springboot項目中整合高德地圖

一：高德開放平臺的使用

????????高德開放平臺 | 高德地圖API?

???????注冊高德地圖賬號

? ? ? ? 認證填寫個人信息：?

????????認證方式選擇“個人認證開發者”即可，然后完善信息

?????????認證成功之后，再次進入控制臺，創建關于地圖的應用

????????

? ? ? ? 創建Key（yml文件需要使用）：

????????

????????以上步驟便可以完成高德地圖的申請和key的創建。

開始Springboot的創建（就不從0到一的創建了）

二：創建數據庫（我是用的是MySQL）

? ? ? ? 建表語句：

CREATE TABLE `location_record` (`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID',`ip` VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客戶端IP地址',`longitude` DOUBLE(10,6) NOT NULL COMMENT '經度坐標，精確到小數點后6位',`latitude` DOUBLE(10,6) NOT NULL COMMENT '緯度坐標，精確到小數點后6位',`address` VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '詳細地址信息',`formatted_address` VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '格式化后的完整地址',`city` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '所在城市名稱',`province` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '所在省份名稱',`district` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '新增：所在區縣名稱',`street` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '新增：街道信息',`create_time` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '記錄創建時間',`update_time` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '記錄更新時間',PRIMARY KEY (`id`),KEY `idx_location` (`longitude`,`latitude`),KEY `idx_create_time` (`create_time`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT='地理位置信息記錄表';

? ? ? ? 表中樣式：

三：Springboot所需的依賴（根據你的需求再去增加刪除依賴）

dependencies><!-- FastJSON --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.76</version></dependency><!-- OkHttp --><dependency><groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId><artifactId>okhttp</artifactId><version>4.12.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version> 1.2.23</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.33</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.5.6</version></dependency><!-- Spring Boot Starter Web --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId><version>2.6.13</version></dependency><!-- Apache HttpClient --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpclient</artifactId><version>4.5.13</version></dependency><!-- Spring Boot Configuration Processor --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId><version>2.6.13</version><optional>true</optional></dependency><!-- Lombok --><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.26</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

四：yml文件的配置

server:port: 8096spring:amap:key: "你的高德地圖key值"version: 2.0geocode-url: https://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/geoip-url: https://restapi.amap.com/v3/ipregeo-url: https://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/regeodatasource: # 數據源配置driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/你所建表對應的數據庫?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=falseusername: rootpassword: roottype: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource# mybatis-plus配置,也可以不加,只是為了顯示SQL,Springboot都自動配置好了
mybatis-plus:configuration:log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

五：所需要的類

????????

?AmapConfig：

package com.qfedu.config;import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.amap")
public class AmapConfig {private String key;                   // 對應配置中的 keyprivate String securityJsCode;        // 對應 security-js-codeprivate String version = "2.0";       // 默認版本號private String geocodeUrl;            // 對應 geocode.urlprivate String ipUrl;                 // 對應 ip.urlprivate String regeoUrl;              // 對應 regeo.url
}

WebMvcConfig（因為我的項目中配置了攔截器，所以需要這樣一個類）：

package com.qfedu.config;import com.qfedu.common.core.interceptor.LoginInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {@Beanpublic LoginInterceptor loginInterceptor() {return new LoginInterceptor();}@Overridepublic void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(loginInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/api/amap/**","/api/location/**"  // 新增排除location相關路徑);}
}

HttpUtils：

package com.qfedu.utils;import com.sun.deploy.net.URLEncoder;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;public class HttpUtil {public static String doGet(String url) throws IOException {if (url == null || url.trim().isEmpty()) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("URL不能為空");}CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);// 設置請求頭httpGet.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");httpGet.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet)) {int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();if (statusCode != 200) {throw new IOException("HTTP請求失敗，狀態碼: " + statusCode + ", URL: " + url);}HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();if (entity == null) {throw new IOException("響應體為空");}return EntityUtils.toString(entity, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);} finally {httpClient.close();}}public static String encodeUrlParam(String param) {try {return URLEncoder.encode(param, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());} catch (Exception e) {return param;}}
}

返回值R類：（我的R類沒有使用泛型）

package com.qfedu.common.core.common;public class R {/*** code,指狀態碼,* 隨意定,20000 是正確,40000 錯誤* 50000 請求超時* 60000 沒有權限* msg,指信息描述* data,返回的數據*/private int code;private String msg;private Object data;public static R ok() {R r = new R();r.setCode(200);r.setMsg("成功");return r;}public static R ok(Object data) {R r = new R();r.setCode(200);r.setMsg("成功");r.setData(data);return r;}public static R fail() {R r = new R();r.setCode(500);r.setMsg("失敗");return r;}public static R fail(String msg) {R r = new R();r.setCode(500);r.setMsg(msg);return r;}public int getCode() {return code;}public void setCode(int code) {this.code = code;}public String getMsg() {return msg;}public void setMsg(String msg) {this.msg = msg;}public Object getData() {return data;}public void setData(Object data) {this.data = data;}}

