installation of Mac OS X on PC hardware.

我們來談談Hackintosh-ing-在PC硬件上安裝Mac OSX。

If you want a Mac-compatible computer, but don’t want to shell out thousands of dollars, a Hackintosh can help you code for iOS without buying a Mac.

如果您想要一臺與Mac兼容的計算機，但又不想花數千美元，那么Hackintosh可以幫助您為iOS編寫代碼，而無需購買Mac。

So without further ado, here’s a quick overview of how to build a Hackintosh, its benefits, and hazards you should watch out for.

因此，事不宜遲，這里簡要概述了如何構建Hackintosh，它的好處和應注意的危害。

Well the HP Elitebook 8470p #hackintosh is now built. Time to carry on with @FreeCodeCamp -ing, now that I’m mobile pic.twitter.com/w1psj9Gkud
現在，HP Elitebook 8470p #hackintosh已建成。 時間進行與@FreeCodeCamp -ing，現在我手機pic.twitter.com/w1psj9Gkud

— Simon Waters (@developersimon) June 12, 2016
— Simon Waters(@developersimon) 2016年6月12日

什么是“黑客入侵”？ (What is a “Hackintosh”?)

For a number of years now, Apple Macs have shipped with Intel processors, the very same ones found in a PC. In fact, quite a number of hardware components are similar on both PC and Mac, aside from the shiny aluminum case.

多年來，Apple Macs都已經配備了Intel處理器，與PC中的處理器相同。實際上，除了有光澤的鋁制外殼外，PC和Mac上還有許多相似的硬件組件。

And some intelligent people have figured out a way to install Mac OS X standard PC hardware, thereby fooling it into thinking it’s a real Mac.

一些聰明的人已經想出了一種安裝Mac OS X標準PC硬件的方法，從而愚弄了它以為是真正的Mac。

The main benefit is, of course, price. Building your own Hackintosh from a list of pre-vetted components known to be compatible will cost you considerably less than a real Mac.

當然，主要的好處是價格。從一系列已知兼容的經過預先審查的組件中構建自己的Hackintosh，比真正的Mac花費更少。

The downside to all this is that building a Hackintosh is that it’s not for the faint-hearted — it takes some research and some knowledge of building a PC, and an element of trial and error to get a fully working system.

所有這一切的不利之處在于，構建Hackintosh并不是為了讓膽怯的人—它需要一些研究和一些知識才能構建PC，并且需要反復試驗的要素才能獲得一個完整的工作系統。

Luckily for us, there are a lot of really great resources online to help in building a Hackintosh.

對我們來說幸運的是，在線上有很多非常有用的資源可以幫助您構建Hackintosh。

My personal favorite is www.tonymacx86.com, where you’ll find hardware buying guides. It also showcases handy installer tools such as Unibeast and Multibeast, which pretty much create a Hackintosh for you if you have the right hardware.

我個人最喜歡的是www.tonymacx86.com ，您可以在其中找到硬件購買指南。它也展示了方便的安裝工具，如Unibeast和Multibeast ，這幾乎創造的Hackintosh你，如果你有合適的硬件。

我該如何開始？ (How do I get started?)

Your best bet is to head over to this beginners post and get reading to familiarize yourself with it all.

最好的選擇是瀏覽這篇初學者文章，然后閱讀以熟悉所有內容。

In a nutshell, you start by getting a hold of the latest version of Mac OS X. This guide will help you.

簡而言之，您首先可以獲取最新版本的Mac OSX。本指南將為您提供幫助。

You then use Unibeast to create a USB installer of Mac OS X, which will boot on a PC. Once you boot with this USB, you are able to install Mac OS onto a hard drive of your choice.

然后，您使用Unibeast創建Mac OS X的USB安裝程序，它將在PC上啟動。使用該USB引導后，便可以將Mac OS安裝到您選擇的硬盤上。

The final step is to use Multibeast, which allows you to customize your installation, installing custom Mac drivers (known as “kexts” — kernel extensions). These talk to all your hardware and make sure it’s all recognized as “official” Mac components. It also allows you to boot into Mac OS X without needing the USB drive created earlier, giving you a standalone Mac system.

最后一步是使用Multibeast，它允許您自定義安裝，安裝自定義Mac驅動程序(稱為“ kexts” —內核擴展)。這些與您的所有硬件都在交談，并確保將其全部識別為“官方” Mac組件。它還使您可以啟動Mac OS X，而無需先前創建的USB驅動器，從而為您提供了獨立的Mac系統。

有什么好處？ (What are the benefits?)

