Linux常用命令——dmidecode命令

在線Linux命令查詢工具

dmidecode

在Linux系統下獲取有關硬件方面的信息

補充說明

dmidecode命令可以讓你在Linux系統下獲取有關硬件方面的信息。dmidecode的作用是將DMI數據庫中的信息解碼，以可讀的文本方式顯示。由于DMI信息可以人為修改，因此里面的信息不一定是系統準確的信息。dmidecode遵循SMBIOS/DMI標準，其輸出的信息包括BIOS、系統、主板、處理器、內存、緩存等等。
DMI（Desktop Management Interface,DMI）就是幫助收集電腦系統信息的管理系統，DMI信息的收集必須在嚴格遵照SMBIOS規范的前提下進行。SMBIOS（System Management BIOS）是主板或系統制造者以標準格式顯示產品管理信息所需遵循的統一規范。SMBIOS和DMI是由行業指導機構Desktop Management Task Force(DMTF)起草的開放性的技術標準，其中DMI設計適用于任何的平臺和操作系統。
DMI充當了管理工具和系統層之間接口的角色。它建立了標準的可管理系統更加方便了電腦廠商和用戶對系統的了解。DMI的主要組成部分是Management Information Format(MIF)數據庫。這個數據庫包括了所有有關電腦系統和配件的信息。通過DMI，用戶可以獲取序列號、電腦廠商、串口信息以及其它系統配件信息。

語法

dmidecode [選項]

選項

-d：(default:/dev/mem)從設備文件讀取信息，輸出內容與不加參數標準輸出相同。
-h：顯示幫助信息。
-s：只顯示指定DMI字符串的信息。(string)
-t：只顯示指定條目的信息。(type)
-u：顯示未解碼的原始條目內容。
--dump-bin file：將DMI數據轉儲到一個二進制文件中。
--from-dump FILE：從一個二進制文件讀取DMI數據。
-V：顯示版本信息。

dmidecode參數string及type列表：
（1）Valid string keywords are：

bios-vendor
bios-version
bios-release-date
system-manufacturer
system-product-name
system-version
system-serial-number
system-uuid
baseboard-manufacturer
baseboard-product-name
baseboard-version
baseboard-serial-number
baseboard-asset-tag
chassis-manufacturer
chassis-type
chassis-version
chassis-serial-number
chassis-asset-tag
processor-family
processor-manufacturer
processor-version
processor-frequency
（2）Valid type keywords are：
bios
system
baseboard
chassis
processor
memory
Cache
connector
slot
（3）type全部編碼列表：
BIOS
System
Base Board
Chassis
Processor
Memory Controller
Memory Module
Cache
Port Connector
System Slots
On Board Devices
OEM Strings
System Configuration Options
BIOS Language
Group Associations
System Event Log
Physical Memory Array
Memory Device
32-bit Memory Error
Memory Array Mapped Address
Memory Device Mapped Address
Built-in Pointing Device
Portable Battery
System Reset
Hardware Security
System Power Controls
Voltage Probe
Cooling Device
Temperature Probe
Electrical Current Probe
Out-of-band Remote Access
Boot Integrity Services
System Boot
64-bit Memory Error
Management Device
Management Device Component
Management Device Threshold Data
Memory Channel
IPMI Device
Power Supply
Additional Information
Onboard Device

實例

dmidecode -t 1  # 查看服務器信息
dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' # 查看服務器型號 
dmidecode |grep 'Serial Number' # 查看主板的序列號 
dmidecode -t 2  # 查看主板信息
dmidecode -s system-serial-number # 查看系統序列號 
dmidecode -t memory # 查看內存信息 
dmidecode -t 11 # 查看OEM信息 
dmidecode -t 17 # 查看內存條數
dmidecode -t 16 # 查詢內存信息
dmidecode -t 4  # 查看CPU信息cat /proc/scsi/scsi # 查看服務器硬盤信息

不帶選項執行dmidecode命令通常會輸出所有的硬件信息。dmidecode命令有個很有用的選項-t，可以按指定類型輸出相關信息，假如要獲得處理器方面的信息，則可以執行：

