地理圍欄_什么是“地理圍欄”？

地理圍欄

The term is popping up more frequently in news articles, appearing in product manuals, and highlighted as a feature in tons of mobile applications, but what exactly is geofencing? Read on as we explain what it is, why it’s appearing in more productions and applications, and how you can benefit from using it.

這個術語在新聞文章中出現的頻率更高，出現在產品手冊中，并在大量的移動應用程序中被突出顯示，但是地理圍欄到底是什么？在我們解釋它的含義，為什么它出現在更多產品和應用程序中以及如何從中受益的過程中，請繼續閱讀。

什么是地理圍欄？ (What Is Geofencing?)

Geofencing is the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite network and/or local radio-frequency identifiers (such as Wi-Fi nodes or Bluetooth beacons) to create virtual boundaries around a location.?The geofence is then paired with a hardware/software application that responds to the boundary in some fashion as dictated by the parameters of the program.

地理圍欄是使用全球定位系統(GPS)衛星網絡和/或本地射頻標識符(例如Wi-Fi節點或藍牙信標)在位置周圍創建虛擬邊界。然后，將地理圍欄與硬件/軟件應用程序配對，該應用程序可以根據程序參數的指示以某種方式對邊界進行響應。

While geofence-based hardware and software solutions have been around for decades, the early systems were limited largely to those willing to invest in expensive custom hardware for specific use cases. One of the early commercial uses of geofencing was in the livestock industry wherein a handful of cattle in a herd would be equipped with GPS units and if the herd moved outside of geographic boundaries (the geofence) set by the rancher then the rancher would receive an alert. Similar systems were deployed to safeguard and monitor company vehicle fleets wherein if a company vehicle left the zone it was assigned to managers at the company would be notified.

盡管基于地理圍欄的硬件和軟件解決方案已經存在了數十年，但早期的系統在很大程度上限于那些愿意為特定用例購買昂貴的定制硬件的系統。圍欄的早期商業用途之一是在畜牧業中，其中畜群中的幾頭牛將配備GPS裝置，如果該畜群移出Rancher設定的地理邊界(地理圍欄)之外，則Rancher將獲得警報。部署了類似的系統來保護和監視公司車輛的車隊，其中如果公司車輛離開該區域，則將通知分配給公司經理的車輛。

That’s all very interesting but as someone not running a cattle farm or a delivery fleet you’re probably asking yourself “How does this apply to me? Your title said I should be using geofencing!” So how does it apply to you?

這都是非常有趣的，但是當某人沒有經營牧場或運輸車隊時，您可能會問自己“這對我有什么影響？您的標題說我應該使用地理圍欄！” 那么，如何將它應用到你嗎？

The widespread adoption of smartphones has put a GPS/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth radio in the pockets of millions of consumers and ushered in an age of incredibly cheap and ubiquitous geolocation markers that has pushed geofencing from an expensive commercial practice into the realm of consumer application. What used to be a very costly tool for very specific applications is now free for developers to include in their software as the consumer already has the necessary hardware.?As a result geofencing capabilities are popping up in everything from shopping lists to smart home control packages.

智能手機的廣泛采用已將GPS / Wi-Fi /藍牙無線電帶入了數百萬消費者的口袋，并迎來了難以置信的廉價無處不在的地理位置標記時代，將地理圍欄從昂貴的商業實踐推向了消費者應用領域。。由于消費者已經擁有必要的硬件，過去對于某些特定應用來說是一種非常昂貴的工具，現在對于開發人員來說是免費的，因為開發人員可以將其包含在其軟件中。結果，從購物清單到智能家居控制包的所有功能都彈出了地理圍欄功能。

In other words, there’s a whole world of geofencing potential around you worth tapping into. Your smartphone is capable of reminding you to pick up the dry cleaning when you’re near the dry cleaners, of turning down the thermostat when you drive away from your house, and all other manner of handy location-based tricks.

換句話說，您周圍的地理圍欄潛力世界值得挖掘。您的智能手機可以提醒您在干洗店附近時進行干洗，當您開車離開家時可以調低恒溫器，以及所有其他方便的基于位置的技巧。

Now that we have a clearer picture of what geofencing is, let’s take a look at real-world applications you can start using today.

