mvp最小可行產品_最低可行產品–如何為您的項目建立MVP以及為什么要這樣做

mvp最小可行產品

具有足夠功能的產品可以收集全面的定性反饋 (A product with just enough features to gather comprehensive qualitative feedback)

Proof of concept, prototypes, wireframes, mockups… what actually constitutes a Minimum Viable Product (MVP)?

概念驗證，原型，線框，模型……什么真正構成了最低可行產品(MVP)？

In practice, it's as easy to understand the concept of an MVP is as it is to ride a bicycle. So should we compare MVPs to a bicycle then?

在實踐中，理解MVP的概念就像騎自行車一樣容易。那么我們應該將MVP與自行車相比較嗎？

Let's do it. In this article, I will shed light upon:

我們開始做吧。在本文中，我將闡明：

What is an MVP?
什么是MVP？
How is an MVP developed?
MVP如何開發？
How would an MVP be developed if it was a bicycle?
如果是自行車，如何發展MVP？
Why is it important to build an MVP?
為什么建立MVP很重要？

Every customer wants to be heard and understood. The software world offers an excessive number of apps and websites, but only some of them receive users’ attention and love. To find out whether your idea can find a place in this competitive ?environment, create a minimum viable product first.

每個客戶都希望聽到和理解。軟件界提供了過多的應用程序和網站，但只有其中一些受到用戶的關注和喜愛。若要確定您的想法是否可以在競爭激烈的環境中找到一席之地，請首先創建最低限度的可行產品。

什么是MVP？ (What Is an MVP?)

A Minimum Viable Product represents one of the major stages in the software product discovery process. Essentially, it is the set of minimum necessary features which can be used by the end user. The concept of minimum viable product became widely known in 2009 when Eric Ries coined it in his book The Lean Startup.

最低可行產品代表軟件產品發現過程中的主要階段之一。本質上，這是最終用戶可以使用的一組最低限度必需的功能。最低可行產品的概念在2009年廣為人知，當埃里克?里斯(Eric Ries)在他的“精益創業”一書中提出時。

The minimum viable product is a perfect opportunity to let potential users voice their opinions and test out a product before its final launch.

最低可行的產品是讓潛在用戶發表意見并在產品最終發布之前對其進行測試的絕佳機會。

Gathering and analyzing qualitative feedback is a primary task of MVP development. Based on these findings, you can modify your MVP and test it again.

收集和分析定性反饋是MVP開發的主要任務。根據這些發現，您可以修改MVP并再次進行測試。

This process turns into a cycle of MVP product development which takes place over and over again until the ultimate customer satisfaction is reached.

這個過程變成了MVP產品開發的一個循環，反復進行直到達到最終的客戶滿意度。

MVP軟件開發如何進行 (How MVP Software Development Is Conducted)

Each and every product is different, and so is the process of its development. Before we jump into the details as to how an MVP is created, I want to point out that it is an individual and iterative process.

每個產品都是不同的，其開發過程也不同。在詳細介紹如何創建MVP之前，我想指出一下，這是一個獨立且反復的過程。

理念 (Idea)

At first, you have an idea. Even if you feel that it is revolutionary and genius it might still be rather vague.

首先，您有一個主意。即使您認為它是革命性的和天才的，它可能仍然相當模糊。

產品發現 (Product Discovery)

Your first task is to make your idea come to life. You can start by conducting product discovery. You need to study the needs, interests, and demographic characteristics of the target audience. Also, analyze the strengths and weaknesses of ?competitors.

您的首要任務是使您的想法變為現實。您可以從進行產品發現開始。您需要研究目標受眾的需求，興趣和人口統計特征。另外，分析競爭對手的優勢和劣勢。

Then you need to review all the features that can be implemented and select the essential ones. Organize and present this information during workshops with the help of graphs, charts, tables, or any other visuals you think best represents the data.