The main benefit to using a Hackintosh is a much better cost/performance ratio compared to a real Mac. You can save a thousand dollars or more.

與真正的Mac相比，使用Hackintosh的主要好處是性價比更高。您可以節省一千美元或更多。

Because you can use off-the-shelf hardware, you can in theory build a Mac-compatible computer that is more powerful than any Macs that Apple sells.

因為您可以使用現成的硬件，所以從理論上講，您可以構建與Mac兼容的計算機，該計算機比Apple出售的任何Mac都要強大。

You also get to experience the pure joy of using Mac OS X, which is of course a far superior OS than Windows. (Cue the flame war).

您還可以體驗使用Mac OS X帶來的純粹樂趣，Mac OS X當然比Windows優越得多。 (提示火焰戰爭)。

Finally, you get access to XCode for development. You can create an Apple ID as normal and use it to publish your apps to the App Store.

最后，您可以訪問XCode進行開發。您可以正常創建一個Apple ID，并使用它來將您的應用發布到App Store。

有什么陷阱？ (What are the pitfalls?)

Updating to the next version of Mac OS X comes with some risks. You can mostly mitigate these risks by using the Clover bootloader, which keeps all your custom Hackintosh files in a separate area on your hard drive, called the EFI partition. This partition won’t be overwritten by an OS update.

升級到下一版Mac OS X會帶來一些風險。您可以使用Clover引導程序來減輕這些風險，該引導程序將所有自定義的Hackintosh文件保存在硬盤驅動器上的單獨區域(稱為EFI分區)中。該分區不會被操作系統更新覆蓋。

You may not get everything working correctly the first time, so you need to spend a fair bit of time Googling error codes to find out what’s gone wrong. There are very few problems for which there’s no pre-discovered solution, though.

您可能無法在第一時間使一切正常運行，因此您需要花費大量時間Google搜尋錯誤代碼以找出問題所在。但是，很少有問題沒有預先發現的解決方案。

我可以將筆記本電腦變成Hackintosh嗎？ (Can I turn my laptop into a Hackintosh?)

Yes, you can! It’s a bit trickier though, because you are far more limited in hardware customization options than you would be with a desktop computer.

是的你可以！但是，這有點棘手，因為與臺式機相比，您在硬件自定義選項上的限制要大得多。

It will either work, or it won’t. Your best bet is to simply Google “laptop model” + “Hackintosh” and see what comes up.

它會起作用，或者不會起作用。最好的選擇就是簡單地使用Google“筆記本電腦模型” +“ Hackintosh”，然后看看會發生什么。

I did my own research, and can tell you that the HP Elitebook 8470p works perfectly, once you swap out the WiFi card for a $2 one from China on eBay. I picked mine up from a UK laptop refurbishment company for GBP￡120 (around USD $180–200). It’s the i5 2.6 Ghz version, with the 14-inch standard definition screen. A lot cheaper than repairing my broken 2008 Macbook Pro!

我進行了自己的研究，可以告訴您，一旦您在eBay上從中國以2美元的價格交換了WiFi卡，HP Elitebook 8470p即可正常工作。我從一家英國筆記本電腦翻新公司買了我的東西，價格為120英鎊(約合180–200美元)。它是i5 2.6 Ghz版本，帶有14英寸標清屏幕。比修復我壞掉的2008 Macbook Pro便宜得多！

As you can see, it is recognized as a mid 2012 Macbook Pro.

如您所見，它被認為是2012年中期的Macbook Pro。

什么是用于Hackintosh的最佳硬件？ (What’s the best hardware to use for a Hackintosh?)

If you’re looking to build a new computer from scratch, head over to www.tonymacx86.com and look at the latest buyers guide (updated monthly). Any components you pick from that list will work, but the most important are the motherboard and CPU. I’ve found that RAM and storage barely make any difference. With a fully-compatible motherboard (Gigabyte’s work well), you won’t need any external ethernet or WiFi cards, as you’ll have everything working “out-of-the-box”.

