Linux 系統備份恢復工具 SYSTEM-RESCUE-CD 的使用

測試系統:linux-debian

備份系統
1、插入dd有systemrescuecd-x86-4.0.1.iso的系統備份恢復U盤;
2、開機按DEL進入BIOS,設置BOOT為USB-HDD啟動。Save&Exit;
3、進入備份恢復系統界面:--------------------------------------------------------------------	     |	    SYSTEM-RESCUE-CD 4.0.4 (www.sysresccd.org)		   --------------------------------------------------------------------|   1) SystemRescueCd: default boot opetions			   |   2) SystemRescueCd: all files cached to memory (docache)	   |   3) SystemRescueCd: framebuffer console in high resolution	   |   4) SystemRescueCd: do not ask for keyboard, use US keymap	   |   5) Boot an exising Linux system installed on the disk	   |   6) SystemRescueCd: alternative kernel with default boot option |   7) SystemRescueCd: directly start the graphical environment	   |								   |   A) Run system tools from floppy disk image...              >   |   B) Standard 32bit kernel (rescue32) with more choice...    >   |   C) Standard 64bit kernel (rescue64) with more choice...    >   |   D) Alternative 32bit kernel (altker32) with more choice... >   |   E) Alternative 64bit kernel (altker64) with more choice... >   |								   |   *) Boot from first hard disk				   |   *) Boot from second hard disk				   --------------------------------------------------------------------選擇1),回車。 (大概等待10分鐘,視服務器而定)
4、查看系統分區:fdisk -lModel: ATA ST330621A (scsi)Disk /dev/sda: 30.0GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: gptDisk Flags: Number  Start   End     Size    File system     Name  Flags1      17.4kB  1000MB  1000MB  ext2                  boot2      1000MB  3000MB  2000MB  linux-swap(v1)3      3000MB  8000MB  5000MB  ext34      8000MB  30.0GB  22.0GB  ext3Model: Generic Flash Disk (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 8020MBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: msdosDisk Flags: Number  Start  End     Size    Type     File system  Flags1      512B   8020MB  8020MB  primary  fat32        boot, lba查看當前U盤目錄及使用情況:df -hFilesystem	Size	Used	Avall	Use%	Mounted onrootfs		498M	800K	497M	1%	/udev		10M	0	10M	0%	/dev/dev/sdb1	7.5G	2.7G	4.9G	36%	/livemnt/boot/dev/loop0	339M	339M	0	100%	/livemnt/squashfstmpfs		498M	800K	497M	1%	/livemnt/memorynone		498M	800K	497M	1%	/tmpfs		512M	16K	512M	1%	/livemnt/tftpmemnone		512M	16K	512M	1%	/tftpboottmpfs		498M	636K	497M	1%	/runudev		10M	0	10M	0%	/devshm		498M	0	498M	0%	/dev/shmcgroup_root	10M	0	10M	0%	/sys/fs/cgrouptmpfs		498M	0	498M	0%	/tmp5、 掛載U盤分區:mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/floppy或直接在U盤目錄中賦予一個目錄讀寫權限:mount -o remount,rw /livemnt/boot/
6、 創建鏡像:partimage進入備份恢復界面:----------------------------------------------------------------------|			Partition Image 0.6.9			     |--------------------------------------------------------------------| * Partition to save?restore					     |   sda1				ext2fs		953.00 MiB   |   sda2				swap (v1)	1.86 GiB     |   sda3				ext3fs		5.00 GiB     |   sda5				ext3fs		25.16 GiB    |   sdb1				fat32		7.47 GiB     |								     |--------------------------------------------------------------------| * Image file to create/use					     |   ___________________________________________________________ <*>  |--------------------------------------------------------------------| Action to be done:					<Next (F5)>  | (*) Save partition into a new image file			     | ( ) Restore partition from an image file		<About>	     | ( ) Restore an MBR from the image file			     |							<Exit (F6)>  | [ ] Connect to server						     |	IP/name of the server: ________________________ Port: 4025__ |	[X] Encrypt data on the network with SSL		     ---------------------------------------------------------------------[1] 選擇要備份的區域:sda1				ext2fs		953.00 MiB [2] 填寫要存儲的備份文件名:/livemnt/boot/ncweb_img/ncweb_sda1_boot.img	<*>[3] 選擇備份新鏡像:(*) Save partition into a new image file[4] 按F5進入下一步:-------------------------------------------------------------------------|			save partition to image file			|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| Compression level							| ( ) None (very fast + very big file)					| (*) Gzip (.gz: medium speed + small image file)			| ( ) Bzip2 (.bz2: very slow + very smaill image file)			|									| Options				If finished successfully:	| [X] Check partition before saving	(*) Wait			| [X] Enter description			( ) Halt			| [ ] Overwrite without prompt		( ) Reboot			|					( ) Quit			| Image splut mode			( ) Last			| ( ) Automatic split (when no space left)				| (*) Into files whose size is:........... 2037____MiB			| [ ] Wait after each volume change					|									|	<Contine (F5)>	<Exit (F6)>	<Main window (F7)>		-------------------------------------------------------------------------[5] 描述鏡像文件:-------------------------------------------------------------------------|			Parition description				|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| You can enter a description of the saved partition:			| ________________________________________________________________	|									|				------					|				| OK |					|				------					-------------------------------------------------------------------------如填寫:ncweb sda1 boot 2.0GB image[6] 提示當前分區信息,點擊OK:Ext3fs informationsSpave usage:........................8%Used space:.........................2.17 GiBFree space:.........................23.00 GiBBitmap size:........................3.15 MiBLabel:..............................Number of groups:...................202First block:........................0Ext3fs journalization:..............yesSparse super block:.................yesLarge files support:................yesFile system revision:...............1[7] 生成鏡像:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|			save partition to image file				|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|  