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Linux內核空間與用戶空間通信機制的研究

Linux kernel space and user space communication mechanism

摘 要

Linux 是一個源碼開放的操作系統，無論是普通用戶還是企業用戶都可以編寫自己的內核代碼，再加上對標準內核的裁剪從而制作出適合自己的操作系統，深受大家喜愛。Linux系統中，在使用虛擬內存技術的多任務系統上，內核和用戶有不同的地址空間，因此，在內核與用戶之間進行數據交換需要專門的機制來實現。一個或多個內核模塊的實現并不能滿足一般 Linux 系統軟件的需要，因為內核的局限性太大，內核空間與用戶空間進程通信的方法就顯得尤為重要。本文將列舉幾種內核態與用戶態進程通信的方法：Netlink通信機制，基于文件系統的通信機制，內核啟動參數通信機制，并用實驗板對幾種重要的通信機制進行驗證，詳細分析它們的實現和適用環境，優缺點，并做出比較。提供用戶適合使用這種通信機制的環境，以便更好的運用Linux操作系統。

關鍵字 內核空間 用戶空間 地址空間

ABSTRACT

Linux is an open source operating system, whether ordinary users or business users can write your own kernel code, with the modification of the standard kernel，everyone can make up their own operating system, which makes Linux popular.In Linux systems, in the use of multi-tasking system with virtual memory technology, the kernel and the user have different address spaces, so the change of data between kernel and user needs Special Method to achieve. One or more kernel modules can not meet the general needs of Linux system software, just because the limitations of the kernel, make it important that the process communication method between kernel space and user space. In this article I will list some kernel mode and user mode process communication methods: Netlink communication mechanism, communication mechanism based on the file system, the kernel boot parameters of communication mechanism. I will analysis of their implementation, application environment, the advantages and disadvantages in detail, and make the comparison. I will provide users with suitable environment for each communication mechanism in order to let others make good use of Linux operating system.

Keywords kernel space user space address spaces

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目 錄

TOC \o "1-2" \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc294014233" 第一章 緒論 PAGEREF _Toc294014233 \h 1

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc294014234" 1.1 操作系統發展史 PAGEREF _Toc294014234 \h 1

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc294014235" 1.2 選題背景及研究意義 PAGEREF _Toc294014235 \h 2

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc294014236" 1.3 主要工作 PA