現在我們對地理圍欄有了更清晰的了解，讓我們看一下您今天可??以開始使用的實際應用程序。

應用中的地理圍欄 (Geofencing in Application)

Geofencing has crept into a wide range of applications over the last few years and has improved everything from to-do lists to household management.The following examples are merely that, examples culled from a wide range of available applications intended to highlight the diverse ways in which application developers are using geofencing. If you have a favorite app we’ve failed to mention here, by all means jump into the comments at the bottom and share the app.

在過去的幾年中，地理圍欄已經進入了廣泛的應用領域，并且已經改善了從待辦事項列表到家庭管理的所有內容。以下示例僅是示例，這些示例是從眾多可用應用程序中挑選出來的，旨在強調哪些應用程序開發人員正在使用地理圍欄。如果您有喜歡的應用程序，我們在這里沒有提及，請務必跳到底部的評論中并共享該應用程序。

生產率 (Productivity)

One of the most frustrating things, in regard to productivity and getting stuff done, is remembering you need to do something when you’re not in the right place to do it. If the dry cleaner is on the way home from work then it’s useful to have the process of leaving work trigger a reminder to get the dry cleaning. If you need files off a certain computer at work then it’s useful to have the reminder trigger when you arrive at work the next day. You keep forgetting to buy that adapter at the hardware store? Set a location-based reminder so the next time you’re in the store you won’t leave without it.

關于生產力和完成工作，最令人沮喪的事情之一是，記住當您不在正確的位置進行工作時需要做某事。如果干洗店在下班回家的路上，那么下班的過程會觸發提醒以獲取干洗的好處。如果您需要在工作中的某臺計算機上保存文件，那么第二天上班時讓提醒觸發器很有用。您忘了在五金店買那個適配器嗎？設置基于位置的提醒，這樣下次您進入商店時，就不會沒有它。

Stealing the Mona Lisa? Better set a geo-located reminder.

These kind of location-aware triggers and reminders are built into a large number of popular productivity apps. Cross-platform todo list app Todoist supports location-based reminders on both iOS and Android. Popular cross-platform service RememberTheMilk also supports location-based reminders. iPhone users who just need simple reminders without the complexity of a full task management system can also just attach a location to any item in the Reminders app.

這些類型的位置感知觸發器和提醒已內置在大量流行的生產力應用程序中。跨平臺待辦事項列表應用程序Todoist在iOS和Android上均支持基于位置的提醒。流行的跨平臺服務RememberTheMilk還支持基于位置的提醒。 iPhone用戶只需要簡單的提醒，而無需復雜的完整任務管理系統，也可以在“提醒”應用中將位置附加到任何項目。

智能家居控制 (Smarthome Control)

Smarthome control is an area where geofencing really shines. After all what says “The future is now!” more than approaching your home and having the lights turn on as you walk towards the door?

智能家居控制是地理圍欄真正發揮作用的領域。畢竟，“未來就是現在！” 不僅是您走向家中并在您走向門口時打開燈了？

That’s not even a vaporware suggestion either as off-the-shelf products such as the previously reviewed Philips Hue system have smartphone-based geofencing built right in. You can instruct the Hue to turn your lights on and off as you come and go and/or even have them apply custom scenes to different areas of your house.

這甚至都不是蒸氣器的建議，因為諸如先前審查過的飛利浦Hue系統之類的現成產品已內置基于智能手機的地理圍欄。您可以指示Hue在來來去去時打開和關閉燈，和/甚至讓他們將自定義場景應用于房屋的不同區域。

You can enjoy similar home/away detection with your heating and cooling thanks to a handy iOS app Skylark that pairs with both Nest and Honeywell smart thermostats. Android users can use IFTTT scripts or the Nest component in the Life360 app to do the same.

得益于方便的iOS應用程序Skylark(可與Nest和Honeywell智能恒溫器配合使用)，您可以通過加熱和冷卻享受類似的居家/外出檢測。 Android用戶可以使用IFTTT腳本或Life360應用程序中的Nest組件執行相同操作。

安全 (Security)

There are a bunch of clever applications for geofencing when it comes to mobile and computer security. Android 5.0, for example, has a handy feature wherein you can disable device locking if you are within range of the “home” Wi-Fi node: No more constantly unlocking your phone when you’re just sitting around on your couch playing with it during commercial breaks.

當涉及到移動和計算機安全性時，有許多巧妙的地理圍欄應用程序。例如，Android 5.0具有方便的功能，如果您處于“家庭” Wi-Fi節點的范圍內，則可以禁用設備鎖定：當您坐在沙發上玩時，不再需要不斷解鎖手機在商業休息期間。

You can also set up a miniature geofence around your computer that automatically locks your computer when your phone (and it’s corresponding bluetooth radio) move away from the computer. We detail how to set up that clever little hack here.

