rtt設備驅動框架學習——內核對象基類object

內核對象基類object

這個基類是內核所有對象的基類

在rt-thread/include/rtdef.h文件里有對內核對象基類object的定義

/*** Base structure of Kernel object*/
struct rt_object
{char       name[RT_NAME_MAX];                       /**< name of kernel object */rt_uint8_t type;                                    /**< type of kernel object */rt_uint8_t flag;                                    /**< flag of kernel object */#ifdef RT_USING_MODULEvoid      *module_id;                               /**< id of application module */
#endifrt_list_t  list;                                    /**< list node of kernel object */
};
typedef struct rt_object *rt_object_t;                  /**< Type for kernel objects. */

object屬性有 內核對象名字 ， 內核對象類型 ， 內核對象標志，還有一個鏈表節點。

內核對象信息結構體

/*** The information of the kernel object*/
struct rt_object_information
{enum rt_object_class_type type;                     /**< object class type */rt_list_t                 object_list;              /**< object list */rt_size_t                 object_size;              /**< object size */
};

其中rt_object_class_type是一個枚舉類型，定義如下

/***  The object type can be one of the follows with specific*  macros enabled:*  - Thread*  - Semaphore*  - Mutex*  - Event*  - MailBox*  - MessageQueue*  - MemHeap*  - MemPool*  - Device*  - Timer*  - Module*  - Unknown*  - Static*/
enum rt_object_class_type
{RT_Object_Class_Null          = 0x00,      /**< The object is not used. */RT_Object_Class_Thread        = 0x01,      /**< The object is a thread. */RT_Object_Class_Semaphore     = 0x02,      /**< The object is a semaphore. */RT_Object_Class_Mutex         = 0x03,      /**< The object is a mutex. */RT_Object_Class_Event         = 0x04,      /**< The object is a event. */RT_Object_Class_MailBox       = 0x05,      /**< The object is a mail box. */RT_Object_Class_MessageQueue  = 0x06,      /**< The object is a message queue. */RT_Object_Class_MemHeap       = 0x07,      /**< The object is a memory heap. */RT_Object_Class_MemPool       = 0x08,      /**< The object is a memory pool. */RT_Object_Class_Device        = 0x09,      /**< The object is a device. */RT_Object_Class_Timer         = 0x0a,      /**< The object is a timer. */RT_Object_Class_Module        = 0x0b,      /**< The object is a module. */RT_Object_Class_Memory        = 0x0c,      /**< The object is a memory. */RT_Object_Class_Unknown       = 0x0e,      /**< The object is unknown. */RT_Object_Class_Static        = 0x80       /**< The object is a static object. */
};

有我們常見的線程，信號量等等，最后一個靜態類型 就是 第一位 置1。
這里我們只關注 設備類 ，也就是 RT_Object_Class_Device

它們之間具體是個什么關系呢
具體我們來看rt-thread/src/object.c文件

對象容器

對象容器就是一個rt_object_information類型的數組，數組名_object_container，數組長度為RT_Object_Info_Unknown，這個數組中的每個值都是rt_object_information類型。

static struct rt_object_information _object_container[RT_Object_Info_Unknown] =
{/* initialize object container - thread */{RT_Object_Class_Thread, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Thread), sizeof(struct rt_thread)},
#ifdef RT_USING_SEMAPHORE/* initialize object container - semaphore */{RT_Object_Class_Semaphore, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Semaphore), sizeof(struct rt_semaphore)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MUTEX/* initialize object container - mutex */{RT_Object_Class_Mutex, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Mutex), sizeof(struct rt_mutex)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_EVENT/* initialize object container - event */{RT_Object_Class_Event, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Event), sizeof(struct rt_event)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MAILBOX/* initialize object container - mailbox */{RT_Object_Class_MailBox, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MailBox), sizeof(struct rt_mailbox)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MESSAGEQUEUE/* initialize object container - message queue */{RT_Object_Class_MessageQueue, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MessageQueue), sizeof(struct rt_messagequeue)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMHEAP/* initialize object container - memory heap */{RT_Object_Class_MemHeap, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MemHeap), sizeof(struct rt_memheap)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMPOOL/* initialize object container - memory pool */{RT_Object_Class_MemPool, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MemPool), sizeof(struct rt_mempool)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_DEVICE/* initialize object container - device */{RT_Object_Class_Device, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Device), sizeof(struct rt_device)},
#endif/* initialize object container - timer */{RT_Object_Class_Timer, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Timer), sizeof(struct rt_timer)},
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE/* initialize object container - module */{RT_Object_Class_Module, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Module), sizeof(struct rt_dlmodule)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_HEAP/* initialize object container - small memory */{RT_Object_Class_Memory, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Memory), sizeof(struct rt_memory)},
#endif
};