然后，您需要檢查所有可以實現的功能并選擇必要的功能。在研討會期間，借助圖形，圖表，表格或您認為最能代表數據的任何其他視覺效果來組織和呈現此信息。

Now, your idea seems clearer but it still not presentable.

現在，您的想法似乎更清晰了，但仍然不可行 。

概念證明 (Proof of Concept)

Next you need to create a Proof of Concept. Basically, it is aimed at summarizing the discovery stage and verifying that your innovative idea can be implemented in real life.

接下來，您需要創建概念證明。基本上，它旨在總結發現階段并驗證您的創新想法可以在現實生活中實現。

Ok, you know that your idea is feasible and comprehensive. You know that it can be done – but how?

好的，您知道您的想法是可行且全面的 。 您知道這是可以做到的，但是怎么做呢？

用戶旅程 (User Journey)

Now you need to understand what the user wants to see once they open the application. You want to know which actions they are most likely to take, and what goals they are trying to achieve.

現在，您需要了解用戶打開應用程序后想要看到的內容。您想知道他們最有可能采取的行動，以及他們試圖實現的目標。

For this purpose, you need to map a user journey. User journeys are a visual representation of a hypothetical user and their experience with the app. They cover everything from the minute the user realizes they need that service through the moment they first find and click through to your app and up until they make a decision whether to make this service a part of their lifestyle.

為此，您需要映射用戶旅程。用戶旅程是假設用戶及其對應用程序的體驗的直觀表示。從用戶意識到他們需要該服務的那一刻起，到他們首次找到并單擊進入您的應用的那一刻，直到他們決定是否將此服務作為其生活方式的一部分，它們都涵蓋了一切。

User journeys resemble a set of statements, which look as follows:

用戶旅程類似于一組語句，如下所示：

As a [user role], I want to do [functions] so that [goal].

作為[用戶角色]，我想做[功能]，以便[目標]。

For instance, “As a website admin, I want to be able to add or remove users so that the app is free of spammers”. Or “As an unregistered user, I want to be able to open a menu so that I understand what the app offers before I sign up”.

例如，“作為網站管理員，我希望能夠添加或刪除用戶，以使該應用程序免受垃圾郵件發送者的侵害”。或“作為未注冊用戶，我希望能夠打開菜單，以便在注冊之前了解應用程序提供的內容”。

原型 (Prototype)

After that, it's time to start prototyping. A prototype is a simplified version of the product. It demonstrates the final product design and navigation. Basically, it is a set of pictures of the interface of your future app. If it is clickable, you can navigate between screens by clicking buttons in order to understand user flows.

之后，是時候開始制作原型了。原型是產品的簡化版本。它演示了最終產品的設計和導航。基本上，這是您未來應用程序界面的一組圖片。如果可單擊，則可以通過單擊按鈕在屏幕之間導航，以了解用戶流。

Prototypes may even look like a very basic version of your platform or mobile app. But it is not a final product and not an MVP because you cannot show it to actual users.

原型甚至看起來像是您的平臺或移動應用程序的非常基本的版本。但這不是最終產品，也不是MVP，因為您無法將其展示給實際用戶。

Here, you have your idea implemented. Kind of. It can be shown to all the stakeholders but not to the end user as long as it is just a rough draft.

在這里，您實現了您的想法。 有點兒。 可以將其顯示給所有利益相關者，但不能顯示給最終用戶，只要它只是草稿即可 。

最低可行產品開發 (Minimum Viable Product Development)

At this stage, you need to make ultimate decisions about the UI/UX and finalize the visual design. After that, it's time to start coding the minimum viable product.

在此階段，您需要對UI / UX做出最終決定并最終確定視覺設計。之后，是時候開始編寫最小可行產品的代碼了。

The Minimum Viable Product looks like a final app and feels like a final app. However, it has fewer features, the design or performance is not necessarily product quality, and the code quality may be lower.

最低可行產品看起來像最終應用，而感覺就像最終應用。但是，它具有較少的功能，設計或性能不一定是產品質量，并且代碼質量可能會較低。

Your idea is illustrated, you've put in the code, and it's partially implemented – it's now ready to meet its first user.

