電郵地址

Let’s talk about some email features that are surprisingly under-used, and that can really benefit you — if you know how to use them. This article is suitable for both users and developers who want to become email Jedi.

讓我們討論一些電子郵件功能，這些功能出奇的使用不足，如果您知道如何使用它們，那么它們確實可以使您受益。 本文既適合希望成為電子郵件Jedi的用戶，也適合開發人員。

技巧1：單個帳戶中有多個電子郵件地址 (Hack 1: Multiple email addresses within a single account)

Have you ever wanted to register multiple times on a website, but still keep the same inbox for all the accounts? This simple trick works with about 95% of websites and services across the world. Even on Twitter and Instagram.

您是否曾經想過在一個網站上多次注冊，但是仍然為所有帳戶保留相同的收件箱？ 這個簡單的技巧適用于全球約95％的網站和服務。 即使在Twitter和Instagram上。

Some email providers, like gmail.com or live.com, allow you to put an extra dot between the letters of the email address. This changes nothing but the look of the address.

某些電子郵件提供商(例如gmail.com或live.com)允許您在電子郵件地址的字母之間添加一個額外的點。 這只會改變地址的外觀。

For example, say you own letgrandmaseat@gmail.com. You also own let.grandma.seat@gmail.com, let.grandmas.eat@gmail.com, l.e.t.g.r.a.n.d.m.a.s.e.a.t@gmail.com, and so on. All the emails sent to these addresses will appear in the same inbox. You can send emails back using any of these addresses as well — it just needs a bit of configuration.

例如，假設您擁有letgrandmaseat@gmail.com。 您還擁有let.grandma.seat@gmail.com ， let.grandmas.eat@gmail.com ， letgrandmaseat@gmail.com等。 發送到這些地址的所有電子郵件將顯示在同一收件箱中。 您也可以使用這些地址中的任何一個發送回電子郵件-只需進行一些配置即可 。

This allows you to change the look of an email address, and use any of the iterations as a “new,” valid email. For example:

這使您可以更改電子郵件地址的外觀，并將任何迭代用作“新的”有效電子郵件。 例如：

• You can register on websites multiple times using the same email account
  您可以使用同一電子郵件帳戶在網站上多次注冊
• You can share different forms of your email address with different people. This way, when receiving emails from unknowns, you can find out how senders learned about your email address.
  您可以與其他人共享不同形式的電子郵件地址。 這樣，當您接收未知郵件時，您可以了解發件人如何了解您的電子郵件地址。

In addition, some email providers allow you to add a plus sign to your address followed by any arbitrary string:

此外，某些電子郵件提供商允許您在地址中添加加號，后跟任意字符串：

• let.grandmas.eat+your.soup@gmail.com

  let.grandmas.eat+your.soup@gmail.com

• let.grandma.seat+a.baby@gmail.com

  let.grandma.seat+a.baby@gmail.com

This increases the number of possible email address variations almost to infinity.

這將可能的電子郵件地址變化的數量增加到幾乎無限。

This can be extremely useful for grouping your incoming emails. You can set up a rule to group emails differently according to the address they come from. For example, you can register on some minor websites using the letgrandmaseat+trash@gmail.com address. Then, you can set up an inbox rule to move all those incoming emails to the “Low Priority” box.

這對于將收到的電子郵件進行分組非常有用。 您可以設置一個規則 ，根據電子郵件來自的地址對電子郵件進行不同的分組。 例如，您可以使用letgrandmaseat+trash@gmail.com地址在一些較小的網站上注冊。 然后，您可以設置一個收件箱規則，將所有這些收到的電子郵件移動到“低優先級”框中。

Many services offering a trial version of their products accept different forms of the same email account. This means that you can register again and again, when each trial ends, to get a new trial — all with the same email account. Developers can’t do much to restrict this. Continue reading to figure out why.

提供其產品試用版的許多服務都接受同一電子郵件帳戶的不同形式。 這意味著您可以在每次試用結束后一次又一次注冊，以使用相同的電子郵件帳戶獲得新的試用。 開發人員不能做太多限制。 繼續閱讀以找出原因。

技巧2：許多域可以引用同一帳戶 (Hack 2: Many domains can refer to the same account)

If you own any @gmail.com address, you can also use any @googlemail.com address for sending or receiving emails. Most websites and web services treat these email addresses as different. This allows you to register multiple accounts using both forms of a single email address.

