安裝依賴包

yum -y install libaio perl perl-devel libncurses* autoconf numactl

新建用戶

useradd mysql

解壓

tar xf mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
mv mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data3306

配置文件

touch /usr/local/mysql/data3306/error.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data3306/cat > /usr/local/mysql/data3306/my.cnf <<"EOF"
[mysqld]
# ===== 基礎配置 =====
basedir         = /usr/local/mysql       # MySQL安裝目錄
datadir         = /usr/local/mysql/data3306  # 數據目錄
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysql.sock
pid-file        = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysqld.pid
user            = mysql
port            = 3306
bind-address    = 0.0.0.0              # 遠程訪問需改為 0.0.0.0（注意安全）
skip-name-resolve                        # 禁用DNS解析，提升連接速度# ===== 字符集配置 =====
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server     = utf8mb4_unicode_ci# ===== 日志配置 =====
log_error      = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/error.log        # 確保logs目錄存在
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/slow.log    # 慢查詢日志
long_query_time = 2
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1# ===== InnoDB 引擎優化 =====
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G             # 根據物理內存調整（建議70-80%）
innodb_log_file_size    = 512M           # 需重啟生效
innodb_log_buffer_size  = 64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1       # 1=嚴格ACID，2=性能優先
innodb_file_per_table = 1                # 獨立表空間# ===== 連接與線程 =====
max_connections        = 500             # 最大連接數
thread_cache_size      = 128
wait_timeout           = 300             # 非交互連接超時（秒）
interactive_timeout    = 300# ===== 安全與權限 =====
symbolic-links = 0                       # 禁用符號鏈接（安全加固）
local_infile   = 0                       # 禁用本地文件加載# ===== 二進制日志（主從復制時啟用）=====
server-id       = 3306                    # 主從唯一ID
log_bin        = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days = 30                  # 自動清理binlog
binlog_format  = row# ===== 其他優化 =====
key_buffer_size         = 64M
tmp_table_size          = 64M
max_heap_table_size     = 64M
query_cache_type        = 0              # 關閉查詢緩存
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/error.log  # 與[mysqld]中一致
socket    = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysql.sock[client]
socket    = /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysql.sock      # 客戶端連接socket路徑
default-character-set = utf8mb4[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
EOF

啟動服務

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/data3306/my.cnf &

登錄MySQL

mysql -u root -P 3306  -S /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysql.sock

修改密碼

alter user root@localhost identified by 'root';
create user root@'%' identified by 'root';
grant all on *.* to root@'localhost';
flush privileges;

停止數據庫

 mysqladmin -u root shutdown -p -S /usr/local/mysql/data3306/mysql.sock