您的想法已得到說明，您已將其放入代碼中，并且已部分實現-現在可以滿足第一個用戶的需求 。

最低可行產品發布和測試 (Minimum Viable Product Launch and Testing)

After you finish development and launch the MVP, you should present it to a sample of actual users. Throughout the new few days or weeks, you gather customers’ feedback, analyze the results, and modify your MVP accordingly.

完成開發并啟動MVP后，應將其呈現給實際用戶示例。在新的幾天或幾周內，您會收集客戶的反饋，分析結果并相應地修改MVP。

Once you see that your customers are fully satisfied, you can start implementing the final product.

一旦看到客戶完全滿意，就可以開始實施最終產品了 。

一個例子怎么樣？ (How About an Example?)

Let’s imagine that you want to create a bicycle. A cool, sturdy, and eco-friendly bicycle. What if the potential clients do not like it and your effort goes in vain? Or what if you are on a shoestring budget and you need to persuade investors first?

假設您要創建一輛自行車。一款涼爽，堅固且環保的自行車。如果潛在客戶不喜歡它，而您的努力卻白費了怎么辦？或者，如果您的預算有限，又需要先說服投資者怎么辦？

The development process will be pretty similar to what I described earlier.

開發過程將與我之前描述的非常相似。

產品發現： (Product Discovery:)

You conduct a discovery stage: you learn about what a bike is, what parts it consists of, what bikes people like, and what riders complain about. After that, you answer the most important question: what you can do to make your bicycle stand out among the others.

您進行發現階段：了解自行車是什么，自行車的組成部分，人們喜歡的自行車以及車手抱怨的東西。之后，您將回答最重要的問題：如何使自行車脫穎而出。

概念證明： (Proof of Concept:)

Let’s say you found out how to create a bicycle chain that never falls out of the chain ring. Once you have a clear idea, you create your mechanism: a chain, with a chain ring and pedals – your proof of concept.

假設您發現了如何創建永遠不會掉入鏈環的自行車鏈條。一旦有了明確的想法，就可以創建自己的機制：帶有鏈環和踏板的鏈條–概念的證明。

You show it to your investors, tell them more about your idea, and receive their approval and support to keep going with the project.

您將其展示給您的投資者，向他們介紹更多有關您的想法，并獲得他們的批準和支持以繼續進行該項目。

原型： (Prototype:)

Yet, it is not the time for the final bicycle as you have not seen it yet in actual size. You create a full-scale copy of the bicycle, carefully choose all the colors and materials, make it resemble a real product. ?

但是，由于您還沒有看到實際尺寸的自行車，現在還不是最后一輛自行車的時間。您創建了自行車的完整副本，仔細選擇所有顏色和材料，使其類似于真實產品。

However, the pedals won’t spin yet, and the steering wheel won’t turn. This is your prototype – looks pretty impressive but does not work yet.

但是，踏板不會旋轉，方向盤也不會旋轉。這是您的原型-看起來令人印象深刻，但尚無法使用。

MVP開發： (MVP Development:)

Your investors again review the idea and approve your design, but now they need to see the functionality. You again create a full-scale bicycle, but now, it has a working wheel, pedals, brakes, gears, and a seat. That is going to be your MVP.

您的投資者再次審查了想法并批準了您的設計，但現在他們需要查看功能。您再次創建了一個全尺寸自行車，但是現在，它具有一個工作輪，踏板，制動器，齒輪和一個座椅。那將是您的MVP。

At this point, you can actually let your users try it out. They get on a bike, test it, and share their opinion with you. The more people try it, the more comprehensive your feedback is. However, be sure not to show your bicycle to the people you do not trust, or they might leak your idea to a next-door producer who also makes bikes for a living.