免登錄自定義注解：

package com.qfedu.common.core.annotation;import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;/*** 以夢為馬，以汗為泉，不忘初心，不負韶華** @author ${上官簫宇}* @version 1.0* @data 2025/6/3 16:08*/
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)//注解運行時生效
public @interface NoLogin {
}

攔截器：

package com.qfedu.common.core.interceptor;import com.qfedu.common.core.annotation.NoLogin;
import com.qfedu.common.core.constants.CommonConstants;
import com.qfedu.common.core.utils.JwtUtils;
import com.qfedu.common.core.utils.UserUtils;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;/*** ---Do First---** @author:wellseasun* @date:2025/5/22 下午 8:30* @desc:*/
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {// preHandle：執行時機：訪問接口前@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {// handler表示處理某個請求的處理器對象，// 如果是類級別的攔截器，則handler為類對象，如果是方法級別的攔截器，則handler為方法對象if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();boolean annotationPresent = method.isAnnotationPresent(NoLogin.class);if (annotationPresent) {// 如果使用了注解，直接放行return true;} else {// 沒有使用注解，需要從請求頭中獲取名為LOGIN_TOKEN的tokenString token = request.getHeader(CommonConstants.LOGIN_TOKEN);if (token == null || token.isEmpty()) {throw new RuntimeException("請重新登錄");}try {JwtUtils jwtUtils = new JwtUtils();Claims claims = jwtUtils.parseJWT(token);UserUtils.setUid((Integer) claims.get("uid"));} catch (Exception e) {throw e;}}}return true;}}

沒錯，下面就是層級關系：

mapper：

package com.qfedu.mapper;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.qfedu.common.core.entity.LocationRecord;public interface LocationRecordMapper extends BaseMapper<LocationRecord> {
}

service：

package com.qfedu.service;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.qfedu.common.core.entity.LocationRecord;public interface AmapService {/*** IP定位* @param ip IP地址* @return 定位結果*/JSONObject ipLocation(String ip);/*** 逆地理編碼* @param longitude 經度* @param latitude 緯度* @return 地址信息*/JSONObject regeoLocation(Double longitude, Double latitude);/*** 地理編碼* @param address 地址* @return 經緯度信息*/JSONObject geoLocation(String address);/*** 保存定位記錄* @param record 定位記錄* @return 是否成功*/boolean saveLocationRecord(LocationRecord record);
}

