背景
開發爬蟲程序,如果不做代理設置,本機的外網IP很容易被網站封掉,導致不能持續進行數據抓取。而Selenium作為動態網頁抓取的利器,我們有必要了解一下,如何對它進行代理設置,并正常訪問網頁。
解決辦法
1、首先申請代理ip,正常付費的才比較靠譜。這其中包括賬號、密碼。
private?string?proxy_Host?=?"域名地址";private int proxy_Post = 端口;private?string?proxy_UserName?=?"賬號";private string proxy_PassWord = "密碼";private?string?proxy_CheckURL?=?"檢查是否正常的地址";private string Ex_Proxy_Name = "proxy.zip";
2、設置chrome?background.js、manifest.json
private bool Rebuild_Extension_Proxy(string proxy_UserName, string proxy_PassWord){bool result = false;FileStream zipToOpen = null;ZipArchive archive = null;ZipArchiveEntry readmeEntry = null;StreamWriter writer = null;string background = "";string manifest = "";try{background = @"var Global = {currentProxyAouth:{username: '',password: ''}}Global.currentProxyAouth = {username: '" + proxy_UserName + @"',password: '" + proxy_PassWord + @"'}chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener(function(details, callbackFn) {console.log('onAuthRequired >>>: ', details, callbackFn);callbackFn({authCredentials: Global.currentProxyAouth});}, {urls: [""<all_urls>""]}, [""asyncBlocking""]);chrome.runtime.onMessage.addListener(function(request, sender, sendResponse) {console.log('Background recieved a message: ', request);POPUP_PARAMS = {};if (request.command && requestHandler[request.command])requestHandler[request.command] (request);});";manifest = @"{""version"": ""1.0.0"",""manifest_version"": 2,""name"": ""Chrome Proxy"",""permissions"": [""proxy"",""tabs"",""unlimitedStorage"",""storage"",""<all_urls>"",""webRequest"",""webRequestBlocking""],""background"": {""scripts"": [""background.js""]},""minimum_chrome_version"":""22.0.0""}";zipToOpen = new FileStream(System.Environment.CurrentDirectory + "\\" + Ex_Proxy_Name, FileMode.Create);archive = new ZipArchive(zipToOpen, ZipArchiveMode.Update);readmeEntry = archive.CreateEntry("background.js");writer = new StreamWriter(readmeEntry.Open());writer.WriteLine(background);writer.Close();readmeEntry = archive.CreateEntry("manifest.json");writer = new StreamWriter(readmeEntry.Open());writer.WriteLine(manifest);writer.Close();result = true;}catch (Exception ex){result = false;}finally{if (writer != null) { writer.Close(); writer.Dispose(); writer = null; }if (readmeEntry != null) { readmeEntry = null; }if (archive != null) { archive.Dispose(); archive = null; }if (zipToOpen != null) { zipToOpen.Close(); zipToOpen.Dispose(); zipToOpen = null; }}return result;}
3、Chrome Driver使用代理Proxy
// 設置 Chrome Driver Exyension Proxy 設定bool isproxysetting = true;if (_isuseproxy){isproxysetting = Rebuild_Extension_Proxy(proxy_UserName, proxy_PassWord);}if (isproxysetting){// Driver 設定options = new ChromeOptions();if (_isuseproxy){options.Proxy = null;options.AddArguments("--proxy-server=" + proxy_Host + ":" + proxy_Post.ToString());options.AddExtension(Ex_Proxy_Name);}
4、測試一下我們的設置
private Proxy_Unit.ProxyIPInfo Get_ProxyIPInfo(string Html_Content){Proxy_Unit.ProxyIPInfo result = null;try{result = new Proxy_Unit.ProxyIPInfo();Html_Content = Html_Content.Replace("<html><head></head><body><pre style=\"word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;\">", "");Html_Content = Html_Content.Replace("</pre></body></html>", "");if (!Html_Content.Contains("proxy error")){result = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Proxy_Unit.ProxyIPInfo>(Html_Content);}else{result = null;}}catch (Exception ex){result = null;}return result;}
測試效果
成功,達到預期效果
{"ip":"213.182.205.185","country":"IS","asn":{"asnum":9009,"org_name":"M247 Ltd"},"geo":{"city":"Reykjavik","region":"1","region_name":"Capital Region","postal_code":"105","latitude":64.1369,"longitude":-21.9139,"tz":"Atlantic/Reykjavik","lum_city":"reykjavik","lum_region":"1"}
}
總結
我們之前測試要為ChromeDriver設定Proxy時有遇到許多困難,需要使用Chrome Extension的管道設定Proxy才成功,以上希望能讓您比較好了解。