在這一點上，您實際上可以讓您的用戶嘗試一下。他們騎自行車，進行測試并與您分享他們的觀點。嘗試的人越多，您的反饋就越全面。但是，請確保不要將自行車展示給您不信任的人，否則他們可能會將您的想法泄露給隔壁的生產者，他們也以生產自行車為生。

MVP測試： (MVP Testing:)

Finally, you modify your product in accordance with what your customers had to say until you are sure that you've got it.

最后，您可以根據客戶的要求修改產品，直到確定您已經購買為止。

最終產品開發： (Final Product Development:)

Only after all these steps, when you have received financial support from your investors and approval of your customers, you are ready to launch manufacturing.

僅在完成所有這些步驟之后，當您從投資者那里獲得財務支持并獲得客戶的批準時，您便可以開始生產了。

You change the wooden seat with a cushioned one, install safety lights on your bicycle, lubricate the bicycle chain, put on stickers and a bell, develop a marketing campaign, and start selling your product.

您可以用軟墊換一個木制座椅，在自行車上安裝安全燈，潤滑自行車鏈條，貼上貼紙和鈴鐺，開展營銷活動，然后開始銷售產品。

為什么MVP很重要？ (Why Is an MVP Important?)

A Minimum Viable Product has only one real advantage - but it's a very important one. It gives you an opportunity to test your future product in real-life settings with actual users.

最低可行產品只有一個真正的優勢-但這是非常重要的優勢。它使您有機會與實際用戶一起在現實環境中測試您的未來產品。

This simple benefit has a lot of positive consequences:

這種簡單的好處有很多積極的后果：

An MVP lets you adjust your product development plan before it is too late.
MVP可讓您在為時已晚之前調整產品開發計劃。
It serves as a warning about any mistakes you are bound to make or as confirmation for good business decisions.
它可以警告您一定會犯的任何錯誤，也可以作為對良好業務決策的確認。
This approach saves you a great deal of time, effort, and money by optimizing the planning process and reducing risks.
通過優化計劃流程并降低風險，此方法可節省大量時間，精力和金錢。
A Minimum Viable Product boosts motivation because the team knows that what they do matters.
最低可行產品會激發動力，因為團隊知道他們所做的事情很重要。
MVP development offers a unique experience of testing the product idea, which will definitely come in handy in your professional life in the future.
MVP開發提供了測試產品創意的獨特體驗，這肯定會在將來的專業生活中派上用場。

The MVP approach can and should be used within industries of all sorts. While for manufacturers of traditional goods, it is a long and strenuous process, for the software developers, it is rather simple and accessible.

MVP方法可以并且應該在各種行業中使用。對于傳統商品的制造商而言，這是一個漫長而艱苦的過程，對于軟件開發人員而言，這是相當簡單且易于訪問的。

Some business may choose to disregard the minimum viable product stage when creating something innovative, but this is somewhat understandable and can be justified. But for a software development company, it is unforgivable.

一些企業在創建創新產品時可能會選擇忽略最低可行產品階段，但這是可以理解的并且可以證明是合理的。但是對于軟件開發公司來說，這是不可原諒的。

Eventually, if you decide to run a risk and implement your idea before checking in with your target audience, you're laying money, time, effort, energy, inspiration, and supporters on the line.

最終，如果您決定冒風險并在與目標受眾進行交流之前實施您的想法，那么您將在金錢，時間，精力，精力，靈感和支持者上線 。

您對MVP有什么想法嗎？ (Do you have an idea for an MVP?)

My company KeenEthics is experienced in developing Minimum Viable Products. In case you need a free estimate for a similar project, feel free to get in touch.

我公司KeenEthics在開發最低限度可行產品方面經驗豐富。如果您需要對類似項目的免費估算，請隨時與我們聯系。

If you have enjoyed the article, you should continue with What Is Prototyping and Why Do We Need It and What Is a Mockup and Why Do We Need It.

如果您喜歡這篇文章，則應該繼續閱讀“ 什么是原型”，“我們為什么需要它”以及“ 什么是模型以及為什么我們需要它” 。