qq群 voiceover

by Jayven N

由Jayven N

如何在iOS上使用VoiceOver為所有人構建應用程序 (How to build apps for everyone using VoiceOver on iOS)

輔助功能入門 (Getting started with accessibility)

There’s always those topics that people don’t talk about enough. Sometimes, those topics happen to be the most important ones. Accessibility is one of those topics.

總是有一些人們談論不多的話題。有時，這些主題恰好是最重要的主題。可訪問性是這些主題之一。

目標 (Goal)

This article talks about why accessibility is important and how you can step into the shoes of a VoiceOver user.

本文討論了為什么可訪問性很重要，以及如何進入VoiceOver用戶的行列。

介紹 (Introduction)

People have disabilities.

人有殘疾。

A lot of people have disabilities.

很多人有殘疾。

Disability is normal.

殘疾是正常的。

Disability doesn’t have to be something dramatic like breaking a bone. It can be a right shoulder pain that prevents me from doing Exercise A. Hence, I am disabled to do Exercise A. Exercise B, on the other hand, is as effective a shoulder exercise as Exercise A. And, it is for possible for people with and without right shoulder pain.

殘疾不必像骨折一樣引人注目。可能是右肩疼痛使我無法進行練習A。因此，我無法進行練習A。另一方面，練習B與練習A一樣有效。有無右肩痛的人。

One in six people in the United States has one or more disabilities.

在美國，六分之一的人患有一種或多種殘疾。

Yes, one in six. Look around the room. Count one to six. One of you statistically has a disability.

是的，六分之一。環顧房間。數一到六。你們中的一位統計上有殘疾。

Disabilities are real and relevant.

殘疾是真實的，相關的。

Everyone eventually and naturally deteriorates with time. Brain, muscles, eyes, and ears work differently with time. Everything changes with time. Humans are no different.

每個人最終都會自然而然地隨著時間而惡化。大腦，肌肉，眼睛和耳朵的工作時間會不同。一切都會隨著時間而改變。人類沒有什么不同。

Let’s talk about why accessibility is important and how to get started building apps with accessibility in mind.

讓我們談談為什么可訪問性很重要，以及如何著眼于可訪問性開始構建應用程序。

為什么要構建可訪問的應用程序？ (Why build an accessible app?)

好處1：感覺很棒 (Benefit 1: it feels great)

Feels great to do great things. You can leave the world a little better than you found it. There’s nothing like sleeping like a baby knowing you have given the world everything today for a more inclusive tomorrow. Making a positive impact according to your ideologies always feels great.

做偉大的事情感覺很棒。您可以離開世界比發現的世界好一點。沒有什么比像嬰兒一樣睡著了，知道您已將當今世界的一切奉獻給了一個更加包容的明天。根據您的意識形態產生積極的影響總是感覺很好。

利益2：受眾群體規模 (Benefit 2: audience size)

What if you could increase your revenue by 16.7% by simply supporting accessibility users? That sounds like a very fair deal.

如果僅通過支持輔助功能用戶可以將收入增加16.7％，該怎么辦？這聽起來很公平。

If a company is making 100,000,000 USD per year, they could be making 117,000,000 USD by implementing accessibility features. This is by making the app available to a wider range of users.

如果一家公司每年的收入為100,000,000美元，那么通過實施輔助功能，他們可以賺取117,000,000 USD。通過使該應用程序可供更廣泛的用戶使用。

Here’s the thing, no one wants to be left out of a great party. If you have a great party, you probably want to invite a lot of great people. If you have a great app, you probably want a lot of people to experience your masterpiece as well.

這就是事情，沒有人想離開一個偉大的聚會。如果您有一個很棒的聚會，您可能想邀請很多很棒的人。如果您擁有出色的應用程序，那么您可能還希望很多人也能體驗您的杰作。

Say the invitation letters are sent out. The invitation letters reach the mailboxes. The invitees happily open the invitation letters and scream YES! into the sky.

說出邀請函。邀請信到達郵箱。被邀請者高興地打開邀請函并大聲尖叫！進入天空。

Now let’s talk about getting to your party: everyone has a preferred form of transportation. People may travel by car, motorbike, helicopter, private jet, or jetpack.

