一. Python 獲取當前文件路徑方法

2. sys.path[0]

獲取文件當前工作目錄路徑(絕對路徑)

sys.argv[0]|獲得模塊所在的路徑(由系統決定是否是全名)

若顯示調用python指令，如python demo.py，會得到絕對路徑;

若直接執行腳本，如./demo.py，會得到相對路徑。

3. __ file __

獲得文件所在的路徑(由系統決定是否是全名)

若顯示執行Python，會得到絕對路徑;

若按相對路徑來直接執行腳本./pyws/path_demo.py，會得到相對路徑。

4. os.path.abspath(__ file __)

獲得文件所在的路徑(絕對路徑)

6. os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__ file __))

將文件路徑名稱分成頭和尾一對，生成二元元組。(文件目錄，文件名)

https://docs.python.org/2/library/os.path.html#os.path.split

二. 舉個栗子

1. Source code

import os

import sys

print("sys.path[0] = ", sys.path[0])

print("sys.argv[0] = ", sys.argv[0])

print("__file__ = ", __file__)

print("os.path.abspath(__file__) = ", os.path.abspath(__file__))

print("os.path.realpath(__file__) = ", os.path.realpath(__file__))

print("os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) = ",

os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))

print("os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__)) = ",

os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__)))

print("os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] = ",

os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0])

print("os.getcwd() = ", os.getcwd())

2. Result

(1) Pycharm project中顯示調用python指令，獲取文件絕對路徑

C:\Python364\python.exe C:/PyCharm/PycharmProject/get_path/path_demo.py

sys.path[0] = C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path

sys.argv[0] = C:/PyCharm/PycharmProject/get_path/path_demo.py

__file__ = C:/PyCharm/PycharmProject/get_path/path_demo.py

os.path.abspath(__file__) = C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path\path_demo.py

os.path.realpath(__file__) = C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path\path_demo.py

os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) = C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path

os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__)) = ('C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path', 'path_demo.py')

os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] = C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path

os.getcwd() = C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path

Process finished with exit code 0

(2)Terminal中直接執行Python腳本，獲取文件相對路徑

C:\PyCharm\PycharmProject\get_path>python path_demo.py

('sys.path[0] = ', 'C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path')

('sys.argv[0] = ', 'path_demo.py')

('__file__ = ', 'path_demo.py')

('os.path.abspath(__file__) = ', 'C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path\\path_demo.py')

('os.path.realpath(__file__) = ', 'C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path\\path_demo.py')

('os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) = ', 'C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path')

('os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__)) = ', ('C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path', 'path_demo.py'))

('os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] = ', 'C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path')

('os.getcwd() = ', 'C:\\PyCharm\\PycharmProject\\get_path')

三. 參考