1. 環境

虛擬機鏡像ISO：ubuntu-24.04.2-live-server-arm64.iso

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2. 定制cloud-init鏡像

2.1 安裝OS

基于ubuntu-24.04.2-live-server-arm64.iso，通過virt-manager安裝操作系統，語言建議選擇英文，分區選擇基于LVM的自動分區，具體的操作系統安裝步驟可以查閱網上資料。

2.2 配置靜態IP地址

vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

network:version: 2renderer: networkdethernets:enp1s0: dhcp4: noaddresses:- 172.19.0.200/24routes:- to: defaultvia: 172.19.0.254nameservers:addresses:- 223.5.5.5

2.3 配置源

vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

Types: deb deb-src
URIs: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg#Types: deb
#URIs: http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/
#Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
#Components: main restricted universe multiverse
#Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
#
#Types: deb
#URIs: http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/
#Suites: noble-security
#Components: main restricted universe multiverse
#Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

2.4 安裝開發包

sudo apt update
sudo apt build-dep linux linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r)
sudo apt install fakeroot llvm libncurses-dev dwarves gawk flex bison openssl libssl-dev dkms libelf-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libiberty-dev autoconf git
apt source linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r)
sudo apt install docker.io

2.5 安裝cloud-init

sudo apt install cloud-init cloud-guest-utils

2.6 配置啟用密碼登錄

vim /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg

disable_root: false

2.7 配置自動擴容

通過fdisk -l系統分區情況，如下所示：

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: C992E753-0498-4FFE-B859-9B5B8C0EF2A5Device       Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
/dev/vda1     2048  1953791  1951744  953M EFI System
/dev/vda2  1953792  5623807  3670016  1.8G Linux filesystem
/dev/vda3  5623808 41940991 36317184 17.3G Linux filesystemDisk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

通過blkid查看塊設備詳情，如下所示：

/dev/sr0: BLOCK_SIZE="2048" UUID="2025-02-16-22-52-55-00" LABEL="Ubuntu-Server 24.04.2 LTS arm64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: UUID="99a93588-73ac-47d9-af78-5104f694157c" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/vda2: UUID="2a798038-e186-4211-a68e-40c5f0de176b" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="d87cecc0-0786-4b52-b2e8-a9e17c4deb75"
/dev/vda3: UUID="4BxQxy-zrfh-QVKZ-xqtA-WVbz-KGGt-2319JR" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="e58c8695-ab27-4980-b52f-b7010f2fc1ce"
/dev/vda1: UUID="5D46-E9E3" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="dfcdd546-be2e-44eb-a1a5-7071fb372135"

根據以上信息，得知我們需要自動擴容vda3分區（growpart）、擴容LVM和ext4文件系統（runcmd）。
創建文件/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/06_growpart.cfg
vim /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/06_growpart.cfg

#cloud-config
growpart:mode: autodevices: [/dev/vda3]ignore_growroot_disabled: false
runcmd:- [pvresize,/dev/vda3]- [lvextend,-l,+100%FREE,/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv]- [resize2fs,/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv]

2.8 配置網絡位置為DHCP

vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

network:version: 2renderer: networkdethernets:enp1s0: dhcp4: yes

2.9 清理cloud-init信息

cat /etc/cloud/cloud-init.disabled

Disabled by Ubuntu live installer after first boot.
To re-enable cloud-init on this image run:sudo cloud-init clean --machine-id

執行如下命令，關閉虛擬機，鏡像制作完畢

sudo cloud-init clean --machine-id

2.10 上傳至云平臺

source /root/admin-openrc.sh
glance image-create --name ubuntu-24.04.2-live-server-arm64-20250418 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --file ubuntu-24.04.2-live-server-arm64-20250418.qcow2 --property hw_scsi_model=virtio-scsi --property hw_disk_bus=virtio --property os_distro=kylin --visibility public --progress

注意：由于上述分區采用的是virtio模式，故這個屬性也必須設置為–property hw_disk_bus=virtio。

啟動虛擬機，指定相應的磁盤大小，如200GB，進入虛擬機查看根分區擴容情況，df -hl查看如下所示：

Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                              792M  1.2M  791M   1% /run
efivarfs                           256K   13K  244K   5% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv  195G  6.3G  180G   4% /
tmpfs                              3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
/dev/vda2                          1.7G  100M  1.5G   7% /boot
/dev/vda1                          952M  6.4M  945M   1% /boot/efi
tmpfs                              792M   12K  792M   1% /run/user/0

虛擬機啟動和調整參考各個openstack發行版本或商業版本，可能略有不同，這里不再贅述。

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3. 參考文獻

Kylin v10基于cloud-init實現分區自動擴容（LVM分區模式）
Kylin v4基于cloud-init實現分區自動擴容