這個容器（數組）到底有多大呢，也就是RT_Object_Info_Unknown為幾呢？

還是在object.c文件中有一個枚舉類型定義rt_object_info_type我們來看一下它。

/** define object_info for the number of _object_container items.*/
enum rt_object_info_type
{RT_Object_Info_Thread = 0,                         /**< The object is a thread. */
#ifdef RT_USING_SEMAPHORERT_Object_Info_Semaphore,                          /**< The object is a semaphore. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MUTEXRT_Object_Info_Mutex,                              /**< The object is a mutex. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_EVENTRT_Object_Info_Event,                              /**< The object is a event. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MAILBOXRT_Object_Info_MailBox,                            /**< The object is a mail box. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MESSAGEQUEUERT_Object_Info_MessageQueue,                       /**< The object is a message queue. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMHEAPRT_Object_Info_MemHeap,                            /**< The object is a memory heap */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMPOOLRT_Object_Info_MemPool,                            /**< The object is a memory pool. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_DEVICERT_Object_Info_Device,                             /**< The object is a device */
#endifRT_Object_Info_Timer,                              /**< The object is a timer. */
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULERT_Object_Info_Module,                             /**< The object is a module. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_HEAPRT_Object_Info_Memory,                            /**< The object is a memory. */
#endifRT_Object_Info_Unknown,                            /**< The object is unknown. */
};

可以看到是由宏定義決定的，宏定義在rtconfig.h文件中。
在這個枚舉類型中RT_Object_Info_Thread，RT_Object_Info_Timer，RT_Object_Info_Unknown, 是必然有的。而且RT_Object_Info_Unknown放在最后一個位置。
那么我們現在定義了RT_USING_DEVICE，開啟設備類。那么這個枚舉類型中一共有四個元素，所以RT_Object_Info_Unknown = 3。
然后 對象容器的長度 就也為3 。里面分別有線程，定時器，還有設備的對象信息rt_object_information。
這個容器直接進行了初試化，每個元素的第二個成員也就是鏈表通過宏，指向本身進行初始化，也就是這個鏈表頭（哨衛）前后都指向本身。這個鏈表用來鏈接同類的對象，后面會學習到。

#define _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(c)     \{&(_object_container[c].object_list), &(_object_container[c].object_list)}

內核對象函數

rt_object_get_information

/*** @brief This function will return the specified type of object information.** @param type is the type of object, which can be*             RT_Object_Class_Thread/Semaphore/Mutex... etc** @return the object type information or RT_NULL*/
struct rt_object_information *
rt_object_get_information(enum rt_object_class_type type)
{int index;for (index = 0; index < RT_Object_Info_Unknown; index ++)if (_object_container[index].type == type) return &_object_container[index];return RT_NULL;
}

