一鍵三聯，把mysql的安裝與配置也寫了，供各位參考。

--------------------------------------MySql的安裝與配置--------------------------------------

1 將下載的 壓縮包解壓到指定目錄

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

卸載可能的相關組件，搜一下mariadb相關軟件，通通卸載（個人覺得不好使）。

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

安裝需要的庫

yum install libaio-devel -y

進入：cd /usr/local

建立文件夾 mysql

進行軟連接

ln -s /home/tools/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

添加mysql組：

sudo groupadd mysql

# 創建不可登錄的mysql用戶設置權限

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql ?

設置文件夾權限：

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql*

chown -R mysql:mysql?/home/data

chmod -R 755 /home/data

初始化mysql的庫，放在/home/data下：

?/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/data

變為全局命令：

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >> ~/.bashrc ?# 持久化配置

source ~/.bashrc ?# 立即生效

-------------------------------------------my.cnf 的設置--------------------------------------------------------------

創建my.cnf 放到/etc下

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

port=3306

basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

datadir=/home/data/

character-set-server=utf8

default-storage-engine=MyIsam

max_connections=100

collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

innodb_buffer_pool_size=64M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

innodb_lock_wait_timeout=120

innodb_log_buffer_size=4M

innodb_log_file_size=256M

interactive_timeout=120

join_buffer_size=2M

key_buffer_size=32M

log_error_verbosity=1

max_allowed_packet=16M

max_heap_table_size=64M

myisam_max_sort_file_size=64G

myisam_sort_buffer_size=32M

read_buffer_size=512kb

read_rnd_buffer_size=4M

server_id=1

skip-external-locking=on

sort_buffer_size=256kb

table_open_cache=256

thread_cache_size=16

tmp_table_size=64M

wait_timeout=120

#默認的位置是/tmp/mysql.sock，其實更需要用默認的，因為一個數據庫往往會有兩三個以上的程序調用，特別是那種帶后臺的，往往和主服務器程序不是一個進程，甚至不是一個開發語言，為了減少不必要的特別設置的麻煩，就用默認路徑；這個看各位服務器人員的偏好了。

#強調一點：必須保持和下面client的設置一致。而且如果做開機自動啟動的話，也要保持一致！必須，必須，必須！

socket=/home/data/mysql.sock?

bind-address=0.0.0.0

#打開這個就是跳過密碼，一般不這么用

#skip-grant-tables??

[client]

port=3306

default-character-set=utf8

socket=/home/data/mysql.sock

------------------------------------Mysqld.service 的配置--------------------------------------------------------

Mysqld.service 的配置：

放在/etc/systemd/system下

[Unit]

Description=MySQL Server

After=network.target

[Service]

User=mysql

Group=mysql

ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld ?--basedir=/usr/local/mysql ?--datadir=/home/data --pid-file=/home/data/mysql.pid ?--socket=/home/data/mysql.sock??--port=3306

Restart=on-failure

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

重載配置：

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

設置開機啟動

systemctl enable mysqld.service

啟動服務

systemctl restart mysqld

查看狀態：

?systemctl status mysqld

確保mysql運行正常：

--------------------------------進入Mysql進行初始設置------------------------------------------------------

mysql -u root -p

?輸入臨時密碼：

進入Mysql：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密碼';??

FLUSH PRIVILEGES; ?-- 刷新權限查看數據庫是否其他地址可訪問：

使用新密碼 重新登錄mysql

[root@localhost local]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.

?Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.7.26

MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SELECT Host, User FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root';

+-----------+------+

| Host | User |

+-----------+------+

| localhost | root |

+-----------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

添加所有用戶可外部訪問，需要防火墻配合設置；允許某個地址ID進行訪問

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

?mysql> SELECT Host, User FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root';

?+-----------+------+

| Host | User |

+-----------+------+

| % | root |

| localhost | root |

+-----------+------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

?mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;?刷新生效

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

添加本地IP可以訪問數據庫

?mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>?SELECT Host, User FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root';

?+-----------+------+

| Host | User |

+-----------+------+

| % | root |

| 127.0.0.1 | root |

| localhost | root |

+-----------+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>

查看所有庫

SHOW ?DATABASES;

為正確的樣子

------------------------------------------------------其他-----------------------------------------------------------

手動配置開機啟動mysql

使用/etc/rc.local文件（所有Linux版本）

編輯/etc/rc.local文件:

vim /etc/rc.local

在文件末尾添加啟動MySQL的命令:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

確保/etc/rc.local文件有執行權限:

chmod 755?/etc/rc.local

加入開機啟動

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH'> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

-------------------------------------------打開外部防火墻訪問權限---------------------------------------------------

netstat -antp | grep 3306

firewall-cmd --list-ports | grep 3306

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

firewall-cmd --reload

防火墻的處理：

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

DEVICE=ens33（接口名稱需與實際一致）

ONBOOT=yes（確保開機自動啟動）

BOOTPROTO=dhcp（動態IP）或?BOOTPROTO=static（靜態IP）

ip link show ens33

ip link set ens33 up

# 關閉防火墻 systemctl stop firewalld

?# 臨時禁用 SELinux setenforce 0

# 使用 nmcli 啟用接口 nmcli connection up ens33

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ rm -f ifcfg-eth* ifcfg-ens*.bak # 保留 ifcfg-ens33

systemctl restart network

systemctl stop NetworkManager

systemctl disable NetworkManager