現在讓我們談談參加聚會的方式：每個人都有自己喜歡的交通工具。人們可能會乘汽車，摩托車，直升機，私人飛機或噴氣背包旅行。

Now imagine how tragic your party would be if you left out the jetpackers. So, you decide to register the jetpack air lanes to your house. Consequently, jetpackers can now drop by your party.

現在想象一下，如果您放棄噴氣背包，您的聚會將會有多悲慘。因此，您決定將Jetpack空氣通道注冊到您的房屋。因此，噴氣打包機現在可以按您的隊伍降落。

How great is that? Your party gets more fun and jetpackers get to enjoy the party as well. Everyone wins.

那有多好？您的聚會變得更加有趣，噴氣背包客也可以享受聚會。每個人都贏。

If your app does not support certain ways of using it, then people may find it difficult to navigate your app. They will decide to not use your app altogether. We can mitigate that and bring the jetpackers onboard.

如果您的應用程序不支持某些使用方式，那么人們可能會發現導航您的應用程序很困難。他們將決定完全不使用您的應用程序。我們可以減輕這種負擔，并將噴氣式打包機帶到飛機上。

好處3：構建可訪問的應用程序很困難 (Benefit 3: building an accessible app is hard)

Common complaints about developing accessibility features:

有關開發輔助功能的常見投訴：

Slow development speed
開發速度慢
Insufficient resources
資源不足
The “I have no idea where to begin” thought
“我不知道從哪里開始”的想法

These are valid points.

這些是有效點。

It takes effort to convince the people around you to give you time and space to implement accessibility features in your app.

要說服您周圍的人給您時間和空間來在您的應用中實現可訪問性功能，需要付出很多努力。

It takes courage to risk your name and equity to convince the CEO that accessibility features are worthwhile.

冒著勇氣冒著您的名字和權益冒險的風險，才能使CEO相信可訪問性功能是值得的。

Even if you convince everyone to pay attention to accessibility, you may still be left with a page of questions on what to do next. Given the fact that accessibility is so little talked about, your research may not be helpful as you hoped it would be.

即使您說服每個人都注意可訪問性，您仍然可能會遇到一系列有關下一步的問題。鑒于可訪問性很少被討論，您的研究可能沒有您希望的那樣有用。

And the truth is:

事實是：

Yes.

是。

It is hard.

很難。

But, hard is good.

但是，努力才是好。

Here’s the thing. Adding accessibility features to your app is the right thing to do. Beyond being the right thing to do, adding accessibility features can help your app and company take leaps forward and differentiate themselves.

這是東西向您的應用程序添加輔助功能是正確的事情。除了要做正確的事之外，添加可訪問性功能還可以幫助您的應用程序和公司取得飛躍并使其與眾不同。

Name five companies off of the top of your head that care about building accessible apps.

列出5家關心構建可訪問應用程序的公司。

I’ll wait…

我會等…

That’s right. Probably less than five.

那就對了。大概少于五個。

If building accessible apps were easy, then everyone would do it because it reaches a larger audience.

如果構建可訪問的應用程序很容易，那么每個人都會這樣做，因為它可以吸引更多的受眾。

But because building accessible apps is hard, you can differentiate yourself. You do something that most people would rather not do. Yet, the impact you can have can be life-changing for some users.

但是，由于構建可訪問的應用程序很困難，因此您可以與眾不同。您做了大多數人不愿意做的事情。但是，對于某些用戶來說，可能帶來的影響可能會改變他們的生活。

好處4：發現您應用的設計缺陷 (Benefit 4: discover your app’s design flaws)

Every iOS device has a built-in VoiceOver feature. VoiceOver is iOS’s screen reader. Screen readers empower people with the ability to listen to words on a screen. For people who find it difficult to read with their eyes, they can also absorb information with their ears.

每個iOS設備都有內置的VoiceOver功能。 VoiceOver是iOS的屏幕閱讀器。屏幕閱讀器使人們能夠聽屏幕上的單詞。對于那些難以用眼睛閱讀的人，他們也可以用耳朵吸收信息。

VoiceOver helps you discover app design flaws. Later in the article, you will learn how to use VoiceOver.