這個函數用于獲取對象的類型信息，輸入值是rt_object_class_type ，返回值是rt_object_information 指針。它們倆的關系是rt_object_class_type 是rt_object_information 的第一個成員。也就是說通過類型來獲取這個類型的對象的具體信息（后面為了要鏈表）。
它是咋實現的呢。
通過遍歷對象容器_object_container來實現。

rt_object_get_length

/*** @brief This function will return the length of object list in object container.** @param type is the type of object, which can be*             RT_Object_Class_Thread/Semaphore/Mutex... etc** @return the length of object list*/
int rt_object_get_length(enum rt_object_class_type type)
{int count = 0;rt_ubase_t level;struct rt_list_node *node = RT_NULL;struct rt_object_information *information = RT_NULL;information = rt_object_get_information((enum rt_object_class_type)type);if (information == RT_NULL) return 0;level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();/* get the count of objects */rt_list_for_each(node, &(information->object_list)){count ++;}rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);return count;
}

這個函數用于獲取對象鏈表的長度，輸入值是rt_object_class_type ，也就是哪一類對象，然后獲取這類對象上的鏈表鏈接的長度。
rt_list_for_each是一個宏，用來遍歷鏈表。

/*** rt_list_for_each - iterate over a list* @pos:    the rt_list_t * to use as a loop cursor.* @head:   the head for your list.*/
#define rt_list_for_each(pos, head) \for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next)

具體實現：先獲取類型的對象信息，對象信息里有一個鏈表節點，這個節點是鏈表頭（哨衛），從次開始遍歷鏈表，從而獲取鏈表長度，注意這個長度是不包含哨衛的。

rt_object_get_pointers

/*** @brief This function will copy the object pointer of the specified type,*        with the maximum size specified by maxlen.** @param type is the type of object, which can be*             RT_Object_Class_Thread/Semaphore/Mutex... etc** @param pointers is the pointer will be saved to.** @param maxlen is the maximum number of pointers can be saved.** @return the copied number of object pointers.*/
int rt_object_get_pointers(enum rt_object_class_type type, rt_object_t *pointers, int maxlen)
{int index = 0;rt_ubase_t level;struct rt_object *object;struct rt_list_node *node = RT_NULL;struct rt_object_information *information = RT_NULL;if (maxlen <= 0) return 0;information = rt_object_get_information((enum rt_object_class_type)type);if (information == RT_NULL) return 0;level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();/* retrieve pointer of object */rt_list_for_each(node, &(information->object_list)){object = rt_list_entry(node, struct rt_object, list);pointers[index] = object;index ++;if (index >= maxlen) break;}rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);return index;
}

rt_object_init

/*** @brief This function will initialize an object and add it to object system*        management.** @param object is the specified object to be initialized.** @param type is the object type.** @param name is the object name. In system, the object's name must be unique.*/
void rt_object_init(struct rt_object         *object,enum rt_object_class_type type,const char               *name)
{register rt_base_t temp;struct rt_list_node *node = RT_NULL;struct rt_object_information *information;
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULEstruct rt_dlmodule *module = dlmodule_self();
#endif /* RT_USING_MODULE *//* get object information */information = rt_object_get_information(type);RT_ASSERT(information != RT_NULL);/* check object type to avoid re-initialization *//* enter critical */rt_enter_critical();/* try to find object */for (node  = information->object_list.next;node != &(information->object_list);node  = node->next){struct rt_object *obj;obj = rt_list_entry(node, struct rt_object, list);if (obj) /* skip warning when disable debug */{RT_ASSERT(obj != object);}}/* leave critical */rt_exit_critical();/* initialize object's parameters *//* set object type to static */object->type = type | RT_Object_Class_Static;/* copy name */rt_strncpy(object->name, name, RT_NAME_MAX);RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_attach_hook, (object));/* lock interrupt */temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();#ifdef RT_USING_MODULEif (module){rt_list_insert_after(&(module->object_list), &(object->list));object->module_id = (void *)module;}else
#endif /* RT_USING_MODULE */{/* insert object into information object list */rt_list_insert_after(&(information->object_list), &(object->list));}/* unlock interrupt */rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);
}

rt_object_detach

/*** @brief This function will detach a static object from object system,*        and the memory of static object is not freed.** @param object the specified object to be detached.*/
void rt_object_detach(rt_object_t object)
{register rt_base_t temp;/* object check */RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_detach_hook, (object));/* reset object type */object->type = 0;/* lock interrupt */temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();/* remove from old list */rt_list_remove(&(object->list));/* unlock interrupt */rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);
}