您還可以在計算機周圍設置一個微型地理圍欄，當您的手機(以及與之對應的藍牙收音機)從計算機移開時，它將自動鎖定計算機。我們將在此處詳細說明如何設置這種聰明的小技巧。

家庭追蹤 (Family Tracking)

If you have a busy family that you want to keep tabs on (like getting an alert when your kid gets home from school and forgets to call you), there are handy geofence-based solutions like the aforementioned Life360 application, available for both iOS and Android, that makes it dead simple to set up zones with corresponding notifications.

如果您有一個忙碌的家庭想要保持關注(例如，當孩子放學回家并忘記給您打電話時收到警報)，則可以使用基于地理圍欄的便捷解決方案，例如上述的Life360應用程序，該解決方案可用于iOS和Android，這使得設置具有相應通知的區域變得非常簡單。

Apple’s Find My Friends app for iOS 8.0+, seen above, offers similar functionality with the ability to check locations and set location-aware alerts.

如上所示，Apple的適用于iOS 8.0+的“查找我的朋友”應用程序提供了類似的功能，可以檢查位置并設置位置感知的警報。

使用IFTTT自己動手 (Roll Your Own with IFTTT)

IFTTT (IF This Then That) is a recipe system that allows you to create recipes like “If I’m leaving my office turn the air conditioner on at home” or “if I’m in the house after 9AM on a weekday text my boss that I’m stuck in traffic” or whatever other recipe you can cook up.

IFTTT (IF This Then That)是一個食譜系統，可讓您創建食譜，例如“如果我要離開辦公室在家中打開空調”或“如果我在工作日的上午9點之后在家里，老板“我交通阻塞”或您可以煮的其他任何食譜。

IFTTT supports native location tracking for both Android and iOS through the official IFTTT application. To see sample recipes that take advantage of the location tracking, check out the iOS location channel and the Android location channel.

IFTTT通過官方IFTTT應用程序支持Android和iOS的本地位置跟蹤。要查看利用位置跟蹤的示例食譜，請查看iOS位置頻道和Android位置頻道。

While using IFTTT is certainly more complicated than, say, using the simple geofencing built right into the Hue smart bulb system it offers a huge degree of flexibility as nearly any of the tens of thousands of IFTTT recipes can be adapted to work with the location app on your phone.

雖然使用IFTTT肯定比使用Hue智能燈泡系統中內置的簡單地理圍欄要復雜得多，但是它提供了極大的靈活性，因為成千上萬的IFTTT配方中的幾乎任何一種都可以與位置應用程序配合使用在您的手機上。

地理圍欄的未來 (The Future of Geofencing)

Although still unfamiliar to many people geofencing is a natural extension of our desire for our devices to do more (and to do more automatically) and to decrease the friction with which interact with our environment.

盡管對于許多人來說還是不熟悉的，但是地理圍欄是我們對設備做更多(并自動執行更多操作)并減少與環境相互作用的摩擦的渴望的自然延伸。

As devices become increasingly sophisticated and more elements of our home, vehicles, and workplace enter the ever growing stable of “Internet of things” objects expect to see geofencing applied to more and more devices and environments.

隨著設備變得越來越復雜，我們的家庭，車輛和工作場所中越來越多的元素進入越來越穩定的“物聯網”中，人們期望將地理圍欄應用于越來越多的設備和環境。

This increased integration could yield all sorts of novelties like workstations that power down when their owners leave for the building, coffee pots that turn on in the morning when the first coffee drinkers arrive, attic fans that whirl to life to suck in cool evening air as you drive home, garage doors that open automatically as you round the bend, and all manner of little changes that leave the computers to worry about the trivial bits while we get to focus on things more interesting than wondering if we locked the back door properly.

集成度的提高可能帶來各種新穎性，例如工作站在所有者離開建筑物時關閉電源，在第一個喝咖啡的人到來時早上打開的咖啡壺，閣樓的風扇旋轉并吸吮著涼爽的夜晚空氣，您開車回家，繞彎道時車庫門會自動打開，以及各種微小的變化，這些變化使計算機不必擔心瑣碎的事情，而我們將注意力集中在比不知道是否正確鎖上后門更有趣的事情上。