如果您擁有任何@ gmail.com地址，則也可以使用任何@ googlemail.com地址發送或接收電子郵件。 大多數網站和Web服務將這些電子郵件地址視為不同。 這使您可以使用兩種形式的單個電子郵件地址注冊多個帳戶。

技巧3：電子郵件地址可能區分大小寫 (Hack 3: Email addresses can be case-sensitive)

Many people know that it doesn’t typically matter whether you write to letgrandmaseat@gmail.com or LetGrandmasEat@gmail.com.

許多人都知道，無論您寫給letgrandmaseat@gmail.com還是LetGrandmasEat@gmail.com，通常都沒有關系。

But it turns out that the part before the @ can be case-sensitive. This is because it is entirely under the control of the host system. According to RFC 5321, section 2.3.11:

但是事實證明@之前的部分可以區分大小寫。 這是因為它完全在主機系統的控制之下。 根據RFC 5321第2.3.11節：

“The standard mailbox naming convention is defined to be “local-part@domain;” contemporary usage permits a much broader set of applications than simple “user names.” Consequently, and due to a long history of problems when intermediate hosts have attempted to optimize transport by modifying them, the local-part MUST be interpreted and assigned semantics only by the host specified in the domain part of the address.”

“標準郵箱命名約定定義為“ local-part @ domain”；” 與簡單的“用戶名”相比，現代用法允許更多的應用程序集。 因此，由于長期存在的問題歷史，當中間主機試圖通過修改它們來優化傳輸時，本地部分必須只能由地址的域部分中指定的主機來解釋和分配語義。

So, if you use a luxury domain instead of a well-known one (like gmail.com), it’s best to keep the address in its original case. But if you accidentally mistyped and the resulting address does not exist, you will likely receive an email telling you that your message was not delivered.

因此，如果您使用豪華域名而不是知名域名(例如gmail.com)，則最好將地址保留為原始大小寫。 但是，如果您不小心輸入了錯誤且結果地址不存在，則可能會收到一封電子郵件，告訴您您的消息未送達。

These naming conventions completely depend on the host systems. Technically, anyone who can create email servers can set up any naming rules they want. They can use different domains they own for the same mailbox, allow or deny any of the valid characters in the email addresses, and so on.

這些命名約定完全取決于主機系統。 從技術上講，任何可以創建電子郵件服務器的人都可以設置所需的任何命名規則。 他們可以對同一個郵箱使用不同的域，允許或拒絕電子郵件地址中的任何有效字符 ，等等。

hack 4：“一次性電子郵件”服務 (Hack 4: “Disposable email” services)

There are a couple of services which allow you to create a temporary, disposable email address for free. These exist to allow you to access information when you don’t want to register because of privacy concerns or other issues.

有一些服務可讓您免費創建一個臨時的， 可處理的電子郵件地址 。 這些功能可讓您在由于隱私或其他問題而不想注冊時訪問信息。

And these services are used by many people. Just check how often test@mailinator.com receives emails, and how much uninteresting junk there is.

這些服務被很多人使用。 只需檢查test@mailinator.com多久接收一次電子郵件 ，以及有多少無趣的垃圾。

To prevent the use of fake emails, some services use different email validation solutions. And yes, they help in some cases. It becomes more difficult to create a bunch of email addresses which will bypass validity checks. Lots of robots and spamming programs will die here, which is why these services exist.

為了防止使用偽造的電子郵件，某些服務使用了不同的電子郵件驗證解決方案 。 是的，它們在某些情況下會有所幫助。 創建一堆繞過有效性檢查的電子郵件地址變得更加困難。 許多機器人和垃圾郵件程序將在這里死亡，這就是為什么存在這些服務的原因。

Do email validation services sound like the solution to fraud or spam problems? In most cases — yes. But not for all possible problems, as you’ll read next.

電子郵件驗證服務聽起來像是針對欺詐或垃圾郵件問題的解決方案嗎？ 在大多數情況下-是的。 但是，并非所有可能的問題，您都將在下面閱讀。

技巧5：您可以免費創建幾乎任何電子郵件地址 (Hack 5: You Can Create Almost Any Email Address For Free)

When you own a domain, you can set up an email service for it. There are a couple services which let you do this for free. And there are a couple providers which provide free domain names for everyone.