如果使用HEAP，#ifdef RT_USING_HEAP ，則有下面的函數rt_object_allocate和rt_object_delete

rt_object_allocate

/*** @brief This function will allocate an object from object system.** @param type is the type of object.** @param name is the object name. In system, the object's name must be unique.** @return object*/
rt_object_t rt_object_allocate(enum rt_object_class_type type, const char *name)
{struct rt_object *object;register rt_base_t temp;struct rt_object_information *information;
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULEstruct rt_dlmodule *module = dlmodule_self();
#endif /* RT_USING_MODULE */RT_DEBUG_NOT_IN_INTERRUPT;/* get object information */information = rt_object_get_information(type);RT_ASSERT(information != RT_NULL);object = (struct rt_object *)RT_KERNEL_MALLOC(information->object_size);if (object == RT_NULL){/* no memory can be allocated */return RT_NULL;}/* clean memory data of object */rt_memset(object, 0x0, information->object_size);/* initialize object's parameters *//* set object type */object->type = type;/* set object flag */object->flag = 0;/* copy name */rt_strncpy(object->name, name, RT_NAME_MAX);RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_attach_hook, (object));/* lock interrupt */temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();#ifdef RT_USING_MODULEif (module){rt_list_insert_after(&(module->object_list), &(object->list));object->module_id = (void *)module;}else
#endif /* RT_USING_MODULE */{/* insert object into information object list */rt_list_insert_after(&(information->object_list), &(object->list));}/* unlock interrupt */rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);/* return object */return object;
}

rt_object_delete

/*** @brief This function will delete an object and release object memory.** @param object is the specified object to be deleted.*/
void rt_object_delete(rt_object_t object)
{register rt_base_t temp;/* object check */RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);RT_ASSERT(!(object->type & RT_Object_Class_Static));RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_detach_hook, (object));/* reset object type */object->type = RT_Object_Class_Null;/* lock interrupt */temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();/* remove from old list */rt_list_remove(&(object->list));/* unlock interrupt */rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);/* free the memory of object */RT_KERNEL_FREE(object);
}

rt_object_is_systemobject

/*** @brief This function will judge the object is system object or not.** @note  Normally, the system object is a static object and the type*        of object set to RT_Object_Class_Static.** @param object is the specified object to be judged.** @return RT_TRUE if a system object, RT_FALSE for others.*/
rt_bool_t rt_object_is_systemobject(rt_object_t object)
{/* object check */RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);if (object->type & RT_Object_Class_Static)return RT_TRUE;return RT_FALSE;
}

rt_object_get_type

/*** @brief This function will return the type of object without*        RT_Object_Class_Static flag.** @param object is the specified object to be get type.** @return the type of object.*/
rt_uint8_t rt_object_get_type(rt_object_t object)
{/* object check */RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);return object->type & ~RT_Object_Class_Static;
}

rt_object_find

/*** @brief This function will find specified name object from object*        container.** @param name is the specified name of object.** @param type is the type of object** @return the found object or RT_NULL if there is no this object* in object container.** @note this function shall not be invoked in interrupt status.*/
rt_object_t rt_object_find(const char *name, rt_uint8_t type)
{struct rt_object *object = RT_NULL;struct rt_list_node *node = RT_NULL;struct rt_object_information *information = RT_NULL;information = rt_object_get_information((enum rt_object_class_type)type);/* parameter check */if ((name == RT_NULL) || (information == RT_NULL)) return RT_NULL;/* which is invoke in interrupt status */RT_DEBUG_NOT_IN_INTERRUPT;/* enter critical */rt_enter_critical();/* try to find object */rt_list_for_each(node, &(information->object_list)){object = rt_list_entry(node, struct rt_object, list);if (rt_strncmp(object->name, name, RT_NAME_MAX) == 0){/* leave critical */rt_exit_critical();return object;}}/* leave critical */rt_exit_critical();return RT_NULL;
}

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