#先引入后面可能用到的包（package）
import pandas as pd  
from datetime import datetime
import backtrader as bt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib auto #正常顯示畫圖時出現的中文和負號
from pylab import mpl
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=Falseimport tushare as ts
token='你的token'
pro=ts.pro_api(token)def get_data(code,date='20200101'):data1=ts.pro_bar(ts_code=code, adj='qfq', start_date=date)data1=data1[['trade_date','open','high','low','close','vol']]data2=pro.daily_basic(ts_code=code,fields='trade_date,turnover_rate,pe,pb')data=pd.merge(data1,data2,on='trade_date')data.index=pd.to_datetime(data.trade_date)data=data.sort_index()data['volume']=data.voldata['openinterest']=0data['datetime']=pd.to_datetime(data.trade_date)data=data[['datetime','open','high','low','close',\'volume','openinterest','turnover_rate','pe','pb']]data=data.fillna(0)return data#數據保存到本地
get_data('300002.SZ').to_csv('test.csv',index=False)
get_data('300002.SZ').head()#pandas的數據格式
import backtrader as bt
from backtrader.feeds import PandasData
class Addmoredata(PandasData):lines = ('turnover_rate','pe','pb',)params = (('turnover_rate',7),('pe',8),('pb',9),)#直接讀取本地csv格式數據
from backtrader.feeds import GenericCSVData
class AddCsvData(GenericCSVData):lines = ('turnover_rate','pe','pb',)params = (('turnover_rate',7),('pe',8),('pb',9),)添加其他數據——單只股票
class TestStrategy1(bt.Strategy):def log(self, txt, dt=None):dt = dt or self.datas[0].datetime.date(0)print('%s, %s' % (dt.isoformat(), txt))def next(self):self.log(f"換手率:{self.datas[0].turnover_rate[0]},市凈率:{self.datas[0].pb[0]},市盈率:{self.datas[0].pe[0]}")cerebro = bt.Cerebro()
cerebro.addstrategy(TestStrategy1)
feed = Addmoredata(dataname = get_data('300002.SZ','20200420'))
#如果是讀取csv數據使用下式
#feed = AddCsvData(dataname = 'test.csv',dtformat=('%Y-%m-%d'))
cerebro.adddata(feed)
cerebro.run()添加其他數據——多只股票
class TestStrategy2(bt.Strategy):def log(self, txt, dt=None):dt = dt or self.datas[0].datetime.date(0)print('%s, %s' % (dt.isoformat(), txt))def next(self):for data in self.datas:print(data._name)self.log(f"換手率:{data.turnover_rate[0]},市凈率:{data.pb[0]},市盈率:{data.pe[0]}")cerebro = bt.Cerebro()
cerebro.addstrategy(TestStrategy2)
codes=['600862.SH','300326.SZ','300394.SZ']
#加載最近兩日交易數據
for code in codes:feed = Addmoredata(dataname = get_data(code,'20200506'),name=code)cerebro.adddata(feed)
cerebro.run()

?

以換手率和市盈率構建交易策略示例
class MyStrategy(bt.Strategy):def next(self):if not self.position: # 沒有持倉if self.datas[0].turnover_rate[0]<3 and 0<self.datas[0].pe[0]<50:# 得到當前的賬戶價值total_value = self.broker.getvalue()#1手=100股，滿倉買入ss=int((total_value/100)/self.datas[0].close[0])*100self.order=self.buy(size=ss)else:if self.datas[0].turnover_rate[0]>10 or self.datas[0].pe[0]>80 :self.close(self.datas[0])cerebro = bt.Cerebro()  
cerebro.addstrategy(MyStrategy)
feed = Addmoredata(dataname = get_data('300002.SZ','20050101'))
cerebro.adddata(feed)
startcash = 100000
cerebro.broker.setcash(startcash) 
cerebro.broker.setcommission(commission=0.001) 
cerebro.run()
portvalue = cerebro.broker.getvalue()
pnl = portvalue - startcash
#打印結果
print(f'期初總資金: {round(startcash,2)}')
print(f'期末總資金: {round(portvalue,2)}')
print(f'凈收益: {round(pnl,2)}')cerebro.plot()

目前存在的幾大問題，一個是構建股票的分時圖時，因為mpl_finance更新升級為mplfinance，以及使用backtrader畫圖時，出現無法畫圖的情況，本人在此一次性告知大家，自己以后搭建環境準備，也幫助大家解答困惑。

back trader無法畫圖的問題：

pip uninstall matplotlib
pip install matplotlib==3.2.2

畫分時圖問題：

import?mpl_finance?as?mpf

mpf.candlestick_ohlc(ax,df_idx,width=0.75,?colorup='r',?colordown='g',?alpha=0.75)

ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(ticker.MaxNLocator(20))

對應的mplfinance版本

mpl-finance ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 0.10.1? （留著當作紀念）
mplfinance ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?0.12.7a17