Partition to save:.........../dev/sda5					|  Size of the Partition:.......25.16 GiB = 27018657792 bytes			|  Current image file:........../livemnt/boot/ncweb_img/ncweb_sda1_boot.img000	|  Image file size:.............238.13 MiB					|  Available space for image:...4.45 GiB = 4721212313 bytes			|  Detected file system:........ext3fs						|  Compression level:...........gzip						|										|  Time elapsed:................3m:45sec					|  Estimated time remaining:....1m:23sec					|  Speed:.......................388.32 MiB/min					|  Data copied:.................1.75 GiB / 2.17 GiB				|										|	_____________________________8%___________________________________	---------------------------------------------------------------------------------[8] 完成,點擊OK:SuccessOperation successfully finished:Time elapased: 5m:53secSpeed: 376.9 MiB/minData copied: 2.17 GiB
7、導出分區表:[1] MBR類型# sfdisk -d /dev/sda > /mnt/floppy/ncweb.fdisk[2] GPT等類型# gdiskGPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.8Type device filename, or press <Enter> to exit: /dev/sdaPartition table scan:MBR: MBR onlyBSD: not presentAPM: not presentGPT: not present*****************************************************************Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT formatin memory. THIS OPERATION IS POENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit bytyping 'q'  if you don't want to convert your MBR partitionsto GPT format!*****************************************************************Command (? for help): [3]輸入備份命令:bCommand (? for help): bEnter backup filename to save:[4]輸入要備份的區域://livemnt/boot/ncwww_img/ncwww.fdiskEnter backup filename to save: /livemnt/boot/ncwww_img/ncwww.fdiskThe operation has completed successfully.[5]退出:q恢復系統
1、導入分區表[1] MBR類型:# sfdisk /dev/sda < /mnt/floppy/ncweb.fdisk[2] GPT等類型#gdiskGPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.8Type device filename, or press <Enter> to exit: /dev/sdaPartition table scan:MBR: MBR onlyBSD: not presentAPM: not presentGPT: not present*****************************************************************Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT formatin memory. THIS OPERATION IS POENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit bytyping 'q'  if you don't want to convert your MBR partitionsto GPT format!*****************************************************************Command (? for help): [3] 輸入恢復命令:rCommand (? for help): rRecovery/transformation command (? for help):[4] 輸入子命令:lRecovery/transformation command (? for help): lEnter backup filename to load:[5] 輸入要恢復的文件名:/livemnt/boot/ncwww_img/ncwww.fdiskEnter backup filename to load: /livemnt/boot/ncwww_img/ncwww.fdiskRecovery/transformation command (? for help):[6] 輸入寫入的子命令:wRecovery/transformation command (? for help): wFinal checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTINGPARTITIONS!![7] 輸入Y,確認進行恢復:Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): YOK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.The operation has completed suceesfully.
2、恢復分區: partimage進入備份恢復界面:----------------------------------------------------------------------|			Partition Image 0.6.9			     |--------------------------------------------------------------------| * Partition to save?restore					     |   sda1				ext2fs		953.00 MiB   |   sda2				swap (v1)	1.86 GiB     |   sda3				ext3fs		5.00 GiB     |   sda5				ext3fs		25.16 GiB    |   sdb1				fat32		7.47 GiB     |								     |--------------------------------------------------------------------| * Image file to create/use					     |   ___________________________________________________________ <*>  |--------------------------------------------------------------------| Action to be done:					<Next (F5)>  | ( ) Save partition into a new image file			     | (*) Restore partition from an image file		<About>	     | ( ) Restore an MBR from the image file			     |							<Exit (F6)>  | [ ] Connect to server						     |	IP/name of the server: ________________________ Port: 4025__ |	[X] Encrypt data on the network with SSL		     ----------------------------------------------------------------------[1] 選擇要恢復的區域:sda1				ext2fs		953.00 MiB [2] 填寫要恢復用的鏡像文件名:/livemnt/boot/ncweb_img/ncweb_sda1_boot.img	<*>[3] 選擇用鏡像恢復:(*) Restore partition from an image file[4] 按F5,進入下一步,直接點擊OK。
3、安裝GRUB:確認存在分區表和分區內容后,REBOOT,重啟。--------------------------------------------------------------------	     |	    SYSTEM-RESCUE-CD 4.0.4 (www.sysresccd.org)		   --------------------------------------------------------------------|   1) SystemRescueCd: default boot opetions			   |   2) SystemRescueCd: all files cached to memory (docache)	   |   3) SystemRescueCd: framebuffer console in high resolution	   |   4) SystemRescueCd: do not ask for keyboard, use US keymap	   |   5) Boot an exising Linux system installed on the disk	   |   6) SystemRescueCd: alternative kernel with default boot option |   7) SystemRescueCd: directly start the graphical environment	   |								   |   A) Run system tools from floppy disk image...              >   |   B) Standard 32bit kernel (rescue32) with more choice...    >   |   C) Standard 64bit kernel (rescue64) with more choice...    >   |   D) Alternative 32bit kernel (altker32) with more choice... >   |   E) Alternative 64bit kernel (altker64) with more choice... >   |								   |   *) Boot from first hard disk				   |   *) Boot from second hard disk				   --------------------------------------------------------------------選擇5),回車。 (大概等待10分鐘,視服務器而定)進入系統后,root登錄終端:# grub-install /dev/sda若提示error,按提示添加運行參數:# grub-install /dev/sda --force完成后,reboot。拔出U盤。

gdisk其它功能,如創建分區[n],刪除分區[d],改寫分區類型[t] 等命令參數,請自行通過幫助命令?,來了解。

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