[root@localhost ~]# dmidecode -t processor
# dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS 2.5 present.Handle 0x0001, DMI type 4, 40 bytes
Processor InformationSocket Designation: Node 1 Socket 1Type: Central ProcessorFamily: Xeon MPManufacturer: Intel(R) Corporationid: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BFSignature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2Flags:FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)VME (Virtual mode extension)DE (Debugging extension)PSE (Page size extension)TSC (time stamp counter)MSR (Model specific registers)PAE (Physical address extension)MCE (Machine check exception)CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)SEP (Fast system call)MTRR (Memory type range registers)PGE (Page global enable)MCA (Machine check architecture)CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported)PAT (Page attribute table)PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension)CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)DS (Debug store)ACPI (ACPI supported)MMX (MMX technology supported)FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported)SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2)ss (Self-snoop)HTT (Multi-threading)TM (Thermal monitor supported)PBE (Pending break enabled)Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5620  @ 2.40GHzVoltage: 1.2 VExternal Clock: 5866 MHzMax Speed: 4400 MHzCurrent Speed: 2400 MHzStatus: Populated, EnabledUpgrade: ZIF SocketL1 Cache Handle: 0x0002L2 Cache Handle: 0x0003L3 Cache Handle: 0x0004Serial Number: Not SpecifiedAsset Tag: Not SpecifiedPart Number: Not SpecifiedCore Count: 4Core Enabled: 4Thread Count: 8Characteristics:64-bit capableHandle 0x0055, DMI type 4, 40 bytes
Processor InformationSocket Designation: Node 1 Socket 2Type: Central ProcessorFamily: Xeon MPManufacturer: Not SpecifiedID: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00Signature: Type 0, Family 0, Model 0, Stepping 0Flags: NoneVersion: Not SpecifiedVoltage: 1.2 VExternal Clock: 5866 MHzMax Speed: 4400 MHzCurrent Speed: UnknownStatus: UnpopulatedUpgrade: ZIF SocketL1 Cache Handle: Not ProvidedL2 Cache Handle: Not ProvidedL3 Cache Handle: Not ProvidedSerial Number: Not SpecifiedAsset Tag: Not SpecifiedPart Number: Not SpecifiedCharacteristics: None

查看內存的插槽數，已經使用多少插槽。每條內存多大，已使用內存多大

dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory\s+Device"|grep Size|grep -v Range #   Size: 2048 MB
#   Size: 2048 MB
#   Size: 4096 MB
#   Size: No Module Installed

查看內存支持的最大內存容量

dmidecode|grep -P 'Maximum\s+Capacity'#  Maximum Capacity: 16 GB

查看內存的頻率

dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"#   Memory Device
#     Array Handle: 0x1000
#     Error Information Handle: Not Provided
#     Total Width: 72 bits
#     Data Width: 64 bits
#     Size: 2048 MB
#     Form Factor: DIMM
#     Set: 1
#     Locator: DIMM_A1
#     Bank Locator: Not Specified
#     Type: DDR3
#     Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
#     Speed: 1333 MHz
#     Manufacturer: 00CE000080CE
#     Serial Number: 4830F3E1
#     Asset Tag: 01093200
#     Part Number: M391B5673EH1-CH9
#   --
#   Memory Device
#     Array Handle: 0x1000
#     Error Information Handle: Not Provided
#     Total Width: 72 bits
#     Data Width: 64 bits
#     Size: 2048 MB
#     Form Factor: DIMM
#     Set: 1
#     Locator: DIMM_A2
#     Bank Locator: Not Specified
#     Type: DDR3
#     Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered)
#     Speed: 1333 MHz
#     Manufacturer: 00AD000080AD
#     Serial Number: 1BA1F0B5
#     Asset Tag: 01110900
#     Part Number: HMT325U7BFR8C-H9
#   --dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep 'Speed'#  Speed: 1333 MHz
#  Speed: 1333 MHz
#  Speed: 1333 MHz
#  Speed: Unknown```shell