如果您想從頭開始構建新計算機，請訪問www.tonymacx86.com，并查看最新的購買者指南(每月更新)。您從該列表中選擇的所有組件都可以使用，但是最重要的是主板和CPU。我發現RAM和存儲幾乎沒有任何區別。使用完全兼容的主板(技嘉可以很好地工作)，您將不需要任何外部以太網或WiFi卡，因為一切都將“開箱即用”。

Here’s the current Hackintosh configuration I use for my for my desktop computer:

這是我用于臺式機的當前Hackintosh配置：

Gigabyte Z97-SLI Motherboard
技嘉Z97-SLI主板
Intel 4770K CPU @ 3.5 Ghz
英特爾4770K CPU @ 3.5 Ghz
16GB Corsair RAM (2x 8GB sticks)
16GB海盜船RAM(2個8GB記憶棒)
Gigabyte 760 OC Windforce edition GFX
技嘉760 OC Windforce版GFX
128GB SSD for the OS
適用于操作系統的128GB SSD
3TB and 1.5TB 7200 HDs for storage
3TB和1.5TB 7200 HD用于存儲

The SSD works great. I can boot my desktop in about 10–15 seconds.

SSD很棒。我可以在大約10–15秒內啟動桌面。

Back when I started Hackintoshing in around 2009–10, I use an ancient Asus P5K with Core 2 Quad Q6600 processor as my Mac Pro, to compliment my real Macbook Pro early 2008 edition.

早在2009年10月左右開始Hackintoshing時，我使用帶有Core 2 Quad Q6600處理器的古老Asus P5K作為我的Mac Pro，以補充我真正的Macbook Pro 2008年初版。

它要多少錢？ (How much does it cost?)

It’s entirely dependent on which components you buy, of course, but you can expect to pay a great deal less than a real Mac. Especially if, like me, you already have a range of PC parts lying around (monitor, keyboard, mouse, case, hard drives etc).

當然，這完全取決于您購買的組件，但是與真正的Mac相比，您可以節省很多錢。尤其是像我一樣，如果您已經擁有一系列PC部件(顯示器，鍵盤，鼠標，機箱，硬盤驅動器等)。

You don’t really need to invest in a fancy graphics card. The onboard Intel HD4000 that comes with Core CPUs is compatible.

您真的不需要投資購買精美的圖形卡。核心CPU隨附的板載Intel HD4000是兼容的。

My desktop rig was upgraded last year for about ￡100 (motherboard), ￡165 (CPU), and ￡90 (RAM). I already owned the rest of the components.

我的臺式機設備去年進行了升級，價格分別為100英鎊(主板)，165英鎊(CPU)和90英鎊(RAM)。我已經擁有其余的組件。

我的Hackintosh可以用來做什么？ (What can I use my Hackintosh for?)

Anything you’d use a real Mac for. I tend to use my for day-to-day stuff. I also use it in coding my video game in Unreal Engine, which is inspired by the 1980s video game Spindizzy. The main advantage is that I can also export my game to iOS, because XCode is required for iOS development.

任何您要使用真實Mac的東西。我傾向于用我的日常用品。我還用它在Unreal Engine中為我的視頻游戲編寫代碼，該游戲的靈感來自1980年代的視頻游戲Spindizzy。主要優點是我還可以將游戲導出到iOS，因為XCode是iOS開發所必需的。

Windows呢？ (What about Windows?)

The beauty of a desktop Hackintosh is that you can (with a bit of work) dual boot Mac OS X and Windows from the same hard drive. However, before you attempt this, it’s worth pointing out that to save any future headaches, you really should consider just using a separate hard drive for each OS. This is due to some technicalities with bootloaders being overwritten once you install Windows. Google “Dual Boot Hackintoshes” for more info.

臺式機Hackintosh的優點在于，您可以(只需做一些工作)就可以從同一硬盤上雙重啟動Mac OS X和Windows。但是，在嘗試進行此操作之前，值得指出的是，為避免將來出現任何麻煩，您確實應該考慮為每個OS使用單獨的硬盤驅動器。這是由于安裝Windows后，引導加載程序的某些技術會被覆蓋。谷歌“ Dual Boot Hackintoshes”獲取更多信息。

下一步 (Next steps)

Get yourself over to tonymacx86.com and start your research. From a user experience point of view, once you are up and running, there is no difference between a Hackintosh and a real Mac, other than the shiny box it comes it. In terms of performance, you will get far more for your money, and these days stability is just as good as a real Mac.

將您自己帶到tonymacx86.com并開始您的研究。從用戶體驗的角度來看，一旦啟動并運行，Hackintosh和真正的Mac之間就沒有區別，除了它附帶的閃亮框。在性能方面，您將物有所值，而且如今的穩定性與真正的Mac一樣好。

Happy Hackintoshing!

快樂的Hackintoshing！

Originally published at simonwaters.co.uk on June 30, 2016.

最初于2016年6月30日在simonwaters.co.uk上發布。