WiFi通信是指手機通過WiFi與外部設備建立連接,并與外部設備進行交互、通信。手機與外部設備的WiFi通信通常是使用Socket來實現的,在這里先介紹一個第三方Socket庫(CocoaAsyncSocket)來實現WiFi通信。
CocoaAsyncSocket支持TCP和UDP,其中:
AsyncSocket類是支持TCP的;
AsyncUdpSocket類是支持UDP的。
本文是建立在硬件通過UDP廣播包廣播自身信息,手機與硬件之間通過TCP連接傳輸數據。
WiFi連接的建立
首先,通過手動連接手機WiFi至外部設備,此時可以獲取到外部WiFi的一些信息:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface ViewController : UIViewControllertypedef void (^udpSocketBlock)(NSDictionary* dic,NSError* err);// block用于硬件返回信息的回調
@property (nonatomic,copy) udpSocketBlock udpSocketBlock;
- (void)sendUdpBoardcast:(udpSocketBlock)block;
@end
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AsyncSocket.h>
#import <AsyncUdpSocket.h>
@interface ViewController ()<AsyncSocketDelegate,AsyncUdpSocketDelegate>
@property (nonatomic,strong) AsyncUdpSocket *udpSocket;
@property (nonatomic,strong) AsyncSocket *socket;
@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {[super viewDidLoad];
}- (void)sendUdpBoardcast:(udpSocketBlock)block{self.udpSocketBlock = block;if(!_udpSocket)_udpSocket = [[AsyncUdpSocket alloc] initWithDelegate:self];NSData *data = [NSData data];// 此處data是根據硬件要求傳參數UInt16 port = 34343;// 此處具體指需詢問硬件工程師[self.udpSocket enableBroadcast:YES error:NULL];[_udpSocket sendData:data toHost:@"255.255.255.255" port:port withTimeout:-1 tag:0];// 因為不知道具體的ip地址,所以host采用受限廣播地址
}
- (BOOL)onUdpSocket:(AsyncUdpSocket *)sock didReceiveData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag fromHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port{
// data 接收到的外部設備返回的數據id result = [self unpackageMessage:data]; // 對數據進行處理,此處調用的 - (id)unpackageMessage:(NSData *)data ;是根據與硬件方面協商的數據格式進行的數據處理if ([[result valueForJSONKey:@"typeid"] isEqualToString:@"xxxx"]) {self.udpSocketBlock([result valueForJSONKey:@"data"],nil);} // 判斷的到的數據是否為我們需要的數據return YES; // 發現設備后,則關閉發現通道return NO; // 不關閉發現通道,一直處于發現狀態
}
#pragma mark - udpSocket
-(void)onUdpSocket:(AsyncUdpSocket *)sock didSendDataWithTag:(long)tag{}
通過調用該方法,可以得到外部設備返還的WiFi信息:
[self sendUdpBoardcast:^(NSDictionary *dic, NSError *err) {// dic為硬件返回的參數
}];
獲取硬件參數之后,需要確認手機是否已于硬件連接,直接調用方法
- (BOOL)isConnected;
若未連接,則需建立手機和硬件之間的socket連接:
- (BOOL)connectToHost:(NSString*)hostname onPort:(UInt16)port error:(NSError **)errPtr;
// hostname、port均為硬件返回的
數據的寫入和讀取
CocoaAsyncSocket提供了寫入數據和讀取數據的方法:
// 數據的寫入
- (void)writeData:(NSData *)data withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag;
// 數據的讀取
- (void)readDataWithTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag;
數據寫入具體格式需要根據硬件要求來決定,這里提供幾種常用的數據類型轉換方法以供參考:
- 十六進制字符串轉NSData
-(NSData *)converHexStrToData:(NSString *)hexString {NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];unsigned char whole_byte;char byte_chars[3] = {'\0','\0','\0'};if (hexString.length%2) {//防止丟失半個bytehexString = [@"0" stringByAppendingString:hexString];}int i;for (i = 0; i < [hexString length]/2; i++) {byte_chars[0] = [hexString characterAtIndex:i * 2];byte_chars[1] = [hexString characterAtIndex:i * 2 + 1];whole_byte = strtol(byte_chars, NULL, 16);[data appendBytes:&whole_byte length:1];}return data; }
- NSData轉十六進制字符串
-(NSString *) converDataToHexString:(NSData *)data {if (data == nil) {return nil;}NSMutableString* hexString = [NSMutableString string];const unsigned char *p = [data bytes];for (int i=0; i < [data length]; i++) {[hexString appendFormat:@"%02x", *p++];}return hexString; }
- 十六進制字符串轉普通字符串
-(NSString *)stringFromHexString:(NSString *)hexString {char *myBuffer = (char *)malloc((int)[hexString length] / 2 + 1);bzero(myBuffer, [hexString length] / 2 + 1);for (int i = 0; i < [hexString length] - 1; i += 2) {unsigned int anInt;NSString * hexCharStr = [hexString substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(i, 2)];NSScanner * scanner = [[NSScanner alloc] initWithString:hexCharStr];[scanner scanHexInt:&anInt];myBuffer[i / 2] = (char)anInt;}NSString *unicodeString = [NSString stringWithCString:myBuffer encoding:4];return unicodeString; }