一、bridge網絡
1.創建一個測試容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -it --name busybox_1 busybox /bin/sh -c "while true;do sleep 3600;done" 03b308c847edd23f21ba69afb825d92f7aaeb05b1ff4431dd47ccee439a0361a
2.查看當前機器docker有哪些網絡
[root@localhost ~]# docker network ls NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE fa30a4d17b5b bridge bridge local a03aaca35833 host host local d85c50eb947c none null local
3.查看bridge詳細信息(如果沒有指定網絡，默認使用bridge網絡)
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect fa30a4d17b5b #fa30a4d17b5b 為bridge的ID
....."Containers": { #該字段表示名稱為busybox_1的Container網絡連接到的是bridge這個網絡"03b308c847edd23f21ba69afb825d92f7aaeb05b1ff4431dd47ccee439a0361a": { #容器的ID"Name": "busybox_1", #容器的名稱"EndpointID": "c850f22941894ef8655a80a96e4be4c5045699b70b4bc17201f80f07a27a3b4d","MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","IPv4Address": "172.17.0.2/16", #地址"IPv6Address": ""}},
......
4.查看宿主機及容器busybox_1這個容器的網絡接口,其中宿主機的veth66a7ab0@if110與容器中的eth0@if111網絡接口實際上是一對pari,而veth66a7ab0@if110又連接到docker0上
[root@localhost ~]# ip a #查看宿主網絡接口 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:fd:34:4b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.16.150.135/24 brd 172.16.150.255 scope global eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:23:c0:91:f9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 111: veth66a7ab0@if110: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether 7e:59:81:8b:54:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0[root@localhost ~]# docker exec busybox_1 ip a #查看busybox_1容器的網絡接口 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 110: eth0@if111: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.17.0.2/16 scope global eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5.驗證veth66a7ab0網絡與docker0相連接
[root@localhost ~]# brctl show #如果沒有該命令,yum安裝 bridge-utils軟件包即可 bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces docker0 8000.024223c091f9 no veth66a7ab0
6.創建第二測試容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -it --name busybox_2 busybox /bin/sh -c "while true;do sleep 3600;done" b884db0bf4a862281b1dfb66457c7f565896fce1a40151619e80c2c5b1499216
7.再次查看bridge網絡信息
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect bridge
...... "Containers": {"03b308c847edd23f21ba69afb825d92f7aaeb05b1ff4431dd47ccee439a0361a": {"Name": "busybox_1","EndpointID": "c850f22941894ef8655a80a96e4be4c5045699b70b4bc17201f80f07a27a3b4d","MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","IPv4Address": "172.17.0.2/16","IPv6Address": ""},"b884db0bf4a862281b1dfb66457c7f565896fce1a40151619e80c2c5b1499216": {"Name": "busybox_2", #busybox_2 也連接到bridge"EndpointID": "a5e56917165daf2965bf7f24cf9ce58c88e4ff3c1118544c49ca5f25172af28d","MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03","IPv4Address": "172.17.0.3/16","IPv6Address": ""}},
......
8.查看本地網絡接口,發現多了113: vethc039e93@if112
[root@localhost ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:fd:34:4b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.16.150.135/24 brd 172.16.150.255 scope global eth0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 02:42:23:c0:91:f9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 111: veth66a7ab0@if110: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether 7e:59:81:8b:54:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 113: vethc039e93@if112: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether ea:a2:a8:dc:48:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1
9.查看bridge網絡信息,發現docker0連接率兩個接口了
[root@localhost ~]# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces docker0 8000.024223c091f9 no veth66a7ab0vethc039e93
?簡單拓撲圖：
總結：實質上docker容器之間通過與docker0接口連接.實現先互直接通信,感覺有點像交換機?
10.docker訪問公網簡單拓撲圖
小結：實質上docker訪問公網網絡通過docker0 NAT轉發實現
?二、host網絡
1.查看當前服務端口
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tnlp #除了sshd，沒有其他服務端口 Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 965/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 965/sshd
2.創建一個測試容器，指定使用host網絡
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --privileged --name my_centos --network host docker.io/centos /usr/sbin/init #建議使用centos鏡像，后續測試需要 cfb8d105dcb44947ce794d890b67c905df9aa1ba67ef2675fd1a51177d47835d
3.查看host網絡信息(注意容器的網絡信息)
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect host
......"Containers": {"cfb8d105dcb44947ce794d890b67c905df9aa1ba67ef2675fd1a51177d47835d": {"Name": "my_centos","EndpointID": "4250d74b28f8125688bd7d0f1475a7d107135c0e87367a9c35c197fd981b7cd4","MacAddress": "", #可以看到我們創建的容器此時并沒有Mac和IP地址"IPv4Address": "","IPv6Address": ""}......
4.進入容器內部，查看網絡信息
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it my_centos /bin/bash [root@localhost /]# ip a #默認沒有相關查看命令 bash: ip: command not found [root@localhost /]# ifconfig bash: ifconfig: command not found [root@localhost /]# yum install net-tools -y #我們yum安裝(是不是很奇怪，沒有網絡地址怎么安裝) [root@localhost /]# ifconfig #內容太多不粘了，但是顯示的應該是當前宿主機的網絡信息 [root@localhost /]# netstat -tnlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN -
5.在容器總安裝httpd服務器，并啟動
[root@localhost /]# yum install httpd -y [root@localhost /]# systemctl restart httpd [root@localhost /]# netstat -tnlp #發現多了80端口 Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1305/httpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN -
6.退出容器，在宿主機上查看當前網絡連接
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tnlp #宿主機上80端口也被開放了 Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7032/httpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 965/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 965/sshd
7.對于host模式的思考:
host模式下是怎么占領端口的？
host模式端口占用模式是你的容器占用你主機上當前所監聽的端口(官網描述為publish)，比如我們都知道Nginx占用80端口，那么當我們用host模式啟動的時候，主機上的80端口會被Nginx占用，這個時候其他的容器就不能指定我們的8080端口了，但是可以指定其他端口，所以說一臺主機上可以運行多個host模式的容器，只要彼此監聽的端口不一樣就行。
host模式下使用-p或者-P會出現WARNING: Published ports are discarded when using host network mode
當你是host模式的時候，主機會自動把他上面的端口分配給容器，這個時候使用-p或者-P是無用的。但是還是可以在Dockerfile中聲明EXPOSE端口
host模式設計的原因
host模式設計出來就是為了性能，訪問主機的端口就能訪問到我們的容器，使容器直接暴露在公網下，但是這卻對docker的隔離性造成了破壞，使得安全性大大降低。這種模式有利有弊，對于每個人來說看法都不一樣，具體取舍看個人。
?三、none網絡
1.創建一個測試容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name test1 --network none busybox /bin/sh -c "while true;do sleep 36000;done" ca1771ebfe436137156568cd570c116d12bd85e782dbec365c9f62a70209d028
2.查看none網絡信息
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect none
......"Containers": {"ca1771ebfe436137156568cd570c116d12bd85e782dbec365c9f62a70209d028": {"Name": "test1", #容器無法看到Mac和IP地址"EndpointID": "ddcff44cdedb78f59108c6978345a256baa8bb09965461b2ffac58d5334fdba6","MacAddress": "","IPv4Address": "","IPv6Address": ""}
......
3.進入容器查看網絡信息
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it test1 /bin/sh / # ip a #只有回環接口 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 函數 | cin.peek() 函數 | cin.putback() 函數 ))
