如何設置單詞第一個字母大寫

Problem statement:

問題陳述：

Given an input line, capitalize first and last letter of each word in the given line. It's provided that the input line is in lowercase.

給定輸入行， 將給定行中每個單詞的第一個和最后一個字母大寫 。 假設輸入行是小寫的。

Solution:

解：

The basic algorithm is to keep track of the spaces and to capitalize the letter before space & after space. Also, the first letter and the last letter of the line should be capitalized.

基本算法是跟蹤空格并在空格之前和之后大寫字母。 另外，該行的第一個字母和最后一個字母應大寫。

Few more things that need to be kept in mind such that:

需要記住的其他幾件事：

1. More than one occurrence of space in between two words.

   兩個單詞之間出現多個空格。

2. There may be word of single letter like 'a', which need to be capitalized.

   可能有單個字母的單詞，例如'a' ，需要大寫。

3. There may be word of two letters like 'me', where both the letters need to be capitalized.

   可能有兩個字母的單詞，例如“ me” ，其中兩個字母都必須大寫。

Algorithm:

算法：

1. Create a hash table.

   創建一個哈希表。

2. Insert index of first letter, i.e., 0 & the index of last letter, i.e., length-1. length be the length of input line.

   插入第一個字母的索引，即0和最后一個字母的索引，即length-1 。 length是輸入線的長度。

3.     For i=0:length-1
   Find index of spaces in the line
   If index before spaces are not in hash table
   Insert into hash table
   If index after spaces are not in hash table
   Insert into hash table
   
   

4. Capitalize the indexes present in the hash table

   大寫哈希表中存在的索引

   line [index]-=32;

   行[index]-= 32;

5. //ASCII value of lower case letter - ASCII value of corresponding upper case letter=32

   //小寫字母的ASCII值 -相應大寫字母的ASCII值 = 32

6. Print the converted input line

   打印轉換后的輸入行

Inclusion of hash table in the program helps us to avoid inserting duplicate indexes. Otherwise, corner test-cases may fail.

在程序中包含哈希表有助于我們避免插入重復的索引。 否則，角落測試用例可能會失敗。

C ++程序將一行中每個單詞的首字母和最后一個字母大寫 (C++ program to capitalize first and last letter of each word in a line)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void capitalize(char* arr,int i){
//ascii value of each lower case letter-ascii value 
//of each uppercase letter=32
//i is the length of line
unordered_set<int> table;
table.insert(0); //index of first letter of line
table.insert(i-1);//index of last letter of line
for(int j=1;j<i;j++){
if(arr[j]==' '){
// last letter of word is before 
//space & first letter of word is after space
//check index already present in hash table or not
if(table.find(j-1)==table.end())
table.insert(j-1); //if not insert index
//check index already present in hash table or not
if(table.find(j+1)==table.end())			
table.insert(j+1); //if not insert index
}
}
//capitalize
for(auto it=table.begin();it!=table.end();it++)
arr[*it]-=32;
printf("converted input line is: ");
//printing 
for(int j=0;j<i;j++)
printf("%c",arr[j]);
printf("\n");
}
int main(){
//store the input line
char arr[100];
char c;
int i=0;
printf("input the line.....\n");
scanf("%c",&c);
while(c!='\n'){
arr[i++]=c;
scanf("%c",&c);
}
capitalize(arr,i);
return 0;
}

Output

輸出量

First run:
input the line.....
hello world
converted input line is: HellO WorlD
Second run:
input the line.....
includehelp is a great paltform for geeks
converted input line is: IncludehelP IS A GreaT PaltforM FoR GeekS 

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/icp/capitalize-first-and-last-letter-of-each-word-in-a-line.aspx

如何設置單詞第一個字母大寫