擁有域后，您可以為其設置電子郵件服務。 有一些服務可讓您免費進行此操作。 并且有一些提供商為每個人提供免費域名。

If you can follow instructions to set up a domain and an email on it, you can create any.name@any.domain.XY email address for free. The detailed instructions to set up such an email are beyond of the scope of this article. But in short, the procedure looks like this:

如果您可以按照說明在其上設置域和電子郵件，則可以免費創建any.name@any.domain.XY電子郵件地址。 設置此類電子郵件的詳細說明超出了本文的范圍。 簡而言之，該過程如下所示：

1. Register a free or paid domain by filling out a typical registration form.

   通過填寫典型的注冊表格來注冊免費或付費域名。

2. Select one of the “email for domain” providers (for example, Zoho), and follow the instructions to create an email account for your domain.

   選擇“域電子郵件”提供商之一(例如Zoho )，然后按照說明為您的域創建一個電子郵件帳戶。

Yes, it’s that easy.

是的，就是這么簡單。

對電子郵件用戶的影響 (The implications for email users)

By adding special symbols like dots or plus signs to your email address (for some email providers) you can get the most of it. You can manage incoming group emails and register multiple times on some sites. And it lets you put different forms of your address on your business card so you know the source of incoming emails.

通過在您的電子郵件地址中添加特殊符號(例如點或加號)(對于某些電子郵件提供商)，您可以充分利用它。 您可以管理傳入的組電子郵件并在某些站點上多次注冊。 它使您可以在名片上放置不同形式的地址，從而了解傳入電子郵件的來源。

Disposable emails, as well as temporary phone number services, can protect your privacy when you need to register on an unwanted website for any reason.

當您出于任何原因需要在不需要的網站上注冊時， 一次性電子郵件以及臨時電話號碼服務可以保護您的隱私。

And finally, nowadays anyone can register a free domain name and set up an email on it. This gives you a unique, personalized, and valid email address.

最后，如今，任何人都可以注冊一個免費域名并在其上設置電子郵件。 這為您提供了一個唯一，個性化且有效的電子郵件地址。

對開發人員的影響 (The implications for developers)

In short, there is no way to be completely sure that we can trust a given email. But these are some practices that can reduce abnormal use of an email address:

簡而言之，無法完全確定我們可以信任給定的電子郵件。 但是，以下一些做法可以減少對電子郵件地址的異常使用：

1. Do you store emails as primary IDs in the database, but want to disallow users from registering on your service multiple times? If so, you can use a library like this to normalize email addresses before storing them as IDs. This library removes dots and plus-sign endings according to different well-known email providers, changes the address to lowercase, and fixes domain names to a single form (googlemail.com → gmail.com).

1.您是否將電子郵件作為主要ID存儲在數據庫中，但要禁止用戶多次注冊您的服務？ 如果是這樣，您可以使用類似的庫在將電子郵件地址存儲為ID之前對其進行規范化。 該庫根據不同的知名電子郵件提供商刪除點和加號的結尾，將地址更改為小寫，并將域名固定為一種形式(googlemail.com→gmail.com)。

2. If you use libraries that normalize email addresses, let users keep their email address in the form it was originally entered. For example, if a user registers on your service with username+bank@googlemail.com, make sure that all the emails are sent only to that address. Don’t send to the “normalized” username@gmail.com address.

2.如果您使用規范化電子郵件地址的庫，請讓用戶將電子郵件地址保留為最初輸入的形式。 例如，如果用戶使用username+bank@googlemail.com在您的服務上注冊，請確保所有電子郵件僅發送到該地址。 不要發送到“規范化”的username@gmail.com地址。

3. To detect disposable email addresses, you can use open-source libraries like this. You can also rely on the services which provide APIs to validate email addresses. There are more than 2,000 domains in the list!

3.要檢測一次性電子郵件地址，您可以使用像這樣的開源庫。 您還可以依賴提供API的服務來驗證電子郵件地址。 列表中有2,000多個域 ！

I hope you learned something new by reading this article. If you like it, let it spread over Medium by pressing on the “clap” button as many times as you will ? .

希望您通過閱讀這篇文章學到新東西。 如果您喜歡，可以通過按“拍手”按鈕多次將其散布在“中”上？ 。

Thank you for reading!

感謝您的閱讀！

翻譯自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/harness-the-full-power-of-email-with-these-simple-hacks-5dc240dba152/

電郵地址