service實現類：

package com.qfedu.service.impl;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.qfedu.common.core.entity.LocationRecord;
import com.qfedu.config.AmapConfig;
import com.qfedu.mapper.LocationRecordMapper;
import com.qfedu.service.AmapService;
import com.qfedu.utils.HttpUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;/*** 高德地圖服務實現類* 提供IP定位、地理編碼、逆地理編碼等核心功能*/
@Service
public class AmapServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<LocationRecordMapper, LocationRecord>implements AmapService {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AmapServiceImpl.class);@Autowiredprivate AmapConfig amapConfig; // 高德配置參數（key/url等）/*** 初始化時打印配置信息（調試用）*/@PostConstructpublic void init() {logger.info("高德地圖配置加載: key={}, ipUrl={}, geoUrl={}, regeoUrl={}",amapConfig.getKey(),amapConfig.getIpUrl(),amapConfig.getGeocodeUrl(),amapConfig.getRegeoUrl());}// ==================== 核心服務方法 ====================/*** IP定位服務* @param ip 需要查詢的IP地址* @return 包含定位結果的JSON對象（status=1成功，0失敗）*/@Overridepublic JSONObject ipLocation(String ip) {// 參數校驗if (!StringUtils.hasText(ip)) {return createErrorResponse("IP地址不能為空");}try {// 配置校驗validateConfig(amapConfig.getKey(), amapConfig.getIpUrl());// 構建請求URL（示例：https://restapi.amap.com/v3/ip?key=xxx&ip=8.8.8.8）String url = String.format("%s?key=%s&ip=%s",amapConfig.getIpUrl().trim(),amapConfig.getKey().trim(),HttpUtil.encodeUrlParam(ip));validateUrl(url); // URL格式校驗logger.info("請求高德IP定位API: {}", url);// 發送HTTP請求并解析響應String response = HttpUtil.doGet(url);logger.debug("高德IP定位API響應: {}", response);return parseResponse(response);} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("IP定位失敗, IP: " + ip, e);return createErrorResponse("IP定位失敗: " + e.getMessage());}}/*** 逆地理編碼服務（坐標→地址）* @param longitude 經度* @param latitude 緯度* @return 包含地址信息的JSON響應*/@Overridepublic JSONObject regeoLocation(Double longitude, Double latitude) {if (longitude == null || latitude == null) {return createErrorResponse("經緯度不能為空");}try {validateConfig(amapConfig.getKey(), null); // 僅校驗Key// 構建請求URL（示例：https://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/regeo?key=xxx&location=116.4,39.9）String location = longitude + "," + latitude;String url = String.format("%s?key=%s&location=%s",amapConfig.getRegeoUrl(),amapConfig.getKey(),HttpUtil.encodeUrlParam(location));logger.debug("請求高德逆地理編碼API: {}", url);String response = HttpUtil.doGet(url);logger.debug("高德逆地理編碼API響應: {}", response);return parseResponse(response);} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("逆地理編碼失敗, 位置: " + longitude + "," + latitude, e);return createErrorResponse("逆地理編碼失敗: " + getErrorMessage(e));}}/*** 地理編碼服務（地址→坐標）* @param address 結構化地址（如"北京市海淀區中關村大街1號"）* @return 包含經緯度的JSON響應*/@Overridepublic JSONObject geoLocation(String address) {if (!StringUtils.hasText(address)) {return createErrorResponse("地址不能為空");}try {validateConfig(amapConfig.getKey(), null); // 僅校驗Key// 構建請求URL（示例：https://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/geo?key=xxx&address=北京）String url = String.format("%s?key=%s&address=%s",amapConfig.getGeocodeUrl(),amapConfig.getKey(),HttpUtil.encodeUrlParam(address));logger.debug("請求高德地理編碼API: {}", url);String response = HttpUtil.doGet(url);logger.debug("高德地理編碼API響應: {}", response);return parseResponse(response);} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("地理編碼失敗, 地址: " + address, e);return createErrorResponse("地理編碼失敗: " + getErrorMessage(e));}}/*** 保存定位記錄到數據庫* @param record 定位記錄實體* @return 是否保存成功*/@Overridepublic boolean saveLocationRecord(LocationRecord record) {try {return this.save(record); // 調用MyBatis-Plus的save方法} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("保存定位記錄失敗", e);return false;}}// ==================== 內部工具方法 ====================/*** 校驗高德配置參數* @param key 高德API Key* @param url 需要校驗的API地址（可選）* @throws IllegalStateException 當配置不合法時拋出*/private void validateConfig(String key, String url) {if (amapConfig == null || !StringUtils.hasText(key)) {throw new IllegalStateException("高德地圖配置未正確初始化");}if (url != null && !StringUtils.hasText(url)) {throw new IllegalStateException("高德API地址未配置");}}/*** 校驗URL合法性* @param url 待校驗的URL* @throws IllegalArgumentException 當URL非法時拋出*/private void validateUrl(String url) {if (!url.startsWith("http")) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("無效的API URL: " + url);}}/*** 解析高德API響應* @param response 原始JSON字符串* @return 解析后的JSONObject*/private JSONObject parseResponse(String response) {if (!StringUtils.hasText(response)) {return createErrorResponse("空響應");}try {JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(response);return result != null ? result : createErrorResponse("響應解析失敗");} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("解析高德API響應失敗", e);return createErrorResponse("響應解析失敗: " + e.getMessage());}}/*** 創建錯誤響應* @param message 錯誤信息* @return 標準化錯誤JSON（status=0）*/private JSONObject createErrorResponse(String message) {JSONObject result = new JSONObject();result.put("status", "0"); // 高德標準錯誤碼result.put("info", message);return result;}/*** 提取異常信息（避免null）*/private String getErrorMessage(Exception e) {return e.getMessage() != null ? e.getMessage() : "未知錯誤";}
}