VoiceOver可幫助您發現應用程序設計的缺陷。在本文的后面，您將學習如何使用VoiceOver。

To discover app design flaws, you simply need to navigate an app with VoiceOver on. The VoiceOver feature turned on usually means that a user can hardly see what’s on the screen. This means you should be able to navigate without visual dependency.

要發現應用程序設計上的缺陷，您只需要在啟用VoiceOver的情況下導航應用程序即可。啟用VoiceOver功能通常意味著用戶幾乎看不到屏幕上的內容。這意味著您應該能夠在沒有視覺依賴的情況下進行導航。

Then, answer the following questions:

然后，回答以下問題：

Does the app sound right?
該應用聽起來是否正確？
Does the app take too much time getting from point A to point B?
從A點到B點，該應用是否花費太多時間？
Does the app present UI and layouts in chronological order based on sound alone?
該應用程序是否僅根據聲音按時間順序顯示UI和布局？

These issues can be explicitly exposed by VoiceOver and can give you new design perspectives. You can use VoiceOver to help improve your app’s navigation, simplicity, and organization.

這些問題可以由VoiceOver明確暴露，并可以為您提供新的設計觀點。您可以使用VoiceOver來幫助改善應用程序的導航，簡單性和組織性。

好處5：通過口碑傳播您的應用 (Benefit 5: spread your app with word of mouth)

Word of mouth is one of the greatest message-spreading mechanisms. Ever wanted to get the attention of someone? One of the best possible ways to do so is to have an introduction. This is because word of mouth can hold a lot of trust.

口口相傳是最大的消息傳播機制之一。是否曾經想引起某人的注意？這樣做的最好方法之一就是進行介紹。這是因為口耳相傳可以贏得很多信任。

Imagine a man named Jon Mack. He happens to have poor eyesight. He’s using Not Accessible App A, Not Accessible App B, and Not Accessible App C. All the apps happen to be poorly designed for people with visual impairment.

想象一個叫喬恩·麥克的人。他恰好視力不好。他使用的是“不可訪問的應用程序A”，“不可訪問的應用程序B”和“不可訪問的應用程序C”。所有這些應用程序碰巧都是為視力障礙者設計的。

Jon is a capable person. Jon has friends. Jon and his friends are moving towards the elderly age.

喬恩是一個有能力的人。喬恩有朋友。喬恩和他的朋友們正在走向老年人。

One evening, Accessible App comes along. The app is designed with a wide audience in mind. Jon uses Accessible App. He loves it.

一個晚上，Accessible App出現了。該應用程序的設計考慮了廣泛的受眾。喬恩使用Accessible App。他喜歡。

Jon shares Accessible App with friends, family members, and colleagues.

Jon與朋友，家人和同事共享Accessible App。

Jon speaks into the megaphone. Accessible App spreads and does so with word of mouth. Accessible App wins. Jon and his people also win. This is a win-win situation.

喬恩向擴音器講話。可訪問的應用程序通過口碑傳播。可訪問的應用程序獲勝。喬恩和他的人民也贏了。這是雙贏的局面。

When your app is exceptional, people want to share your app. People share your app because it says something about them.

當您的應用程序非常出色時，人們會想要共享您的應用程序。人們會分享您的應用程序，因為它說明了他們的一些話。

Your users are important, so let’s make them feel important.

您的用戶很重要，因此讓他們感到自己很重要。

Time to take action.

該采取行動了。

從哪里開始 (Where to begin)

Let’s understand how one of your VoiceOver users may use your app.

讓我們了解您的VoiceOver用戶之一可能如何使用您的應用程序。

We are going set up VoiceOver on iOS.

我們將在iOS上設置VoiceOver。

在iOS上設置VoiceOver (Setting up VoiceOver on iOS)

Unlock your iOS device.

解鎖您的iOS設備。

Open the Settings app.

打開設置應用。

Tap General.

點擊常規。

Tap Accessibility.

點擊輔助功能 。

Tap Accessibility Shortcut.

點擊輔助功能快捷方式 。

You should see a list of built-in accessibility features.

您應該看到內置的輔助功能列表。

Tap on VoiceOver.

點擊VoiceOver 。

Great.

大。

Now, swipe up from the Settings app to enter the home layout.