controller：

package com.qfedu.controller;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.qfedu.common.core.annotation.NoLogin;
import com.qfedu.common.core.common.R;
import com.qfedu.common.core.entity.LocationRecord;
import com.qfedu.service.AmapService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.Date;/*** 高德地圖定位服務控制器* 提供IP定位、逆地理編碼、地理編碼三大核心功能*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/location")
public class LocationController {@Autowiredprivate AmapService amapService; // 高德地圖服務接口/*** IP定位接口* @param ip 需要定位的IP地址（如8.8.8.8）* @return 標準化響應R<JSONObject>，包含定位結果或錯誤信息*/@GetMapping("/ip")@NoLoginpublic R locateByIp(@RequestParam String ip) {// 調用高德IP定位服務JSONObject result = amapService.ipLocation(ip);// 校驗高德API返回狀態碼（1=成功）if (result != null && "1".equals(result.getString("status"))) {saveLocationRecord(ip, result); // 持久化定位記錄return R.ok(result); // 返回成功響應}// 失敗時返回錯誤信息（優先使用高德返回的info字段）return R.fail(result != null ? result.getString("info") : "IP定位服務不可用");}/*** 逆地理編碼接口（坐標→地址）* @param longitude 經度（如116.404）* @param latitude 緯度（如39.915）* @return 包含地址信息的標準化響應*/@GetMapping("/regeo")@NoLoginpublic R regeo(@RequestParam Double longitude,@RequestParam Double latitude) {JSONObject result = amapService.regeoLocation(longitude, latitude);if (result != null && "1".equals(result.getString("status"))) {saveLocationRecord(null, longitude, latitude, result); // IP傳nullreturn R.ok(result);}return R.fail(result != null ? result.getString("info") : "逆地理編碼服務不可用");}/*** 地理編碼接口（地址→坐標）* @param address 結構化地址（如"北京市海淀區中關村大街1號"）* @return 包含經緯度的標準化響應*/@GetMapping("/geo")@NoLoginpublic R geo(@RequestParam String address) {JSONObject result = amapService.geoLocation(address);if (result != null && "1".equals(result.getString("status"))) {return R.ok(result); // 地理編碼不保存記錄}return R.fail(result != null ? result.getString("info") : "地理編碼服務不可用");}// 內部工具方法/*** 從IP定位結果提取經緯度并保存記錄* @param ip IP地址* @param result 高德API返回的完整結果*/private void saveLocationRecord(String ip, JSONObject result) {JSONObject locationObj = result.getJSONObject("location");if (locationObj != null) {saveLocationRecord(ip,locationObj.getDouble("lng"), // 經度字段locationObj.getDouble("lat"), // 緯度字段result);}}/*** 保存定位記錄到數據庫（核心方法）* @param ip 可能為null（當來源是逆地理編碼時）* @param longitude 經度（必填）* @param latitude 緯度（必填）* @param result 高德API原始結果（用于提取地址信息）*/private void saveLocationRecord(String ip,Double longitude,Double latitude,JSONObject result) {if (result == null) return;// 1. 構建定位記錄實體LocationRecord record = new LocationRecord();record.setIp(ip); // IP可能為nullrecord.setLongitude(longitude);record.setLatitude(latitude);// 2. 提取格式化地址（如"北京市海淀區中關村大街1號"）String formattedAddress = result.getString("formatted_address");record.setAddress(formattedAddress);record.setFormattedAddress(formattedAddress);// 3. 提取結構化地址組件（省、市、區等）JSONObject addressComponent = result.getJSONObject("addressComponent");if (addressComponent != null) {record.setProvince(addressComponent.getString("province"));record.setCity(addressComponent.getString("city"));// 可擴展：district（區）、street（街道）等字段}// 4. 設置時間戳并保存record.setCreateTime(new Date());amapService.saveLocationRecord(record); // 調用MyBatis-Plus持久化}
}

下面就是啟動類：（首先不要忘記啟動類的掃描注解，還有就是本次用到的注解

@EnableConfigurationProperties({AmapConfig.class})// 啟用AmapConfig配置類）

package com.qfedu;import com.qfedu.config.AmapConfig;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.qfedu.mapper")
@EnableConfigurationProperties({AmapConfig.class})// 啟用AmapConfig配置類public class MicroServeAmapApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(MicroServeAmapApplication.class, args);}}

寫一個簡單的頁面展示吧，位置你們知道吧，我就不說詳細了

展示臺灣省地圖吧（中國一點都不能少）

下面就是展示的代碼，我只不過吧經緯度寫成死值了，

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>高德地圖展示測試：臺灣省臺北市地圖 - 臺北101</title><!-- 引入高德地圖JS API --><script src="https://webapi.amap.com/maps?v=2.0&key=你的高德地圖key"></script><style>#container {width: 100%;height: 600px;}</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 地圖容器 -->
<div id="container"></div><script>// 初始化地圖，中心點設為臺北市var map = new AMap.Map('container', {zoom: 14,          // 縮放級別center: [121.5654, 25.0330], // 臺北市坐標viewMode: '2D'     // 2D地圖});// 添加標記點（臺北101大樓）var marker = new AMap.Marker({position: [121.5654, 25.0330], // 臺北101坐標map: map});// 信息窗口內容var infoWindow = new AMap.InfoWindow({content: '<div style="padding:5px;">臺北101大樓</div>',offset: new AMap.Pixel(0, -30)});infoWindow.open(map, marker.getPosition());
</script>
</body>
</html>