現在，從“ 設置”應用程序向上滑動以進入首頁布局。

使用VoiceOver導航iOS (Navigating iOS with VoiceOver)

Time to give VoiceOver a go. Here are useful four gestures for using VoiceOver:

是時候試用VoiceOver了。以下是使用VoiceOver的四個有用手勢：

1. Swipe left or right — navigate the UI

1.向左或向右滑動-瀏覽用戶界面

2. Double-tap — select

2.點按兩次-選擇

3. Swipe up or down — choose from available options if any

3.向上或向下滑動-從可用選項中進行選擇

4. Swipe up from the bottom with a single vibration — exit to home

4.輕輕一聲從底部向上滑動-離開家

Let’s put the action hat on. Let’s begin using VoiceOver.

讓我們戴上行動帽。讓我們開始使用VoiceOver。

Triple-click the power button.

三按電源按鈕。

VoiceOver is turned on.

VoiceOver已打開。

Now, swipe right until the Settings app is in selection.

現在，向右滑動，直到選擇“設置”應用。

Double tap to open the Settings app.

雙擊以打開“ 設置”應用。

Great.

大。

Now, swipe right until General is selected.

現在，向右滑動，直到選擇“ 常規” 。

Double tap to select General.

雙擊以選擇常規。

Swipe right until Accessibility is selected.

向右輕掃，直到選擇了“ 輔助功能” 。

Double tap to select Accessibility.

雙擊以選擇輔助功能 。

Swipe right until VoiceOver is selected.

向右輕掃，直到選擇了VoiceOver 。

Double tap to select VoiceOver.

雙擊以選擇VoiceOver 。

Swipe right until the Speaking Rate’s slider is selected.

向右輕掃，直到選中“ 講話速度 ”滑塊。

Swipe up or down with one finger quickly to adjust the speaking rate.

用一根手指快速向上或向下滑動以調節語速。

Once you have your desired speaking rate, swipe up from the bottom with a single vibration to exit to home.

達到所需的語速后，只需輕輕一聲從底部向上滑動即可回到家中。

So, turns out that VoiceOver is quite practical. You can turn almost anything on iOS into an audiobook.

因此，事實證明VoiceOver非常實用。您可以將iOS上的幾乎所有內容都轉換為有聲讀物。

I’ve definitely found myself using VoiceOver as often as every day to read text on iOS. This reduces the cognitive load. At the same time, it can increase comprehension due to the reading and listening combination.

我絕對發現自己每天都經常使用VoiceOver在iOS上閱讀文本。這減輕了認知負擔。同時，由于閱讀和聽力的結合，它可以提高理解力。

You are amazing. You’ve just taken the hardest step. The step that fewer people have taken. The first step. Congratulations, you’ve increased your ability to empathize and put yourself in the shoes of many more people. You are on track to build even more exceptional apps.

你真厲害您剛剛邁出了最艱難的一步。較少人采取的步驟。第一步。恭喜，您已經提高了同理心，并使自己融入更多人的能力。您正在按計劃構建更多出色的應用程序。

挑戰：蒙住眼睛使用您的應用 (CHALLENGE: Use your app blindfolded)

Here’s a method to benchmark your app’s accessibility.

這是一種基準測試應用程序可訪問性的方法。

Turn on VoiceOver.

打開VoiceOver。

Three-finger triple tap.

三指三連擊。

This turns curtain mode on and your screen becomes pitch black.

這將打開窗簾模式，并且屏幕將變成黑色。

Now, navigate your app with VoiceOver with curtain mode on.

現在，在啟用窗簾模式的情況下在VoiceOver上導航您的應用程序。

When your app’s navigation is effortless with curtain mode, you’re onto an exceptionally accessible app.

當您使用幕簾模式輕松導航應用程序時，您將進入一個異常可訪問的應用程序。

結束語 (Final remarks)

I believe making apps accessible pushes humanity in the right direction. Building an exceptional app experience for all users is a win for the app makers and the users.

我相信使應用程序可訪問性將人類推向正確的方向。為所有用戶打造卓越的應用程序體驗是應用程序制造商和用戶的雙贏。

I hope to see more of our favorite apps fully support accessibility features.

我希望看到更多我們喜歡的應用程序完全支持輔助功能。

Please share this article if you have found this article helpful.

如果您發現這篇文章有幫助，請分享這篇文章。